Table Of ContentEast-West Scientific Co-operation
Science and Technology Policy of the Baltic States and
International Co-operation
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Series 4: Science and Technology Polley - Vol. 15
East-West Scientific
Co-operation
Science and Technology Policy
of the Baltic States
and International Co-operation
edited by
Kazimiera Prunskiene
Lithuanian European Institute,
Vilnius, Lithuania
and
Elmar Altvater
Free University,
Berlin, Germany
Springer Science+Business Media, BV.
Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on
Science and Technology Policy of the Baltic States and International Co-operation
Vilnius, Lithuania
October 3-6, 1996
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress
ISBN 978-94-010-6365-4 ISBN 978-94-011-5612-7 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-5612-7
Printed an acid-free paper
AII Rights Reserved
© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1997
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1997
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photo
copying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written
permission from the copyright owner.
CONTENTS
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS ....................................................................................................................... vii
INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 1
THE MECHANISMS OF REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION IN THE SPHERES OF
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Kazimiera Prunskiene .......•..•..•......•.......•.•.•.....•.•..•....•..•.....•..•.....•.......•..•.••........•.•.....•.••....•.•.....•...•...•.•........ 7
INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS AND SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
Elmar Altvater ............................................................................................................................................... 15
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGICAL POLICIES OF THE BALTIC STATES INTERNATIONAL CO
OPERATION
Mindaugas Stankevifus ...•..•.••....•.••.•......•.••..•.•..•........•••.••.............•............•••.........................•......•............... 29
THE INTEGRATION PROBLEMS OF THE BALTIC STATES: POSSIBILITIES FOR THE FORMATION
OF A UNIFIED TECHNOLOGICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND SOCIAL SPACE
Borisas Melnikas ..........•.............•..•..•..•..•.......•................•..•..•..•..••.........•..•.........•..........•...••..•...•.................. 33
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGICAL POLICY IN LITHUANIA AND POSSIBILITIES FOR THE
INTRODUCTION OF NEW METHODS
Asta Lapinskiene ......................................................................................................................................... 53
STRA TEGIC 1M PLICA TIONS FOR THE INTERACTION BETWEEN INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENT AND SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY:
The case of the countries in transition
Klaus-Heinrich Standke ........•......••...••..•.••.........••.........•...•.............•........•..••.....•••••..•••.•...•..•..............•........ 55
ON ECONOMIC CULTURE AND DEVELOPMENT WITH SPECIAL REGARD TO THE ROLE OF
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE PROCESS OF TRANSFORM A TION IN CENTRALEASTERN
EUROPE
Arndt Hopfmann ......•..•.•..•.........................................•.........................................•..•..................................... 87
POSSIBLE FORMS OF CO-OPERATION IN ENERGY POLICIES BETWEEN WESTERN AND
BALTIC COUNTRIES
Lutz Mez ........•.......•.......•..•..........•.......••••..•..........•.....•.....•..•.....................•................................................... 93
INTERNA TlONAL COOPERATION IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES.
