Table Of ContentOther titles from IDE-JETRO:
Ikuo Kuroiwa (editor)
ECONOMIC INTEGRATION AND THE LOCATION OF INDUSTRIES
The Case of Less Developed East Asian Countries
Hiroko Uchimura (editor)
FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Experiences of Three Developing Countries in Southeast Asia
Moriki Ohara, M. Vijayabaskar, and Hong Lin (editors)
INDUSTRIAL DYNAMICS IN CHINA AND INDIA
Firms, Clusters and Different Growth Paths
Shigemochi Hirashima, Hisaya Oda, and Yuko Tsujita (editors)
INCLUSIVENESS IN INDIA
A Strategy for Growth and Equality
Momoko Kawakami and Timothy J. Sturgeon (editors)
THE DYNAMICS OF LOCAL LEARNING IN GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS
Experiences from East Asia
Hiroko Uchimura (editor)
MAKING HEALTH SERVICES MORE ACCESSIBLE IN DEVELOPING
COUNTRIES
Hiroshi Sato and Mayumi Murayama (editors)
GLOBALISATION, EMPLOYMENT AND MOBILITY
The South Asian Experience
Takashi Shiraishi, Tatsufumi Yamagata, and Shahid Yusuf (editors)
POVERTY, REDUCTION AND BEYOND
Development Strategies for Low-Income Countries
Mariko Watanabe (editor)
RECOVERING FINANCIAL SYSTEMS
China and Asian Transition Economies
Daisuke Hiratsuka (editor)
EAST ASIA’S DE FACTO ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
Masahisa Fujita (editor)
REGIONAL INTEGRATION IN EAST ASIA
From the Viewpoint of Spatial Economics
Hisayuki Mitsuo (editor)
NEW DEVELOPMENTS OF THE EXCHANGE RATE REGIMES IN
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Tadayoshi Terao and Kenji Otsuka (editors)
DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY IN JAPAN AND ASIAN
COUNTRIES
Masahisa Fujita (editor)
ECONOMIC INTEGRATION IN ASIA AND INDIA
Akifumi Kuchiki and Masatsugu Tsuji (editors)
INDUSTRIAL CLUSTERS IN ASIA
Analyses of their Competition and Cooperation
Mayumi Murayama (editor)
GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT
The Japanese Experience in Comparative Perspective
Nobuhiro Okamoto and Takeo Ihara (editors)
SPATIAL STRUCTURE AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA
An Interregional Input-Output Approach
Akifumi Kuchiki and Masatsugu Tsuji (editors)
THE FLOWCHART APPROACH TO INDUSTRIAL CLUSTER POLICY
Akifumi Kuchiki and Masatsugu Tsuji (editors)
FROM AGGLOMERATION TO INNOVATION
Upgrading Industrial Clusters in Emerging Economies
Koichi Usami (editor)
NON-STANDARD EMPLOYMENT UNDER GLOBALIZATION
Flexible Work and Social Security in the Newly Industrializing Countries
Economic Integration and
the Location of Industries
The Case of Less Developed East Asian
Countries
Edited by
Ikuo Kuroiwa
Director General, Development Studies Center,
Institute of Developing Economies (IDE-JETRO)
© I DE-J ETRO 2012
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2012 978-0-230-38941-0
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First published 2012 by
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ISBN 978-1-349-35115-2 ISBN 978-0-230-38942-7 (eBook)
DOI 10.1057/9780230389427
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A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Economic integration and the location of industries : the case of less
developed East Asian countries / edited by Ikuo Kuroiwa.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
