Electricity Information 2012: With 2011 Data

883 Pages·2012·6.889 MB·English

by  International Energy Agency, OECD

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ELECTRICITY
INFORMATION
2012
International
Energy Agency
ELECTRICITY
INFORMATION
2012
Electricity Information provides a comprehensive review of historical and current
market trends in the OECD electricity sector, including 2011 preliminary data.
An Introduction, notes, definitions and auxiliary information are provided in
Part I. Part II of the publication provides an overview of the world electricity
developments in 2010 covering world electricity and heat production, input fuel
mix, supply and consumption, and electricity imports and exports. A greater
focus is given to the 34 OECD countries with more detailed information covering
production, installed capacity, input energy mix to electricity and heat production,
consumption, electricity trades, input fuel prices and end-user electricity prices.
Part III of the publication provides a corresponding statistical overview of
developments in the world and OECD electricity and heat market for 2010, as well
as monthly OECD production and trade electricity data for 2011.
Part IV provides, in tabular form, detailed and comprehensive statistical coverage
of the power and heat industry developments for each of the OECD member
countries and for OECD and IEA regional aggregates. It provides comprehensive
statistical details on overall energy consumption, economic indicators, electricity
and heat production by energy form and plant type, electricity imports and
exports, sectoral energy and electricity consumption, as well as prices for electricity
and electricity input fuels for each country and regional aggregate.
Electricity Information is one of a series of annual IEA statistical publications
on major energy sources; other reports are Coal Information, Natural Gas
Information, Oil Information and Renewables Information.
(61 2012 14 1 P1) e150
ISBN 978-92-64-17468-9
-:HSTCQE=V\Y[]^:
ELECTRICITY
INFORMATION
2012
with 2011 data
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
The International Energy Agency (IEA), an autonomous agency, was established in November 1974.
Its primary mandate was – and is – two-fold: to promote energy security amongst its member
countries through collective response to physical disruptions in oil supply, and provide authoritative
research and analysis on ways to ensure reliable, affordable and clean energy for its 28 member
countries and beyond. The IEA carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among
its member countries, each of which is obliged to hold oil stocks equivalent to 90 days of its net imports.
The Agency’s aims include the following objectives:
n Secure member countries’ access to reliable and ample supplies of all forms of energy; in particular,
through maintaining effective emergency response capabilities in case of oil supply disruptions.
n Promote sustainable energy policies that spur economic growth and environmental protection
in a global context – particularly in terms of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions that contribute
to climate change.
n Improve transparency of international markets through collection and analysis of
energy data.
n Support global collaboration on energy technology to secure future energy supplies
and mitigate their environmental impact, including through improved energy
efficiency and development and deployment of low-carbon technologies.
n Find solutions to global energy challenges through engagement and
dialogue with non-member countries, industry, international
organisations and other stakeholders.
IEA member countries:
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea (Republic of)
Luxembourg
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
© OECD/IEA, 2012 Spain
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United States
Please note that this publication
is subject to specific restrictions
The European Commission
that limit its use and distribution.
The terms and conditions are available online at also participates in
http://www.iea.org/termsandconditionsuseandcopyright/ the work of the IEA.
ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2012 Edition) - iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I
INTRODUCTORY INFORMATION
1. Introduction .................................................... I.3 4. Country notes .............................................. I.15
2. Definitions ....................................................... I.5 5. Geographical coverage .............................. I.29
3. Sources and notes ......................................... I.9 6. Conversion factors & calorific values ....... I.31
Country specific net calorific values ........................ I.34
PART II
WORLD ELECTRICITY DEVELOPMENTS
1. Summary ........................................................ II.3 3. Electricity consumption ............................. II.11
Production............................................................... II.3 OECD consumption ............................................... II.11
Consumption ........................................................... II.4 OECD sectoral consumption ................................. II.11
Trade ...................................................................... II.4 Non-OECD consumption ....................................... II.11
OECD prices ........................................................... II.4 OECD heat consumption ....................................... II.12
OECD market shares............................................. II.12
2. Production and installed capacity ............... II.5
OECD production and installed capacity ................ II.5
4. Electricity trade ........................................... II.15
Hydroelectric power.................................................... II.5
Nuclear power ............................................................ II.6 OECD electricity trade ........................................... II.15
Geothermal, solar, tide, wave and wind power ........... II.6 Non-OECD electricity trade ................................... II.15
Combustible fuels ....................................................... II.6
Coal ..................................................................... II.7
Oil ........................................................................ II.7 5. OECD prices ................................................ II.17
Natural Gas.......................................................... II.7
Biofuels and waste ............................................... II.7 Electricity prices for industry .................................. II.17
Heat production .......................................................... II.8
Electricity prices for households ............................ II.17
Direct use of heat ....................................................... II.8
Prices of competing fuels ....................................... II.18
Non-OECD production ............................................ II.8
Hydroelectric power.................................................... II.9
Nuclear power ............................................................ II.9 6. Trends in the OECD
Geothermal, solar, tide, wave and wind power ........... II.9 electricity sector ......................................... II.19
Combustible fuels ....................................................... II.9
Energy and electricity intensity .............................. II.19
Coal ..................................................................... II.9
Oil ........................................................................ II.9 Electricity production.............................................. II.20
Natural Gas.......................................................... II.9
Biofuels and waste ............................................... II.9
Heat production ........................................................ II.10 7. Co-generation and Renewables ................ II.21

