Table Of ContentSpringer Proceedings in Business and Economics
Alina Mihaela Dima
Ion Anghel
Razvan Catalin Dobrea Editors
Economic
Recovery After
COVID-19
3rd International Conference
on Economics and Social Sciences,
ICESS 2020, Bucharest, Romania
Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics
SpringerProceedingsinBusinessandEconomicsbringsthemostcurrentresearch
presentedatconferencesandworkshopstoaglobalreadership.Theseriesfeatures
volumes(inelectronicandprintformats)ofselectedcontributionsfromconferences
in all areas of economics, business, management, and finance. In addition to an
overall evaluation by the publisher of the topical interest, scientific quality, and
timelinessofeachvolume,eachcontributionisrefereedtostandardscomparableto
those of leading journals, resulting in authoritative contributions to the respective
fields. Springer’s production and distribution infrastructure ensures rapid publica-
tion and wide circulation of the latest developments in the most compelling and
promisingareasofresearchtoday.
The editorial development of volumes may be managed using Springer’s
innovative Online Conference Service (OCS), a proven online manuscript
management and review system. This system is designed to ensure an efficient
timeline for your publication, making Springer Proceedings in Business and
Economicsthepremierseriestopublishyourworkshoporconferencevolume.
Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttps://link.springer.com/bookseries/11960
· ·
Alina Mihaela Dima Ion Anghel
Razvan Catalin Dobrea
Editors
Economic Recovery After
COVID-19
3rd International Conference on Economics
and Social Sciences, ICESS 2020, Bucharest,
Romania
Editors
AlinaMihaelaDima IonAnghel
BucharestUniversityofEconomicStudies BucharestUniversityofEconomicStudies
Bucharest,Romania Bucharest,Romania
RazvanCatalinDobrea
BucharestUniversityofEconomicStudies
Bucharest,Romania
ISSN2198-7246 ISSN2198-7254 (electronic)
SpringerProceedingsinBusinessandEconomics
ISBN978-3-030-86640-2 ISBN978-3-030-86641-9 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86641-9
©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNature
SwitzerlandAG2021
Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher,whether
thewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuse
ofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,and
transmissionorinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilar
ordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped.
Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication
doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant
protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse.
Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthisbook
arebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsor
theeditorsgiveawarranty,expressedorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforany
errorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictional
claimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations.
ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG
Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland
Preface
Thisproceedingsconstitutesaselectionofpaperspresentedtothe3rdInternational
Conference on Economics and Social Sciences, Innovative Models to Revive the
GlobalEconomy,ICESS2020Bucharest,Romania.
TheCOVID-19crisishaspracticallyimposedanewwayoflifeandworkglobally,
whichoffersresearchopportunitiesintermsofinquiringbenefitsanddisadvantages,
as well as finding solutions for individual safety and maintaining the efficiency of
theeconomic,socialandenvironmentalsystems.COVID-19’sglobalspreadingand
theconsequentdrasticpublicresponsehavequicklybroughtneweconomicpolicy
challenges to the fore. Many researchers have responded by reviewing recent data
and publishing brief articles in order to better comprehend the size of the issues
confrontingchallengingregionsandthebestpolicyresponses.Itiscriticalthatthe
scientificcommunityprovidesamechanismforthisresearchtobepublishedassoon
aspracticable.Ourobjectiveisthatthiscollectionofarticleswillcontributetoabetter
understandingoftheissuesandpoliciessurroundingthecrisis,aswellasserveasa
constructiveexampleofhowthesetoftechniquesfortop-levelresearchpublications
ineconomicsshouldbeexpanded.
Thisvolumeisacollectionofresearchfindingsandperspectivesrelatedtorecent
economic challenges determined by the global crisis due to COVID-19, resulted
fromaresearchproject“RestartEconomia”implementedbyTheBucharestUniver-
sity of Economic Studies in the period April—August 2020 with the support of
the Ministry of Education and Research from Romania. The project’s main goal
was to find solutions for the Romanian SMEs in order to help them survive the
actual COVID situation and to support them through recommendations in order
to avoid a real economic crisis. The data and the information collected derived
from the main sectors of activity as follows: water distribution, sanitation, waste
management, decontamination activities, building industry and real estate transac-
tions,wholesale and retailtrade,hotels and restaurants,fiscalenvironment, higher
education, healthcare system, macroeconomic policies, public administration and
regional development, consumers’ behavior, banking sector, international trade in
v
vi Preface
goods, international trade in services, transportation and storage sector and agri-
cultural sector. The presented data include the evolution, impact, main effects and
challengesoftheCOVID-19pandemiconeachofthesesectors.
Theperformanceofthecompanieswillbeincreasedbydeliveringthemresearched
recommendations after an integrated analysis is performed by economic experts.
Moreover, economic recommendations were sent to the institutional and decision-
making factors to develop enhanced policies destined for improving the economic
situation.Theeconomicandsocialeffectsofthepandemicphenomenahaveimposed
thenecessityinmanycountriesofgovernmentinterventionsinordertomaintainthe
stabilityofthesystemorinnovativesolutions.
