Table Of ContentElectrical
Transmission
and Substation
Structures 2015
Technical Challenges and Innovative
Solutions in Grid Modernization
Proceedings of the
2015 Electrical Transmission
and Substation Structures
Conference
branson, Missouri
September 27– October 1, 2015
EdITEd by
Otto J. Lynch, P.E.
E T
LECTRICAL RANSMISSION AND
S S 2015
UBSTATION TRUCTURES
Technical Challenges and Innovative Solutions in
Grid Modernization
PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2015 ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION AND
SUBSTATION STRUCTURES CONFERENCE
September 27–October 1, 2015
Branson, Missouri
SPONSORED BY
Electrical Transmission Structures Committee of the
Structural Engineering Institute of the
American Society of Civil Engineers
EDITED BY
Otto J. Lynch, P.E.
Published by the American Society of Civil Engineers
Published by American Society of Civil Engineers
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Electrical Transmission and Substation Structures 2015 iii
Preface
The planning and preparation of the 2015 Electrical Transmission and Substation
Structures Conference required an extraordinary amount of time, effort, and dedication by
the members of the conference steering committee and the ASCE/SEI staff. The success of
the conference is a direct reflection of the level of effort by this group of volunteers.
The steering committee would also like to acknowledge the critical support of the sponsors
and exhibitors who made this conference a success thru their exhibition displays,
participation in the demonstration day and financial support.
This conference takes place every three years and provides sessions on Structural Analysis,
Special Design Considerations, Managing Aging Infrastructure, Substation Design,
Foundations, and much more.
On behalf of our dedicated volunteers and SEI staff, we would like to thank you for
spending your valuable time attending the Electrical Transmission and Substation
Structures Conference. It is our hope that you and your colleagues will benefit greatly from
the information provided and make professional connections that last for years.
Acknowledgments
Conference Steering Committee
Otto J. Lynch, P.E., F.SEI, M.ASCE Michael Miller, P.E., M.ASCE
Conference Steering Committee Chair Conference Vice-Chair
Power Line Systems, Inc. SAE Towers Ltd.
Frank Agnew, P.E., M.ASCE Robert E. Nickerson, P.E., F.SEI,
Alabama Power Company M.ASCE
Consulting Engineer
Gary E. Bowles, P.E., F.SEI, M.ASCE
ECI Engineers Wesley J. Oliphant, P.E., F. SEI,
F.ASCE
Ronald Carrington, P.E., M.ASCE ReliaPOLE Inspection Service Company
POWER Engineers
Archie Pugh, P.E., PMP. M.ASCE
Timothy Cashman, P.E., M.ASCE American Electric Power
Cashman Engineering, LLC
David Todd, P.E., M.ASCE
Dana Crissey, P.E., M.ASCE LG&E-KU Services Company
Oncor Electric Delivery Company
Marlon Vogt, P.E., M.ASCE
Anthony Di Gioia, Jr., Ph.D., P.E., Ulteig Engineers
Dist.M.ASCE
DiGioia Gray and Associates, LLC C. Jerry Wong, Ph.D., P.E., F.SEI,
M.ASCE
DHW Engineering LLC
© ASCE
Electrical Transmission and Substation Structures 2015 iv
Emeritus Members
Ronald E. Randle, P.E., F. SEI,
Leon Kempner, Jr., Ph.D., P.E., F.SEI, M.ASCE
M.ASCE EDM International Inc
Bonneville Power Administration
Sponsors
Platinum SAE Towers Ltd.
Ameren Transmission Mitas Energy
Quanta Services TRC Companies, Inc.
Electrical Consultants Inc. Beta Engineering
Sabre-FWT PLH Group, Inc.
Power Line Systems, Inc.
TransAmerican Power Products, Inc. Bronze
Trinity Meyer Utility Structures, LLC EDM International, Inc.
Valmont Newmark ReliaPOLE Inspection Services
Company
Gold The Empire District Electric Company
Burns & McDonnell Fabrimet Inc.
DIS-TRAN Steel, LLC Falcon Steel Company
HDR IEEE-SA
POWER Engineers NESC
Sabre-FWT Underground Devices, Inc.
Mesa Associates, Inc.
Silver Leidos Engineering
Black & Veatch Corporation
Exhibitors (6/1/15)
3M Electrical Markets CEATI International
ABEINSA Power Structures (COMEMSA) CHM Industries, Inc.
ALLGEIER, MARTIN and ASSOCIATES, Cleaveland/Price
INC Commonwealth Associates, Inc.
All-Pro Fasteners, Inc. Crux Subsurface, Inc.
Anderson Drilling DiGioia Gray & Associates, LLC
ASEC Inc. DIS-TRAN Steel, LLC
Bell Lumber & Poll EDM International, Inc.
Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel Laboratory Electrical Consultants
Brametal SA Enercon Services, Inc.
Brooks Manufacturing Co. Eternal Sun Steel Mast (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.
Burns & McDonnell Fabrimet Inc
CAD Mountain Designs LLC Falcon Steel Company
Campbell Scientific Formet
Case Foundation Company Fugro
© ASCE
Electrical Transmission and Substation Structures 2015 v
GAI Consultants, Inc. ReliaPOLE Inspection Services Company
Hayward Baker Inc. & McKinney Drilling (RISC)
Company Rohn Products
HDR Engineering, Inc. RS Technologies Inc.
Helical Pier Systems Inc. Sabre-FWT
House of Threads SAE Towers
Hubbell Power Systems Seves USA Inc.
Hughes Brothers, Inc. Shaner Industries
Jyoti Americas LLC Skipper Limited
Kalpataru Power Transmission-USA, Inc. Skyline Steel
Klute Inc. T&D Steel Sterlite Technologies Ltd
Laminated Wood Systems, Inc. Summit Utility Structures, LLC
Lapp Insulators LLC TAPP - Steel Poles
LOCWELD Tectonic
McFarland Cascade Terra Remote Sensing (USA) Inc.
Mesa Associates, Inc. Threaded Fasteners, Inc.
Mitas Energy Tower Drafting Services, Inc.
Network Mapping Inc. (NM Group) TRC Engineers
Oldcastle Enclosure Solutions Trinity Meyer Utility Structures, LLC
Osmose Utilities Services, Inc. Ulteig
Patterson & Dewar Engineers, Inc. Underground Devices
Paul J. Ford and Company V&S Schuler Engineering Inc.
PILE DYNAMICS, INC Valmont Newmark
PLH Group Inc. W.E. Gundy & Associates, Inc.
Power Consulting Associates, LLC W.I.R.E. Services
Power Line Systems, Inc. Williams Form Engineering
Powertrusion Products Zhejiang Shengda Steel Tower CO., LTD.
Preformed Line Products
Quanta Services
Randall Industries
© ASCE
Electrical Transmission and Substation Structures 2015 vi
Contents
Case Studies
Winfall-to-Trowbridge Transmission Line Foundation Design ............................. 1
Jason R. Truckenbrod, Steven S. Miller, Bruce L. Roth, and Robert Smith
Taft–Lakeland 230 kV Transmission Line ............................................................. 11
Charles (Chuck) H. Easterling, Curtis W. Smith, and Hrishikesh (Rishi) P. Moghe
Jack Rabbit–Big Sky 161 kV National Forest Canyon Construction .................. 23
Anders Fiske and Heather Dell
Micropile Design and Construction in a Limited Access Wetland Habitat ........ 35
Steven A. Davidow and David G. Carr
Construction Challenges
CapX2020 Brookings County–Hampton 345 kV River Crossing Foundation
Challenges .................................................................................................................. 46
I. Lucas D. Karels
Fall Protection Efforts for Lattice Transmission Towers ..................................... 58
David E. O’Claire and David M. Hesse
Design and Construction Challenges from One Utility’s CREZ
Transmission Lines ................................................................................................... 70
Don Cannon, David Hancock, and Neal Chapman
Foundations
Foundation Designs for a 345 kV Transmission Line Constructed in the
Lakebed of Glacial Lake Agassiz ............................................................................ 83
David W. Wedell, Gerald V. Chezik, and Bret R. Anderson
Deep Foundations—Combining Construction Methods, Engineering,
Inspection, and Testing .......................................................................................... 102
Shane C. Watson and Bruce J. LaMeres
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Electrical Transmission and Substation Structures 2015 vii
Ameren Transmission Company’s Illinois Rivers Transmission Line River
Crossings Foundation Design ................................................................................ 113
Kasey Woods, Darren Ratliff, Terry Barnett, Danielle Mullendore, and
Daniel Whalen
Recommendations for Steel Pole and Drilled Shaft Deflection Criteria
Based on a Parametric Study of a 138kV Double Circuit
Transmission Line .................................................................................................. 127
Adam G. Bowland, Paul G. Cass, and Anthony M. DiGioia Jr.