1. East Asia—Economic integration. 2. Industrial location—East Asia.
I. Kuroiwa, Ikuo.
HC460.5.E3636 2012
338.095—dc23 2012011157
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12
Contents
List of Tables and Figures vii
Preface and Acknowledgements xiii
List of Contributors xv
List of Abbreviations xvi
Part I Theories and Methodologies
1 The Analytical Framework—Economic Integration and
the Location of Industries: The Case of Less Developed
East Asian Countries 3
Ikuo Kuroiwa
2 Economic Integration and Industry Location: A Survey
of Theoretical and Empirical Literature 14
Ikuo Kuroiwa
3 Measures for Geographical Concentration and
Specialization with Administrative-area Data 30
Toshitaka Gokan
Part II Country Studies
4 Liberalization, Integration, and Industrial Location
in Vietnam 43
Nobuaki Hamaguchi, Futaba Ishizuka, and Shozo Sakata
5 Economic Integration and Industry Location in
Cambodia 88
Naomi Hatsukano, Ikuo Kuroiwa, and Kenmei Tsubota
6 Economic Integration and Industrial Location in Laos:
How Has Border Mattered? 121
Souknilanh Keola, Kazunobu Hayakawa, and
Kiyoyasu Tanaka
7 Distribution of Myanmar Rice Mills in the Age of
Economic Integration 150
Toshihiro Kudo, Toshitaka Gokan, and Ikuo Kuroiwa
v
vi Contents
Part III Specific Topics and Conclusions
8 Location Choice of Multinational Firms in CLMV
Countries 175
Kazunobu Hayakawa, Souknilanh Keola, and
Kiyoyasu Tanaka
9 Impacts of Transport and Trade Facilitation Measures
in GMS Countries: IDE Geographical Simulation Model 200
Satoru Kumagai
10 Summary of Findings and Policy Implications 225
Ikuo Kuroiwa
Explanatory Notes on Data Sources
Explanatory Note on Data Sources 1: Vietnam 235
Futaba Ishizuka
Explanatory Note on Data Sources 2: Cambodia 246
Naomi Hatsukano
Explanatory Note on Data Sources 3: Laos 259
Souknilanh Keola
Explanatory Note on Data Sources 4: Myanmar 267
Toshihiro Kudo
Index 291
List of Tables and Figures
Tables
4.1 Top ten trade items in 2000 and 2007 48
4.2 Increase in establishments and employees between
2002 and 2007 by ownership type 53
4.3 Increase in establishments and employees between
2002 and 2007 by region 54
4.4 Geographical concentration of manufacturing
sector in 2002 and 2007 56
4.5 Industrial specialization in 2002 and 2007 by province 59
4.6 Variables used in previous econometric models 65
4.7 Summary statistics 70
4.8 Determinants of province- level manufacturing
employment growth rate (dependent variables are
logged) by types of capital ownership 71
4.9 Determinants of province- level employment
growth rate by sector 73
4.10 Determinants of employment growth rate by
sectors and by types of capital ownership 78
5.1 Percentage of paved roads in Cambodia 92
5.2 Investment by sector, 1994–2008
(in thousands of US$) 96
5.3 Investment by country of origin, 1994–2008
(in thousands of US$) 97
5.4 Cambodia’s major export products in 2008
(in thousands of US$) 98
5.5 Cambodia’s major import products in 2008
(in thousands of US$) 99
vii
viii List of Tables and Figures
5.6 Industrial specialization. Indexes based on
employment share, by province 102
5.7 Geographical concentration. Indexes based on
employment share, by industry 104
5.8 Number of top ten districts (based on manufacturing
employment share) by province 108
5.9 Summary statistics for variables in econometric models 114
5.10 Results of econometric analyses 115
6.1 Industrial specializaton by number of firms (2008) 132
6.2 Geographic concentration by number of firms (2008) 133
6.3 Industrial specialization by employment (2008) 134
6.4 Geographical concentration by employment (2008) 134
6.5 Summary statistics (n (cid:2) 118) for econometric model
variables 139
6.6 Correlation matrix of econometric model variables 142
6.7 Impact of all border districts in Laos on growth of firm
numbers and employment (1995–2008) 143
6.8 Impact of broadly defined border districts by country
on growth of firm numbers and employment in Laos
(1995–2008) 144
6.9 Impact of narrowly defined border districts by country
on growth of firm numbers and employment in Laos
(1995–2008) 146
7.1 Rice-surplus and -deficit areas 153
7.2 Small- scale mills (huller) recorded in FY 2002 155
7.3 Spatial configuration of population, rice mills, and
rice production 160
7.4 Distribution of rice mills, paddy production, and
population 163
8.1 Tree structures 186
8.2 Nested- logit results: The whole sample 187
8.3 Estimation results: Excluding Vietnam and Myanmar
(1994–2005) 189
List of Tables and Figures ix
EN 1.1 Provincial make-up of Vietnamese “regions” 240
EN 1.2 Vietnam Standard Industrial Classifications (VSIC),
1993 and 2007 242
EN 2.1 Major surveys conducted by the National
Institute of Statistics 247
EN 2.2 Industry classifications used in the General
Population Census Cambodia and the Nationwide
Establishment Listing 249
EN 2.3 Changes in administrative divisions based on
sub- decrees issued between January 12, 2008
and January 9, 2009 253
EN 3.1 Major regional socio- economic data publications
by the NSC 261
EN 4.1 GDP by industrial sector 269
EN 4.2 Estimated employment by industry 270
EN 4.3 Number of exporters, importers, companies,
partnerships, joint- ventures, and other entities 272
EN 4.4 Private factories and establishments from
two sources 275
EN 4.5 Factories and establishments by number of
workers as of FY 2007 276
EN 4.6 Registered private industries by product
group (1992–9) 278
EN 4.7 Registered private industries by product
group (2000–8) 280
EN 4.8 Registered private industries by state and division 282
EN 4.9 Registered private industries by state, division,
and sector (April 1997) 284
EN 4.10 Registered private industries by size, states, and
divisions (March 2000) 288
