Table Of ContentECTOPIC PREGNANCY –
MODERN DIAGNOSIS
AND MANAGEMENT
Edited by Michael Kamrava
Ectopic Pregnancy – Modern Diagnosis and Management
Edited by Michael Kamrava
Published by InTech
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Copyright © 2011 InTech
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First published October, 2011
Printed in Croatia
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Ectopic Pregnancy – Modern Diagnosis and Management, Edited by Michael Kamrava
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ISBN 978-953-307-648-5
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Contents
Preface IX
Part 1 Epidemiology, Morbidity and Mortality 1
Chapter 1 Differential Diagnosis of Ectopic
Pregnancy - Morbidity and Mortality 3
Panagiotis Tsikouras, Marina Dimitraki, Alexandros Ammari,
Sofia Bouchlariotou, Stefanos Zervoudis, Panagiotis Oikonomidis,
Constantinos Zakas, Theodoros Mylonas, Anastasios Liberis,
Vasileios Liberis and Georgios Maroulis
Part 2 Causes of Ectopic Pregnancy 11
Chapter 2 Tubal Damage, Infertility and Tubal
Ectopic Pregnancy: Chlamydia trachomatis
and Other Microbial Aetiologies 13
Louise M. Hafner and Elise S. Pelzer
Chapter 3 Ectopic Pregnancy and Assisted Reproductive
Technologies: A Systematic Review 45
Anastasia Velalopoulou, Dimitrios Peschos, Mynbaev Ospan,
Eliseeva Marina, Ioannis Verginadis, Yannis Simos,
Tsirkas Panagiotis, Spyridon Karkabounas, Vicky Kalfakakou,
Angelos Evangelou and Ioannis P. Kosmas
Chapter 4 Hysteroscopic Endometrial Embryo Delivery (HEED) 79
M.M. Kamrava, L. Tran and J.L. Hall
Chapter 5 Ectopic Pregnancy Following Reconstructive,
Organ-Preserving Microsurgery in Tubal Infertility 87
Cordula Schippert, Philipp Soergel
and Guillermo-José Garcia-Rocha
Chapter 6 Persistent Ectopic Pregnancy After Laparoscopic
Linear Salpingostomy for Tubal Pregnancy:
Prevention and Early Detection 97
Shigeo Akira, Takashi Abe and Toshiyuki Takeshita
VI Contents
Part 3 Diagnosis of Ectopic Pregnancy 107
Chapter 7 Management and Outcome of
Ectopic Pregnancy in Developing Countries 109
Buowari Yvonne Dabota
Chapter 8 Clinical Application of One-Step Diagnosis
for Ectopic Pregnancy by HCG Ratio:
Hemoperitoneum Versus Venous Serum 137
Yu-dong Wang, Wei-wei Cheng and Xiao-ping Wan
Chapter 9 Inhibins and Activins
as Possible Marker of Ectopic Pregnancy 151
Blazej Meczekalski and Agnieszka Podfigurna-Stopa
Chapter 10 Term Extra-Uterine Pregnancy 163
Ismail A. Al-Badawi, Osama Al Omar and Togas Tulandi
Part 4 Management of Ectopic Pregnancy 175
Chapter 11 Clinical Treatment of
Unruptured Ectopic Pregnancy 177
Julio Elito Junior
Chapter 12 MTX Could Be First-Line Therapy Even in Cases
Where hCG Level is Greater than 5,000 IU/ml 209
Yoshiki Yamashita, Sousuke Katoh, Yoko Yoshida,
Satoe Fujiwara, Sachiko Kawabe, Mika Hayashi,
Atsushi Hayashi, Yoshito Terai and Masahide Ohmichi
Chapter 13 The Treatment of Ectopic Pregnancy
with Laparoscopy-Assisted Local Injection
of Chemotherapeutic Agents 217
Ching-Hui Chen, Peng-Hui Wang, Li-Hsuan Chiu and Wei-Min Liu
Chapter 14 Fertility-Preserving Surgery for Cervical
Ectopic Pregnancy, from Past to Present 225
Seiryu Kamoi, Nao Iwasaki and Toshiyuki Takeshita
Chapter 15 Modern Management of Cornual Ectopic Pregnancy 237
Maged Shendy and Rami Atalla
Preface
The objective in compiling this book has been to bring more worldwide awareness of
this important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. In addition to the sexually
transmitted diseases, as advanced reproductive technologies have become available
everywhere, occurrence of ectopic pregnancies has also increased more than before.
With better understanding of the causes of this condition, earlier diagnosis and earlier
treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, along with employing improved
reproductive technologies, has led to more non-invasive treatment options and
improved outcome in the management of these, potentially life-threatening, situations.
This book is dedicated to all our patients from all over the world who have given us
the impetus for giving them hope for having a family. Also, I would like to thank my
wife, Soheila, and our children Mitchell and Michelle for their patience, understanding
and encouragement in taking on this task.
Michael Kamrava, MD
West Coast IVF Clinic, Inc.
LA Center for Embryo Implantation (SEED/ HEED)
USA
