Table Of ContentSecond Edition
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SCHAUM'S OUTLINE OF
THEORY AND PROBLEMS
ELECTRIC MACHINES
and
ELECTROMECHANICS
Second Edition
SCHAUM’S OUTLINE SERIES
MeGRAW-HILL
ove Tork $i Lows Sa Francisco Aurkland Aygotd Caracas Fithow
Tomdon Maia ‘Milan Moneeai New Bethe
‘Sun tian 5 ier Toth Ponte
SVED 4, NAGAR ig Trofesior of Fletical Engiveeing at the
University of Kentucky. Liqmg cured the PhD. teapee itor the
Univesity of Cliforoiu at Berkley, be hus been involved in teaching,
research, an coomang in else machines for over 40 yoees. He i
tbe antler oe eo-aior, of fp sr hack ant ver 100 ashe
paper.
Comrie 155, BEL Toe Mee Cui Ali tr inane Ste
fF Rme Tic pee ae ho Cop: Ac 9, mer hs pbeaon ma Be
‘Sottod acon ran eb yet sel nn aes eel Sa, Wa
‘a parm geriin he ps she
sca enter te
or — ticks teers
EN Goeeay
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McGraw-Hill
Aine Teron Cue
Preface
A sowae i cleric mci and seeremechanieeS aqutad he undenrlne
lovrival sgitceing careulam in rao engineering souls, This bookie med 10
Saperclthe val terback Hr wich sans It wil kay verve relesher Ke tose
‘whe hive sleudy hulu couse in elec machines ar an printer fr sola study of the
tic. Im cash sheper a trek revow af pornos pes is given, along witha summary
of the povering equations. Ta sno eases, derivatiing a irlade a solved problems
Tre range of tapes oowerad far ned. Begining with asus a ingle
‘aprotic ects, the book ands with achagct on clestouie cote uf de ad mtu.
11 baped tut ce prevention of ver 400 solved er anyrted prablera eovering the
te rng of aubjet eater sil provide he seader wih beter nigh and a eter
‘olng fr magn.
In his send ction the sms af the Hs dion ertined. Major ditions ad
delvionsincinde an sxpande® discussion ofthe dewlopmen of euleat cic of
transforms and hol oC secniua om iostrursect ansfonners in Chartr 2 and
tbe addon of «section on euezs-eiien induction mars. Ta the f2vsion, Chapter 7
has undergons majac changes! Seerion. ve ian SalicKem mater, eleemomingutic
uns, aid hemapolr kachiney are delete “Ibe thapter fous on sal leetie
frutie: Thus weciows om sting Ni? snglepbige inbverea otre, PUTMAN MBAS
ror, ad hyserois wats ate ade. in Chapter & the aecion an power cin
iucos Se completly revit Lil. de problems ae added to every ehapter.
8. ALNasae
Contents
Chuper 2 MAGNENC crecomTs
TA dateieGon uad Biss Concepts
2 Permeabiiy and Setaion
1B _Taws Governing Magnet Cieais
TAC Operation and Losses
1 Sucking Racor
U6 Fringing
LT Reng Steed in w Magnetic Fie
Fe Iaductuace Cucuts uae
£9) Maysode Cinaits with Pemineas Mapaet
Chaper 2 POWER TRANSFORMERS
21 Teaasformer Operon aad Rarday’s Taw
22° EMP Dqutiva of Tnastomer
23 Teaomner Leno
2:4 Falvalone Ciscoe af Nonidal Transformers 2
25° ‘Test on Inaatomere ilar
26 Traosformor Connections »
LT Auinvansformers 30
24 esumeat Tnsfouers Beeeereryt
Chuper 3 HLECIROMECRANICAL SYSTEMS .
3.1 Btoctromochanio! incray Canversion
32 Fore and Torque Fauations
33, Flectmmachanioa Dynamics
34 Fleenomnacharioas Atslgies
Chapter 4 DCMACHINES . se eerenreerens n
4. Operating Pieter cn
42° Gomattae Action n
43 Amature Winding aad Physical Features 3
44 EMF bquaton 4
45° Torque Equation "
46 Speed Eeuation 6
47 Machine Classifcrion on
48° inp Fckds wo domutare Revco %
49. Rescuues Vollgs and Commumtion R
10. Fifer of Sarvation on Vettage Roshan in a Show Geversor 2
UL osses and Beeney wo
$12 Motor end Genenvtor Chanclerisics 1
41 DC Moter Dynamics ‘ BL
CON LINTS.
Chapter 5 POLYPHASE INDE-CTION MOTORS on
5.1 Genorl Remarks 98
52 MMA uf Anratine Wingy be
52 Priduction uf Rotating hngnetio Hide 100
D4 Slipe Markite Louivaen Cavui iM
55. Cotulstions fom Equivalent Circus mg.
$6 Roerpy-biicicar lducton Motos i
52 Apyoximate Fqpialen Civil Parantcars Lema Tet Deta us
Chapter 6 “SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES «+ cee Rs
611 Types and Covninnal Meires fee)
62 Gegenier snd Bites Opsraian: The EMF Fauation cry
63 Genes No-Laad, Shor-Cireuk, and Vohage-Reguliea
Charani us
G4 Pawer-Angle Characernie of w Haunt Rotar Machine 6
BS Marfnmnanee of the Ruvnd-Koter Motor ra
68 Salea-Pole Syniosnaus Machinse re
6.7 ‘raosiens ts Syoehrenaan Machinss a0
Chapter 7 SINGLE-PHASE MOTORS AND PERMANENT MAGNET
MACHINES oo. ces ecvsesersaree earns
TL Saull AC Moire
2 Amulyis of Singlo Phase faducion Votre
3 Seaning of Singlo-Pase Ivtoetion Muto
FA Pomanere Magnet Machines
4S yseresis Moture
Chapter § ELECTRONIC CONTROL OF MOTORS. ceceeteeeeeeenee IM
82 Gemzral Considerations v8
82 Romer Sod State Devices ine
$3 RMS and Avenue Vilas of Suvefoms 19
84 Commi of BU Moc 180
85 Comm of AC Mocs 1s
kb SER Communtion 19
Appendix A. Unts Conversion oes esse ceceascresenseratsceareeves
Appendix B Characterisies of Single-Vim-Covica, Rounded, Magnet Wire
‘Appencia © Charusleristes af Mugpetie Materials and Permanent Magnets...