Line Design
Dynamic Loading of Transmission Lines A Qualitative Comparison of
Full-Scale Tests and Computer Simulations ........................................................ 143
Bryan Williams, Erik Ruggeri, and Jason Pfaff
Updating ASCE Manual No. 74: Guidelines for Electrical
Transmission Line Structural Loading ................................................................ 154
T. G. Mara and R. H. Behncke
Compilation of Damaging Ice Storms in the United States ................................ 166
K. F. Jones and R. Bates
Best Practices for the Design of 115KV to 230KV Overhead
Transmission Lines ................................................................................................. 178
L. Kempner Jr. and A. Haldar
Managing Aging Infrastructure
Generation Drone: The Future of Utility O&M .................................................. 190
Grant T. Leaverton
Celanese–Peters Mountain 138kV Line: A Case Study of One of American
Electric Power’s Oldest Weathering Steel Pole Lines ......................................... 202
T. J. Christy, E. H. Witt, M. J. McMillen, T. D. Parrish, and W. J. Oliphant
Best Practices for Transmission Line Inspections and Recommended
Inspection Techniques ............................................................................................ 214
Andrew Stewart, Robert Nelson, Matthew Sinclair, and Alex Mogilevsky
Rerating and Upgrading
Thinking Outside the Box: Tennessee Valley Authority Uses the ACCR
Conductor on a 500-kV Transmission Line ......................................................... 227
Jeffery Phillips, Mark Ryan, and Doyle Glass
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Electrical Transmission and Substation Structures 2015 viii
Southern Reinforcement Project—Squeezing 21st Century Demand into
20th Century Right-of-Way ................................................................................... 237
Bill Rusciolelli and Sean Crandall
Raising Transmission Line Steel Towers .............................................................. 249
Ashley Dupree, Fang Liu, Jonathon Rumble, and Ricardo Ortegon
Special Design Considerations
EIS Project Survival Guide: How to Keep Engineering Choices Alive and
Emerge from the NEPA Process with Your Project (Mostly) Intact ................. 261
Ronald Carrington
Aestethic Transmission Line Structures: Past, Present, and Future ................. 275
M. Khavari and K. L. Sharpless
Design of Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Structures for BC Hydro’s
Transmission System .............................................................................................. 289
A. Gilpin-Jackson, M. L. Lu, G. Mathew, and G. Fecht
Developing a Structure for BOLD—Challenges from a Simple Aesthetic
Structure Design ..................................................................................................... 306
Nancy (Meihuan) Fulk, T. David Parrish, Anthony J. Hansen, and Jeff Steele
Structural Analysis I
Validation and Testing of Tubular Steel Pole Designs for Southern
California Edison’s Tehachapi Renewable Transmission Project ..................... 322
Clinton Y. Char, Tony Cunha, and Jerry Lembke
Design and Testing of 500kV Double Circuit Monopoles for the Heartland
Transmission Project in Edmonton, Alberta ....................................................... 337
Kishor Kumar and Jason Dwyer
Innovative Structure Designs for Large Spans .................................................... 351
Jaron T. Reay and Abe J. Dilworth
Slip Joints Connections—How Do These Things Work? .................................... 363
Richard Slocum and Mark Fairbairn
Structural Analysis II
The Effect of Eccentricity on the Design of Towers for Transmission
Lines—A Case Study with the Finite Elements Approach ................................. 375
Angelo Fabri
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Electrical Transmission and Substation Structures 2015 ix
Considerations in the Development of a Lattice Tower Structure Family ........ 387
Jondy Britton and Travis Bouslog
Graphical Analysis: Obsolete Method or a Compliment to Modern Design
Techniques? ............................................................................................................. 401
Philip Joel Bryant
Substation Design Issues
Seismic Base Isolation of a High Voltage Transformer ...................................... 413
R. S. Cochran
NERC CIP-014-01: Physical Security—Regulatory Compliance and
Real World Implementation .................................................................................. 426
Katherine Bentley and Jeffrey Boucher
Innovative Analysis and Seismic Retrofit of 500kV Flexible Bus Substation
Support Structures ................................................................................................. 438
Scott Howard, Craig Riker, Brian Knight, and Sarah Knoles
Poster Program
Transmission Pier Foundation QC/QA ................................................................ 452
Gina Beim, Robert Kluge, Matthew Lohry, and Daniel Belardo
Updated Gust Response Factors for Transmission Line Loading ..................... 464
T. G. Mara
Repair of Corrosion-Damaged Substation Structures ........................................ 482
Mo Ehsani and Gannon McGhee
Structural Performance of Bolted Connectors in Retrofitted Transmission
Tower Leg Members ............................................................................................... 489
Chenghao Lu, Xing Ma, and Julie E. Mills
Design and Construction Challenges for a Transmission
Line and Structures Crossing a River for Bridge Relocation ............................. 500
Rengaswamy Shanmugasundaram, W. Greg Ford, and Rodger Calvert
Modification of Single-Circuit 765 kV Lattice Steel Towers for a
Double-Circuit 345 kV Application ...................................................................... 512
Todd Edwards and Joe Pattison
Examination of Yawed Wind Loading on Transmission Towers ...................... 522
T. G. Mara and R. H. Behncke
© ASCE