Bucharest,Romania AlinaMihaelaDima
IonAnghel
RazvanCatalinDobrea
Contents
ChallengesintheRomanianHealthcareSystemintheContext
oftheCOVID-19Pandemic ......................................... 1
AnghelIon, Dra˘goiMihaelaCristina, Anica-PopaAdrian,
StefanSimonaCa˘ta˘lina,andCiocodeica˘ David-Florin
,
TheImpactofCOVID-19CrisisontheRomanianAgricultural
Sector ............................................................ 17
IstudorNicolae, PopescuGabriel, BegalliDiego, IgnatRaluca,
PetrescuIrina-Elena,andPetreIonut-Laurentiu
, ,
The Challenges of the Higher Education Sector. The Impact
ofCOVID-19CrisisontheEducationalProcess—CaseofRomania .... 37
DimaMihaelaAlina, FonsecaLuisMiguel, NastaseMarian,
BusuMihail,andVargasMadalinaVanesa
PublicAdministrationandRegionalDevelopment .................... 59
ProfiroiuConstantinMarius, ConstantinDanielaLuminita,
,
GoschinZizi,IorgaTudoseElena,andNastaca˘ Corina-Cristiana
RestarttheHotel,Restaurant,andTravelIndustryinRomania
AftertheCOVID-19Pandemic ..................................... 87
TiguGabriela,CioraCostin,PetcuMonicaAureliana,BobocDan,
CrismariuOanaDiana,andCurteanuAdrianBogdan
Romania’sInternationalTradeinGoodsAftertheCOVID-19
Crisis:Whereto?AnEmpiricalInvestigationBasedonGranger
CausalityAnalysis ................................................. 109
ParaschivDorelMihai, DavidescuAdrianaAnaMaria,
PopoviciOanaCristina,andGerardCazabat
ImpactofCOVID-19CrisisonBankingSectorinRomania ............ 125
DumitruIonut,DumitrescuBogdan-Andrei,CepoiCosminOctavian,
PopIonutDaniel, BarneaDinu, KubinschiMatei-Nicolae,
andTatariciLuminita
vii
viii Contents
TheImpactofCOVID-19ontheBuildingIndustryandonReal
EstateTransactionsinRomania .................................... 157
AnghelIon, SimionCezar-Petre, CioraCostin, IonascuElena,
,
andDumitruOvidiu
The Evolution of Romania’s International Trade in Services
DuringtheCOVID-19Crisis ....................................... 175
ParaschivDorelMihai, PopoviciOanaCristina,
DavidescuAdrianaAnaMaria, ManeaDaniela, GerardCazabat,
andBirolIbadula
TheImpactofCOVID-19CrisisonFiscalEnvironmentinRomania .... 189
SobolevschiDavidMariaIulia, PetcuMonicaAureliana,
TâtuLucian, Catarama˘ Delia, CiobanuRadu, JingaGabriel,
, ,
Gavril(Moldovan)IoanaAndrada, BalabanGeeorgiana,
andAvram(Zamfir)Ma˘da˘lina
MacroeconomicPolicies,EconomicRevitalization .................... 207
HuruDragos., RomanMihaiDaniel, ManafiIoana,
ParaschivAncaMaria,andS.tefanGeorge
AssessmentoftheImpactofCOVID-19PandemicontheRomanian
TransportationandStorageSector .................................. 235
HurduzeuGheorghe,LupuRadu,CiocMihai,andCioraCostin
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Wholesale and Retail
Trade—Repair of Motor Vehicles and Motorcycles Sector
inRomania ....................................................... 251
AnghelIon,DavidescuAdrianaAnaMaria,MosoraMihaelaHrisanta,
CureaStefaniaCristina,andAchimLuminitaGeorgiana
Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Water Distribution,
Sanitation,WasteManagement,DecontaminationActivitiesSector ..... 271
FlorescuMargaretaStela, CretuRalucaFloretina,
andTricaCarmenLenuta
TheImpactoftheEarlyStagesofCOVIDPandemicLockdown
onRomania’sConsumers’Behavior ................................. 299
MosoraMihaelaHrisanta,OrzanMihaiCristian,Va˘lima˘reanIleana,
andCaescuStefanClaudiu
Challenges in the Romanian Healthcare
System in the Context of the COVID-19
Pandemic
AnghelIon,Dra˘goiMihaelaCristina,Anica-PopaAdrian,
StefanSimonaCa˘ta˘lina,andCiocodeica˘ David-Florin
,
1 AnalysisoftheHealthcareField
The public healthcare system in Romania rests on a centralized health insurance
model,whichisbasedonatwo-foldcommand:theMinistryofHealth(taskedwith
thegeneralgovernance)andtheNationalHealthInsuranceHouse(CNAS),abody
thatmanagesandadministersthefundsinpublichealthcare.Thetwoentities,the
MinistryofHealthandCNAS,arerepresentedatlocallevelbypublichealthcounty
authorities and, respectively, by the county health insurance houses. The medical
servicesareprovidedinthe41countiesandBucharestbasedonthecentrallyagreed
rules.
1.1 NumberofEmployeesintheHealthcareSector
In2016,themedicalsectoraccountedforalmost261,000employeesversus215,000
employeesin2009,mostofthemhealthcareprofessionalswithsecondaryeducation
andancillarystaff—supportstaff(56%),followedbymedicaldoctors(24%),phar-
macistsanddentists(7%each).Fromtheownershippointofview,itisnoteworthya
reductionofthestaffworkinginthepublichealthcaresystem,bothinabsoluteterms,
B
A.Ion( )·D.M.Cristina·A.-P.Adrian·S,.S.Ca˘ta˘lina·C.David-Florin
BucharestUniversityofEconomicStudies,Bucharest,Romania
e-mail:[email protected]
D.M.Cristina
e-mail:[email protected]
A.-P.Adrian
e-mail:[email protected]
S,.S.Ca˘ta˘lina
e-mail:[email protected]
©TheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2021 1
A.M.Dimaetal.(eds.),EconomicRecoveryAfterCOVID-19,SpringerProceedings
inBusinessandEconomics,https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86641-9_1
