Educational Reconstruction: African American Schools in the Urban South, 1865-1890

264 Pages·2016·1.444 MB·English

by  Hilary N. Green

Educational
Reconstruction
Reconstructing America
Andrew L. Slap, series editor
Educational
Reconstruction
African American Schools
in the Urban South,
1865–1890
Hilary Green
Fordham University Press
New York 2016
Copyright © 2016 Fordham University Press
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data available online at catalog.loc.gov.
Printed in the United States of America
18 17 16 5 4 3 2 1
First edition
Contents
List of Abbreviations vii
Introduction | 1
Part I Envisioning Citizenship and the
African American Schoolhouse
1 Remaking the Former Confederate
Capital: Black Richmonders and
the Transition to Public Schools,
1865–1870 | 15
2 No Longer Slaves: Black Mobilians
and the Hard Struggle for Schools,
1865–1870 | 36
Part II Creating Essential Partnerships
and Resources
3 To “Do Th at Which Is Best”:
Richmond Colored Normal
and the Development of Public
Schoolteachers | 67
4 Remaking Old Blue College:
Emerson Normal and
Addressing the Need for Public
Schoolteachers | 89
Part III Integrating the African
American Schoolhouse
5 Shift ing Strategies: Black
Richmonders’ Quest for Quality
Public Schools | 107
vi Contents
6 Rethinking Partners: Black
Mobilians’ Struggle for Quality
Public Schools | 130
Part IV Perfecting the African
American Schoolhouse
7 Walking Slowly but Surely: Th e
Readjusters and the Quality School
Campaigns in Richmond | 157
8 Still Crawling: Black Mobilians’
Struggle for Quality Schools
Continues | 174
Epilogue: Th e Blair Education
Bill and the Death of Educational
Reconstruction, 1890 | 185
Acknowledgments 201
Notes 203
Bibliography 239
Index 255
Abbreviations
ADAH Alabama Department of Archives and History, Montgomery,
Alabama
AFUC American Freedmen’s Union Commission, New York
AL-BRFAL-ED United States Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and
Abandoned Lands, Records of the Superintendent of
Education for the State of Alabama, Bureau of Refugees,
Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, National Archives
Microfi lm Publication, Washington, D.C.
AMA American Missionary Association Archives, Amistad
Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans
ARC Amistad Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans
BRFAL-ED Records of the Educational Division of the Bureau of
Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, National
Archives Microfi lm Publication, Washington, DC
LVA Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia
MCPSS Mobile County Public School System, Barton Academy,
Mobile, Alabama
MHS Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston
NEFAS New England Freedmen’s Aid Society, Boston
VA-BRFAL-ED United States Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and
Abandoned Lands, Records of the Superintendent of
Education for the State of Virginia, Bureau of Refugees,
Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, National Archives
Microfi lm Publication, Washington, D.C.
VHS Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Virginia
VSU Virginia State University, Petersburg, Virginia
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Educational
Reconstruction
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