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iv- ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2012 Edition)
PART III
ELECTRICITY DATA OVERVIEW
1. World
Figure 1.1: World electricity and energy production........................................................................................................................... III.3
Table 1.1: World electricity production, imports, exports, final consumption, 2010 (TWh) ................................................................ III.4
Table 1.2: World gross electricity production, by country, by source, 2010 (TWh) ............................................................................ III.8
Table 1.3: World gross electricity production from combustible fuels, by country, 2010 (TWh) ....................................................... III.12
Table 1.4: World gross heat production from combustible fuels, by country 2010 (PJ) ................................................................... III.16
Table 1.5: World fuel use for electricity and heat production, by country, 2010 (PJ) ....................................................................... III.20
2. OECD
Table 2.1: OECD electricity production, imports, exports, apparent consumption, 2011 (TWh) ...................................................... III.24
Table 2.2: OECD gross electricity production, by country, by source, 2011 (TWh) ......................................................................... III.25
Table 2.3: OECD monthly net electricity supply, by country, 2011 (GWh) ...................................................................................... III.26
Table 2.4: OECD gross electricity production from combustible fuels, by country, 2011 (TWh) ...................................................... III.33
Table 2.5: OECD gross heat production from combustible fuels, by country, 2011 (PJ) ................................................................. III.34
Table 2.6: Electricity production and consumption, OECD, 1973 - 2010 (TWh) .............................................................................. III.35
Table 2.7: Net maximum electricity generating capacity, OECD, by source, 1974 - 2010 (GW) ..................................................... III.36
Table 2.8: Electricity generation and heat sold, OECD, 1974 - 2010 .............................................................................................. III.37
Table 2.9: Electricity production from combustible fuels in electricity plants, OECD, 1980 - 2010 .................................................. III.38
Table 2.10: Electricity and heat produced for sale from combustible fuels in CHP plants, OECD,1980 – 2010 ................................ III.39
Table 2.11: Heat produced for sale from combustible fuels in heat plants, OECD, 1980 – 2010 ...................................................... III.40
Table 2.12: IEA electricity generating capacity, 1974 - 2010 (GW)................................................................................................... III.41
Table 2.13: OECD electricity consumption, by country, 1960 - 2010 (TWh) ..................................................................................... III.43
Table 2.14: Electricity consumption, OECD, by sector, 1973 - 2010 (TWh) ...................................................................................... III.44
Table 2.15: Electricity consumption, OECD, by industry, 1973 - 2010 (TWh) .................................................................................. III.44
Table 2.16: OECD final consumption of heat, by country, 1980 - 2010 (Mtoe) ................................................................................. III.45
Table 2.17: Final consumption of heat, OECD, by sector, 1980 - 2010 (per cent of total) ................................................................. III.46
Table 2.18: Share of final consumption, OECD, by source, by sector, 2010 (per cent of total) ......................................................... III.46
Table 2.19: Final consumption, OECD, by source, by sector, average annual rate of growth (%), 1960 - 1973 ................................ III.47
Table 2.20: Final consumption, OECD, by source, by sector, average annual rate of growth (%), 1973 - 2010 ................................ III.47
Table 2.21: OECD total electricity imports, by country, 1960 - 2011 (GWh) ..................................................................................... III.48
Table 2.22: OECD total electricity exports, by country, 1960 - 2011 (GWh) ..................................................................................... III.49
Table 2.23: Electricity trade, 1960 - 2011 (GWh) ............................................................................................................................. III.50
3. Prices
Table 3.1: OECD indices of real energy prices for end-users ......................................................................................................... III.51
Table 3.2: United States of America indices of real energy prices for end-users ............................................................................ III.52
Table 3.3: OECD Europe indices of real energy prices for end-users ............................................................................................ III.53
Table 3.4: Japan indices of real energy prices for end-users ......................................................................................................... III.54
Table 3.5: Electricity prices for industry in US dollars/kWh ............................................................................................................. III.55
Table 3.6: Electricity prices for industry in US dollars/toe ............................................................................................................... III.55
Table 3.7: Electricity prices for households in US dollars/kWh ....................................................................................................... III.56
Table 3.8: Electricity prices for households in US dollars/toe ......................................................................................................... III.56
Table 3.9: Electricity prices for households in US dollars/kWh, converted with purchasing power parities ..................................... III.57
Table 3.10: Purchasing power parities, national currency/US dollars ............................................................................................... III.57
Table 3.11: Heavy fuel oil prices for electricity generation in US dollars/tonne ................................................................................. III.58
Table 3.12: Heavy fuel oil prices for electricity generation in US dollars/toe ..................................................................................... III.58
