Education, Work and Social Change: Young People and Marginalization in Post-Industrial Britain

268 Pages·2014·2.648 MB·English

by  Robin Simmons, Ron Thompson, Lisa Russell (auth.)

Education, Work and Social Change
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Education, Work and
Social Change
Young People and Marginalization
in Post-Industrial Britain
Robin Simmons
ProfessorofEducation,UniversityofHuddersfield,UK
Ron Thompson
PrincipalLecturerinEducation,UniversityofHuddersfield,UK
Lisa Russell
SeniorResearchFellowinEducation,UniversityofHuddersfield,UK
©RobinSimmons,RonThompsonandLisaRussell2014
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2014 978-1-137-33592-0
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Contents
ListofTablesandFigures viii
Acknowledgements x
1 Introduction 1
2 Poverty,SocialExclusionandMarginalization 18
3 YoungPeopleNotinEducation,EmploymentorTraining 39
4 ResearchingtheLivesofMarginalizedYoungPeople 66
5 Education,TrainingandYouthEmployment 86
6 Danny’sStory 116
7 Hailey’sStory 129
8 Sean’sStory 143
9 Family,CommunityandWelfare 155
10 Isla’sStory 181
11 Saheera’sStory 195
12 Cayden’sStory 207
13 Conclusion 219
Appendix 231
Notes 233
References 235
Index 250
vii
Tables and Figures
Tables
3.1 Qualificationlevelsatage16andmainactivityatages17
and18 61
4.1 JobSeeker’sAllowanceclaimantsbyageanddurationin
FernsideandNorthdale(%ofresidentpopulation,
January2013) 84
4.2 EmployeejobsinFernsideandNorthdale(%ofjobs,in
2008) 85
5.1 Recruitmentofeducationleaversbysector(inEngland,
NorthernIrelandandWales) 98
5.2 ApprenticeshipsinEngland,2011–2012 106
9.1 Unemploymentrates,ethnicityandqualifications(%),
1984–2010 162
A.1 Youngpeoplewhoparticipatedintheresearchproject
(∗denotessubjectofcasestudywithinthisbook) 231
Figures
2.1 WorklesshouseholdsintheUKwithatleastone
memberofworkingage,1996–2013(%ofall
households) 30
3.1 Numberofyoungpeopleaged16–24inemployment
(UK,thousands),1984–2013;FT,full-time 43
3.2 QuarterlyNEETratesforages16–18and19–24in
England,2000–2013,togetherwiththeirannualtrends 45
3.3a NEETratesforages15–19,20–24and15–24inthe
EuropeanUnion(EU27),2000–2012 46
3.3b NEETratesforages15–19inOECDcountries,
1997–2011 47
3.4 DefinitionsofNEETandunemployment 48
3.5 NEETrateandunemploymentrateforages16–24inthe
UK,2001–2013 49
3.6 Participationratesinfull-timeeducationforages
16–18inEngland,1994–2011;HE,highereducation 53
viii
ListofTablesandFigures ix
3.7 NEETrateintheUKasapercentageofthewhole16–24
agegroupbyeconomicactivity,2001–2013 54
3.8 NEETratesforages16–17and18–24bygenderinthe
UK,2001–2013 55
3.9 CompositionofyoungpeoplewhowereNEETaged
18in2009,byGCSEattainmentinYear11 56
3.10 Mainbarrierstolearningoremploymentcitedbyyoung
peoplewhoareNEETatage17(%) 58
4.1 LocalauthorityNEETratesforage16–18inEngland,
2011–2012 81
5.1 UKjobsbyemploymentsector(thousands),1979–2010 90
5.2 UKjobsbyoccupationalclassification(SOC2000,in
thousands),March2013 91
5.3 Distributionofgrosshourlyearnings(£/hour),ofall
employeesearninglessthan£100/hrinUK,2001–2013 92
5.4 UKjobsbysocio-economicclassification(NS-SEC,in
thousands),2001–2013 94
5.5 Employmentofyoungpeopleage16–24byindustry
sector(%),1981and2011 99
5.6 Employmentofyoungpeopleage16–24nolongerin
full-timeeducation,byoccupationalgroup,Oct–Dec
2011 99
9.1 CompositionofNEETpopulationsbysocialclassfor
youngpeopleinEnglandaged18in2009 157
9.2 Mainactivityofyoungpeopleaged18in2009in
England,byethnicity 160
9.3 YoungpeopleachievingLevel2atage16andbyage17,
byschoolexclusionandtruancy 172