Table Of Contentedexc5e5l5
advanclienagr ncihnagn,gl iinvge s
EdexceGlC E History
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A PEARSONC OMPANY
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Contesn t
Acknloewgdemtesn iv
Itnroduction v
1 FroEma sItni daC opmanyt oR aj 1
2 Snaps1h09o0tl:i viinnt gh Rea j 16
3 Howw as Ignodvieadr i nn1e 090? 32
4 Chanagnecd otniintu1y0,9 -019 49
5 FlhapsoiTnhteA! m ritMsaasrsr aec 73
6 Gandshwira,a aj ntdh Ceo gnersPsa rty 89
7 Reetnrhcmenitnt h1e2 90s 140
8 Jinnaanhtd h ied eoafs erpaanteess 122
9 Cosnulotnaa tnicdo niflcitnt h1e39 0s 136
10 Thei mpaocftt h eera lyye raso fth Seec onWdo rlWda r 194
11 Thee ndinogft hRea :jd ermasa nndi gmhartes 156
Epilogue 109
Themtairce vi:se owurbcaes-deedb aatnede vlauation 129
Exazmo ne 149
Reefrences 201
Glorys sa 202
Index 205
ThEede xlcS epiefciocnUa ntti iO2pt iDo2n' Birtaainntd eh N atnialoiCshatl lenge
in I1n9d0i0a'-d 4o7enstor qeueia rnsyp iefckinco welo efrd egiloantss hip
bewteenI nada inBdir atipnr itoo1r 90 U0.nt 1i i pso rvdieadsb akcgurnofdo trh is
cuosrea,n fdro t housnedt eanrkgaiw diesrt ufdocyro suerwroko rfo arn toher
AwadrinBgo d. y
Acknowledegmenst
Thea uthaonrdp ubliwsohuelrld i kteot hantkh feo lloiwnidnigv iadnudoa rlgsa nisfaotri ons
permistsoir oenp rodtuhcfeeo llomwaitnegr ial:
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Itnorduction
On1 4Au gu1s49t7 J,a wahaNrelharIlun ,d' ifisar sptr immei neirs,t
addsrseetdhI edn iaCnon steintAtus sbelm.yT hiissp arto fw hahte s a:i d
SocuerA
Lnogy esaa rgwoe m adaet rywsittd het sinaynn,do twh tei mceo mwehse wne
sharleelde om uprel degA.t t hset kreoo ft hmei idgnhhot,u w rhitlheweo rld
sleeIdpniswa,i alwla tkoele ia fnfder deomA.m omecnotm ewsh,ic cohm es but
rraeilhnyi tsroyw,h ewnes tpeo uftrm o thoedl t ot hnewe ,w heanna geen ds,
anwdh etnh seo ouflan taiolno,sn gu pepsrsfenidd,us tt renace.
Frmo JawahNaeruhlt raotl h Ien dCioantnsi tuAessnetmy bo ln1 4A ugu1s9t4 7
Indhiaadfi nalwloyni dnependfeornmcB er it.Ha oiwnh atdh hisa pepned?
Ihta pepnetdh rovuigshi aonnpd l anniinntgr,ai ngbudee rt ay,a l Deifntiion
desrpaetiaonnda mbiitonvi,eo nlcaen bdl ohoeddsI.dn iian,1 090w,a s the
Mahaajrah
lanodfm aharajwaihtsth he ifrba ledl tw,ghe laittpealraiscnh,ega reamnsd
AnI ndpiirannct ehr:eu ler
privaartmesi i;ewt a st hlea nwdhe ryeo unBgr itoiffischea rnsdc i vil
ofan taisvtea. t e
sevranptalsy dep olion,dl ugeidnt iger ahnujdnio tnseg det lnemesc nl'bus,
whialtet hsea mtei msebu duinrgee blliaonnrdsu nniav nags cto utnry
teeimnwgi tphe olpew,ea ltahn dp rosmeiI.tw a sal andH ionufda nd
MuslJiami,Sn i,k h Cahnrdi swtiitathnhe ,id rif efrteb neliseyfts emvsa,el us
anpdr aicectsI.wt a sal anwdhe rNeat ionawlaiss cmbmo einagh eaydi dea
andag rowifroncg.eB y1 497t,w ion pdeendecnuotn itreIsn,d ia and
Pakis,ts atonodw here hoanbdce eeB nr it'aIsin indaEnm pi.Tr hees tyoo rf
howt hihsap penietsd h seu ebtjco ft hbios ok.
