Echo Made Easy

249 Pages·2008·6.49 MB·English

by  Sam Kaddoura

CHAPTER 4
Echo Made Easy

This book is dedicated to my parents
For Elsevier:
Commissioning Editor: Laurence Hunter
Development Editor: Janice Urquhart
Project Manager: Christine Johnston
Designer: Erik Bigland
Illustration Manager: Merlyn Harvey
Illustrators: Robert Britton; Oxford Illustrators
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Echo
Made Easy
SECOND EDITION
Sam Kaddoura
BSc(Hons), BM BCh(Oxon), PhD, DIC, FRCP, FESC, FACC
Consultant Cardiologist,
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital and Royal Brompton Hospital,
London
Honorary Consultant Cardiologist,
Royal Hospital Chelsea, London
Honorary Senior Lecturer,
Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK
Edinburgh London New York Oxford Philadelphia St Louis Sydney Toronto 2009
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© 2002, Elsevier Limited.
© 2009, Sam Kaddoura. All rights reserved.
The right of Sam Kaddoura to be identifi ed as author of this work has been asserted by
him in accordance with the Copyright, Design and Patents Act 1988.
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First published 2002
Second edition 2009
Main edition ISBN: 978-0-443-10363-6
International Edition ISBN: 978-0-443-10364-3
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress
Notice
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Preface
Echocardiography (echo) is the use of ultrasound to examine the heart. It is
a powerful and safe technique which has become widely available for
cardiovascular investigation. The training of medical students and newly
qualifi ed doctors often includes an introduction to echo. Undergraduate and
postgraduate examinations such as MRCP (UK) sometimes set questions on the
subject.
While there are many detailed texts of echo available, aimed primarily at
cardiologists and those performing echo examinations, such as cardiac
technicians, there are few simply introductory texts.
This book aims to provide a practical and clinically useful introduction to
echo – much of which is easy – for those who will be using, requesting and
possibly interpreting it in the future. The book is aimed particularly at doctors
in training and medical students. It is also hoped that it may be of interest to
other groups – established physicians, surgeons and general practitioners, cardiac
technicians, nurses and paramedics.
It aims to explain the echo techniques available, what an echo can and can’t
give, and – importantly – puts echo into a clinical perspective. It is by no means
intended as a complete textbook of echo and some aspects are far beyond its
scope (e.g. complex congenital heart disease and paediatric echo).
This new edition has become necessary because of advances in
echocardiography over the past six years. New sections have been added on
device therapy for heart failure (cardiac resynchronization therapy, CRT) and the
use of echo and transoesophageal echo (TOE or TEE) in special situations such
as intraoperatively and in critically ill patients. The section on diastolic function
has been expanded with the addition of tissue Doppler imaging, and the section
on pericardial disease has been made more detailed. There are expanded sections
on newer echo techniques such as 3-D echo, stress echo and contrast echo and a
new section on pulmonary embolism. Special clinical situations now include
echo changes with advanced age, the athletic heart, obesity and diet drugs.
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P reface
The aim has been to keep the book around the same length as the previous
edition, but inevitably there has been some increase due to new fi gures and text.
Full colour illustrations are used throughout for this new edition.
Sam Kaddoura
London
2008
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Acknowledgements
I am grateful to Professor A. R. Kaddoura and Dr N. Shamaa for their enormous
help in the preparation of the book. I also should like to thank Dr Phil Carrillo,
Dr Gerry Carr-White, Dr Michael Henein, Dr Rohan Jagathesan, Mrs Johan
Carberry, Mrs Myrtle Crathern, Mrs Renomee Porten, Mrs Sonia Williams, Dr
Sanjay Prasad, Mrs Denise Udo and Dr Ihab Ramzy. I am also very grateful to
Miss Natalie McDonnell, Dr Jamil Mayet, Dr Rakesh Sharma, Dr Wei Li, Miss
Beth Unsworth and Mr Graham Clark. Last but not least, many thanks to Mrs
Janice Urquhart, Ms Christine Johnston and Mr Laurence Hunter of Elsevier for
their support and patience!
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