INDEX
ns
Chapter 1
Magnetic Circuits
Lt INTRODUCTION AND BASIC CONCEPTS
leetre machines and eleenomechni devives are unde vp of coupled election aaapnatic
ites, BY a atmate ctcui re mean 9 path for muxsetic Non. eal us elecire cei provides u pat
fr eHow of lec erent. Sources of magnetic foxes ae elects eurens and pera magnets. Tr
‘act mashincs, cument-ourying conducts mle! wih agai eid (toomsalves arsig fom eletic
cuerens in vondustovs ot from permanent magne), rseuling in eleeromecbancal energy ccaversion,
(Consider a coaster of length? patadensoen the poten of x magnet. Let ths eonductr cary a
cucent 7 and beat ight angles wo te eugoetic Ix ites, sbowr i Fig, 1. 138 ound expedient
thatthe cmadcorexpevoneos a force F, the duction of whichis chown ix ig. 1-1 aa ube mud of
‘whieh is given by
Fear 8,
ete, i the muaguiade othe mageve fcr dansiy By whe dinetion i given by the Moe Tnes. The ST
anit of B or he asta (1), [Anoter, equivalent nit willbe iomodoeed sbory}. Notte from (2.7) tbat,
2 could be dio arte force per uit creat men, Lyuaot (1) ia sateoet of deypere’ Fors be
more general Sateen, stich holds for av aviary orcmaion of the conductor with pect 1 the FLX
ines
Pease ay
‘where Lis vector of muna Fn he disstion ofthe concur. Again the foros isa sar angles to bath
{he eondhctoe aad the magus Hild (Vig. 1-2). Amper's lw, (If) ur 12) proving mit dew Br tbe
development of foxes. or toga. undertisa the opecation of elec acter
= Deewiog ores Feta 8
x ital s AD
a 4, usin
Be peso
com)
oa) fa
“The magi hs, rong» given Copen a closed) sutce i he fox of chong rat ssa,
os few
fans an
whet is he mit outward normal the sles area af he suface (Eig. 1-3), In ens Mis consoat
to magatude and everyvere perpraicoar to the sofas, of are 4, (73) wads 1
MsGxenc ects fertar
eee ua
thom which
nat ws
‘ue $1 unt mayne Hei te Haber {Why We see Za 5) thar or Bay be expressed in Wein,
io, T= 1 Wh
Fig. 13 tg
‘uo mural elatidhaip betwoer a elev curent and a magnctie Held is given by Ampere’:
ici La, orm of ich
fua-s 4.60)
where His define an the mapretic td ions in Alo due Io he cuent £ Aconrding (0 (6), be
integral of tke tmyentl componcat of HE araund a closed pats el to the curent enclosed by tae path,
‘When the closet pa is threadel by the cument 2 Hoos. as if lg. I=, (7 becomes
glasses er a)
jp wih 71 AT ic kaown atthe mapreomarve force Iabbneviaid mf). inet spelng. oF has de
saime ons aperes us J. Hisever ia this Book ws shal foto? rhe etnamon ceaventon of citing Fin
fompere arms (li, we sb Toare NY a6 easing a sinensonles un the wr
Magnstic at, magnetic ux cesiny, maprekoive face, and (see Seaton 2) permeuaiig are
‘he Dare quantitss pertinent ie evaluation of he pertoianos of magni civcull, The fuse and he
sed, Fore ele te each oer by
wy
‘here Tsim as the reluernoe ofthe wages vies
12 PERMEABILITY AND SATTRATION
Than ism, notennl meu, H. whic i determined 2 anova czas (eure) él a
which depeuds abo onthe peopetics of dhe modi, ae eited by
Bun tay
Mar. MAGNETIC CIRCUMTS os
svar 1x defined atthe perneabey af tho medium, msanurd in heme pe stor [Ha (Ror he henry,
see Section 1.8.) For Dee spate, 8) gives
Bu 7)
where sy the pemeabilty of Fee see, hs he value 4 < 10" HB,
“Tne core manterinl of an elvcic mack is geverliy(emenagneti, and the vation of B ith
is motive, a shown the type stron evn of Fig. L-(a). Ite eear thatthe ope of tae curve
fdpend upon ube uperaing Me densi, a clasiied in sopion TE, and IL This ade ws
t
Ga 5 She tr a
a ba) Hg. F510)
the convepl of eileen types of pecmabiiies. We ret (1. a8
Be watt u0,
sie ale rele permeubiliy orbich is Vimensomles). Hoth
inch following, laree permeability is arama in che
oman i florea. The cope the I curse i ied feel perme
oan
‘Tn inal probity i dined ws
any
“The (etsivel permevbiliy in region I's approximately const sal equal ote ml permevii. An alt
‘hoc regions, the ratio af 2 0 H ata peiat en the curve is known as amysnede permwahils
1
e
aah
ale
a
infect fsomagnstic matnale have diferent suluntion curves. ts shuwn an La. 1-80)
1.3. LAWS GOVERNING MAGNETIC CIRCETTS
Jn soms romects 2 mametic cxouit 1s umlopous to a de resale viel; the similrity Ss
sumuarized in Table 11