v
Itnruocdt ion
SocuerB
USSR
CHINA
AFGHANISTA N
TIBET
BURMA
ArabiSae na
Bayo fB engal
INDIA
BefIonrdee pendence
D
BriItn idsiha
D 0
MaPjroirSn tcaetleys N
"
�'
oN
t
200 400 600m iles
D
o 200 400 600 800k m
0.I1 nadb ieoferI ndeenpdeenc
vi
Itnrodu ction
SocuerC
USSR INDI A
CHINA
After Independence
c=J NeighCboouu nrtirnige s
AFGHANISTA N
TIBE T !m Punjab
1 IB engal
Delhi
•
• eAgra
Jaipur
INDIA
N
BURMA
ArabiSae na
r
Bombay
400m iles
Bayo fB engal
•
Hyderabad
Madras
�'
ON
O
0.I2d niaaft eIdrne penedenc
vii
Itnorduct ion
SKLILS BUL OER
1 ComparSeo urBca ensdC .W habta sdiicef rfenicne smt ahepc sa n
Dsicsuisopno i nt
yous pot?
Howu suealfer m aps to 2 Whaqtue tsoinwso ulydo uwa nttoa sakbo utth per coeswshe rbey
anhs itraoin? the mfiarpsc th andgi enttohs ece onodn ?e
3 Comparyeo uqru setniswo itohht erisny ougrr oaunpbd u iulpda
seotfq usetiaobonusIt n d1i09a0 -4T7h.ib so oskh oualnds w er
thema l!l
vii i
UNTI
Form EastI dnai
1 Com panyt oR aj
ha·tts · su "at P
Thuisntf i cousoents h ree iloantsbhteiwepenB iratin Ianndiditn ah y eae srb eofer
190I0tta.r c etshd eve elopmoeft nhttra eiloantsfohrmio pn teh baetg waintt ahrd e
and dew nidttehhB eir itsghoe vrnmtekainntrg ep sonlsyiif tbrori unnailonmsgtt h e
wheoc loinntnetI.in yt ou w ill:
fnido tuh otwh Eea st CIomnpadnibyae mceaa p owreflfu rocwei itnIh ndia
•
leawrhny tihitesg hoB vrrmenetnt ooko vetrhr enu nionfIg n dfoirma tEhaes t
•
IndCioam pany
expelt ohrree iloantsbhteiwepenB iritsahn Iddn iapne opbleoefer1 900.
•
In otroud nedsreat rnadb ott uhaeti ttuodfie nsvd diiusaa lngdo vrmenentasft er
190i0it,is m ptoartnhtya outu ndseatrnhdo twh egyot tot hapto intw haincdh
evnetasn tdh eoiturcm oecso oluerdh otwh set grgulfroeI dniainn depeewn adse nc
top orceietndh tew neticeetnhyt .u r
Keqyu setoins
Whyd itdh 'ere u'ol ft hEea sItna dC iompacnoymt eoa ne nd?
•
Tow haetx nttwe atsh Ien adnMi utionfy 71 8ta5un ripnogti i nnre iloantsship
•
bewteent hBeir itsahn Idn adnis?
Tmieline
1530 Detaho fB aubrfi,r Mstug healmp erwohroc, o nltlrmeoosdt o fn otrheIrnnd ia
1660 MughaEmlp iee rxntdeosv emros to fI ndainAadgf hatnains
1698 Chtaergrrn atetdot hBer iisEtha sItn dCiopama ngyi viiatnm go noolpoyf
trdaew itIhn dia
By 17 B4ri0is tDhuc,th, F renacnPhdo truugeseetsa bltiarsdhis ntgoa ntisiIn n dia
1751 SieogfAe r cmoakte Rso bteC vrlei'psu toraenat nimda krst hbee ginonf ing
thdee icnloefF renpcohwi enIr n dia
1775 Btaltoef P laesyls eaRvoebsteC vrleii cn ontorfBo eln gal
By1 763P irvaivtnoel mveenitBn e ngtarla'adsmoe u nttoos v e£r5 00,000
1784 Brigtoievsrhne mnste tuspt hBeo aorfCd o tnrionLl o ndtooon ev rstehee
acvtieitsoi ft hEea sItn dCioam pany
1788 Goevrn-GoerneWraarlrH eansn tgiispm eached
1857 IndMiutainn y
1858 Brigtoievsrhne mnpta ssGeoesvr nemnotfI ndAictta,r afenrsrailrnligt g sah nd
poweorfts h Eea sItn dCiopama ndryie cttotl hyBe r sihCt oriwn
1
