Table Of ContentElectrochemical Sensors Based
on Carbon Composite Materials
Fabrication, properties and applications
IOP Series in Sensors and Sensor Systems
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Electrochemical Sensors Based
on Carbon Composite Materials
Fabrication, properties and applications
Edited by
Jamballi G Manjunatha
Department of Chemistry, Field Marshal KM Cariappa College,
Constituent College of Mangalore University, Madikeri, Karnataka, India
IOP Publishing, Bristol, UK
ªIOPPublishingLtd2022
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem
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PermissiontomakeuseofIOPPublishingcontentotherthanassetoutabovemaybesought
[email protected].
JamballiGManjunathahasassertedhisrighttobeidentifiedastheeditorofthisworkin
accordancewithsections77and78oftheCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988.
ISBN 978-0-7503-5127-0(ebook)
ISBN 978-0-7503-5125-6(print)
ISBN 978-0-7503-5126-3(myPrint)
ISBN 978-0-7503-5129-4(mobi)
DOI 10.1088/978-0-7503-5127-0
Version:20220901
IOPebooks
BritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationData:Acataloguerecordforthisbookisavailable
fromtheBritishLibrary.
PublishedbyIOPPublishing,whollyownedbyTheInstituteofPhysics,London
IOPPublishing,TempleCircus,TempleWay,Bristol,BS16HG,UK
USOffice:IOPPublishing,Inc.,190NorthIndependenceMallWest,Suite601,Philadelphia,
PA19106,USA
Dedicated to my mother, J Sharadamma Jamballi.
Contents
Preface xv
Acknowledgement xvi
Editor biography xvii
List of contributors xviii
1 An overview of voltammetric techniques to the present era 1-1
Sulagna Parhi, Nilakantha Dash, Swetapadma Praharaj
and Dibyaranjan Rout
1.1 Introduction 1-1
1.1.1 Voltammetry 1-1
1.1.2 General theory 1-2
1.1.3 Voltammetric techniques and applications 1-4
1.2 Voltammetric techniques 1-5
1.2.1 Sweep voltammetric techniques 1-5
1.2.2 Polarography-like methods 1-14
1.2.3 Additional methods 1-19
1.3 Summary 1-22
References 1-22
2 Development of electrochemical sensors for toxic 2-1
metal detection
Devika Sudha Ravindran, Sonia Sam, Keerthi Kodakat and K Girish Kumar
2.1 Introduction 2-1
2.2 Carbon-based electrode materials for the electrochemical sensing 2-4
of toxic metals
2.2.1 Graphite electrodes 2-5
2.2.2 Carbon paste electrodes 2-7
2.2.3 Glassy carbon electrodes 2-8
2.2.4 Screen printed carbon electrodes 2-10
2.3 Carbon composite materials for the electrochemical sensing 2-10
of toxic metals
2.3.1 Graphene and its derivatives 2-11
2.3.2 Carbon nanotubes 2-16
2.3.3 Carbon nanofibers 2-17
2.4 Conclusion 2-19
References 2-20
vii
ElectrochemicalSensorsBasedonCarbonCompositeMaterials
3 Voltammetric sensors for environmental monitoring 3-1
Hadi Beitollahi, Zahra Dourandish, Fariba Garkani Nejad and Somayeh Tajik
3.1 Introduction 3-1
3.2 Monitoring the environment contaminants by voltammetric 3-2
sensors constructed by carbon-based nanocomposites
3.2.1 Voltammetric sensors constructed by graphene-anchored 3-3
composites
3.2.2 Voltammetric sensors constructed by carbon nanotubes composites 3-6
3.2.3 Voltammetric sensors constructed by g-C N composites 3-10
3 4
3.2.4 Voltammetric sensors constructed by C composites 3-13
6
3.2.5 Voltammetric sensors constructed by hollow sphere 3-17
and porous carbon composites
3.3 Conclusion and perspectives 3-18
References 3-20
4 Graphene-based sensing devices for soil moisture analysis 4-1
B Chethan, V Prasad and S Thomas
4.1 Introduction 4-2
4.2 Classification of nanoparticles 4-3
4.3 Synthesis techniques of nanoparticles 4-3
4.4 Carbon nanoparticles and their derivatives 4-6
4.5 Synthesis of graphene using Hummers’ method 4-7
4.6 Properties and characterization techniques of graphene 4-7
4.7 Soil moisture sensors types 4-9
4.8 Deliberate qualities of soil moisture sensor and review of 4-11
graphene-based soil moisture sensors
4.9 Soil moisture mechanism for graphene-based soil moisture sensors 4-14
4.10 Conclusion 4-16
Acknowledgements 4-16
References 4-16
5 Carbon composite material as a sensor for pharmaceutical 5-1
sample analysis
C¸ig˘dem Kanbes¸ Dindar, Fatma Ag˘ın and Bengi Uslu
5.1 Introduction 5-1
5.2 Fabrication of carbon composite sensor for electrochemical druganalysis 5-3
5.2.1 Electrochemical deposition 5-3
5.2.2 Drop-casting preparation 5-4
5.2.3 Dip-coating preparation 5-5
viii
ElectrochemicalSensorsBasedonCarbonCompositeMaterials
5.3 Application of carbon composite material as a sensor for 5-6
pharmaceutical sample analysis
5.3.1 Selected applications of carbon composite with GCE 5-6
5.3.2 Selected applications of carbon composite with CPE 5-13
5.3.3 Selected applications of carbon composite with SPCE 5-18
5.3.4 Selected applications of carbon composite with graphite and PGE 5-22
5.3.5 Selected applications carbon composite-based on other electrodes 5-26
5.4 Conclusion 5-27
Acknowledgements 5-28
References 5-29
6 Recent innovations in voltammetric techniques 6-1
Milan Z Momcˇilovic´
6.1 Introduction 6-1
6.2 Linear sweep voltammetry 6-3
6.3 Cyclic voltammetry 6-8
6.4 Differential pulse voltammetry 6-11
6.5 Square wave voltammetry 6-14
6.6 Stripping voltammetry 6-16
6.7 Concluding remarks 6-18
Acknowledgements 6-19
References 6-19
7 Carbon-based electrodes for forensic sample analysis 7-1
H C Charan Kumar, R Shilpa, S Ananda and Srikantamurthy Ningaiah
7.1 Introduction 7-1
7.2 Electrode material 7-5
7.2.1 Carbon and graphite 7-5
7.2.2 Graphite structure 7-6
7.3 Sorption based artificially changed terminals 7-7
7.3.1 Physisorption technique 7-7
7.3.2 Chemisorption technique 7-7
7.4 Conclusion 7-7
References 7-8
8 Carbon composite voltammetric sensors for food quality 8-1
assessment
R Shashanka
8.1 Introduction 8-1
ix