Table 3.13: Steam coal prices for electricity generation in US dollars/tonne .................................................................................... III.59
Table 3.14: Steam coal prices for electricity generation in US dollars/toe ........................................................................................ III.59
Table 3.15: Natural gas prices for electricity generation in US dollars/107 kcal, gross calorific value basis ....................................... III.60
Table 3.16: Natural gas prices for electricity generation in US dollars/toe, net calorific value basis .................................................. III.60
Table 3.17: US dollar exchange rates in national currencies ............................................................................................................ III.61
Figure 3.1: Indices of real energy end-use prices, OECD ................................................................................................................ III.62
Figure 3.2: Indices of real energy end-use prices, Japan ................................................................................................................ III.62
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Figure 3.3: Indices or real energy end-use prices, United States .................................................................................................... III.63 1
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Figure 3.4: Indices of real energy end-use prices, OECD Europe ................................................................................................... III.63 2
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ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2012 Edition) - v
PART IV
DETAILED OECD ELECTRICITY AND HEAT DATA
Directory of Part III graphs and tables ........... IV.3
OECD Total ........................................................................... IV.5 Iceland .............................................................................. IV.375
OECD Americas .................................................................. IV.23 Ireland............................................................................... IV.389
OECD Asia Oceania ............................................................ IV.41 Israel ................................................................................. IV.405
OECD Europe...................................................................... IV.57 Italy ................................................................................... IV.419
IEA Total.............................................................................. IV.75 Japan ................................................................................ IV.437
IEA Americas ....................................................................... IV.93 Korea ................................................................................ IV.453
IEA Asia Oceania .............................................................. IV.111 Luxembourg ...................................................................... IV.469
IEA Europe ........................................................................ IV.127 Mexico .............................................................................. IV.487
Australia ............................................................................ IV.145 Netherlands ...................................................................... IV.503
Austria ............................................................................... IV.161 New Zealand ..................................................................... IV.521
Belgium ............................................................................. IV.179 Norway ............................................................................. IV.537
Canada .............................................................................. IV.197 Poland .............................................................................. IV.555
Chile .................................................................................. IV.215 Portugal ............................................................................ IV.573
Czech Republic ................................................................. IV.231 Slovak Republic ................................................................ IV.591
Denmark ............................................................................ IV.249 Slovenia ............................................................................ IV.609
Estonia .............................................................................. IV.267 Spain ................................................................................ IV.627
Finland .............................................................................. IV.285 Sweden ............................................................................. IV.645
France ............................................................................... IV.303 Switzerland ....................................................................... IV.663
Germany............................................................................ IV.321 Turkey............................................................................... IV.681
Greece .............................................................................. IV.339 United Kingdom ................................................................ IV.699
Hungary ............................................................................. IV.357 United States .................................................................... IV.717
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vi - ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2012 Edition)

Units and technical abbreviations

toe : tonne of oil equivalent (1 toe = 41.868 GJ = 107 kCal)
Mtoe : million tonnes of oil equivalent
kW : kilowatt (103 watts)
kWh : kilowatt hour
MW : Megawatt (electric) (106 watts)
MWh : Megawatt hour
GW : Gigawatt (109 watts)
GWh : Gigawatt hour (1 GWh = 3.6 TJ)
TW : Terawatt (1012 watts)
TWh : Terawatt hour (1 TWh = 3.6 PJ)
kcal : kilocalories (103 calories)
KJ : kilojoule (103 joules)
GJ : Gigajoule (109 joules)
TJ : Terajoule (1012 joules)

t : metric ton = tonne (1 t = 1000 kg)
Mt : million tonnes
GCV : Gross calorific value
NCV : Net calorific value
TFC : Total final consumption
TPES : Total primary energy supply

USD : U.S. dollars (unless otherwise specified)
.. : not available
e : estimated or preliminary data
c : confidential data
x : not applicable

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INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY © O
ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART 1 - I.1
PART I
INTRODUCTORY INFORMATION
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