The Case of Western Europe and the Baltic States
Erika Schwefel ............•..•..•..................•••••...........................•...•..•............•••...•...•.....•.........•...•..................... 107
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL POTENTIAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELORUS AND POSSIBILITIES
OF CO-OPERATION WITH THE BALTIC AND WEST EUROPEAN STATES
V. Rusakevich .....•.......•........•....•.•.•.••.•••..••••.....•..•..•......•..•..••.•..•............•.....•..•........•................................... 119
v
vi
UTILIZATION OF THE LA TEST TECHNOLOGIES FOR WORKING OUT METHODS OF
INFORMA TION WARFARE AND ITS POSSIBLE CONSEQUENCES
V.D. Nozdratchov ........................................................................................................................................ 125
POSSIBLE TRENDS OF TERRORISM DEVELOPMENT CAUSED BY SPREAD OF NON-FATAL
WEAPONS AND TECHNOLOGIES OF DOUBLE APPLICATION: PROBLEMS OF JOINT CONTROL
V.D. Nozdratchov ........................................................................................................................................ 129
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGICAL POLICY IN THE UKRAINE: EUROPEAN AND REGIONAL
ASPECTS
Nykola Baltazhi ........................................................................................................................................... 133
DYNAMICS OF SCIENTIFIC POTENTIAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELORUS AND THE PROBLEM
OF BRAIN DRAIN: SHORT TERM AND LONG TERM TRENDS
Leonid Zaiko ................................................................................................................................................ 141
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CO-OPERATION: THE ROLE OF THE U.S. OFFICE OF NAVAL
RESEARCH EUROPE
Stuart J.D. Schwartzstein ........................................................................................................................... 145
Index ............................................................................................................................................................. 149
List of Contributors
KAZIMIERA PRUNSKlENE
Former Prime Minister of the Republic of Lithuania
President of The Lithuanian-European Institute
Vilniaus St. 45-13, 2001 Vilnius, Lithuania
PROF. DR. ELMARALTVATER
Free University of Berlin, Department of Political Science
Ihnestr. 21, D-14I95 Berlin, Germany
MR. MINDAUGAS STANKEVIEIUS
Prime Minister of the Republic of Lithuania
MR. V. RUSAKEVICH
Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic ofBelorus
PROF. DR. BORISAS MELNIKAS
Vilnius Gedirninas Technical University
SauH!tekio AI. 11,2600 Vilnius, Lithuania
DR. ASTA LAPINSKlENE
Klaipeda University
DR. KLAUS-HEINRICH STANDKE
President of Intemationale Akademie Schloss Baruth
Taubchenstrasse 1, D-I4I63 Berlin (Zehlendorf), Germany
DR. .ARNDT HOPFMANN
Free University of Berlin
Ihnestr. 21, D-14I95 Berlin, Germany
LEONID F: ZAIKO
Director of the Institute ofIndependent Research, NCSI "East -West"
Minsk, Republic of Belarus
V.D. NOZDRATCHOV
President, Jupiter Stock Company
Krestovskij Pr.9, P.O. Box 934,
197042 Saint Petersburg, Russia
vii
viii
ERIKA SCHWEFEL
GESIS
Schiffbauer Damm 19, D-l 0 11 7 Berlin, Germany
DR. LUTZMEZ
Free University of Berlin
Schwendener Str. 53, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
DR. NYKOLA BALTAZHI
Counsellor of the Embassy of the Republic of Ukraine in Lithuania
MR. STUART J.D. SCHWARTZSTEIN
US Office of Naval Research Europe
Edison House,223/231 Old Marylebone Road,London NWl, United Kingdom
INTRODUCTION
Science and Technology Policy of the Baltic States and International Co-operation
NATO SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM
OCTOBER 3-6,1996, VILNIUS
This workshop was attended by approximately 40 of the 70 participants who had
applied for inscription and temporarily took part in the workshop's deliberations.
The 20 key speakers, which prepared presentations, came from Lithuania (5),
Latvia (1), Estonia (1), Belorus (2), Russia (1), Ukraine (1), the USA (2), France
(1), and Germany (6). Some of the texts of the presentations were distributed in
advance. The working languages of the workshop were Lithuanian, Russian, and
English.
The State of Science and Technology in the Baltic Region
The topics discussed were science and technology policy of the Baltic States and
other former Soviet Union countries, and co-operation with the West. Some
reports gave and overview of the science and technology potential of the concerned
states and on science and technology policy performed by the governments after
independence more than five years ago. Others attempted to assess science and
technology and the potential for future economic and social development. It is a
common feature of all former Soviet Union countries that the past is a heavy
heritage other to centralisation of the scientific personnel, separation of research
from teaching activities at universities, a concentration of certain branches of
technology in different parts of the former Soviet Union, so that the newly
independent Baltic States dispose on a heavily one-sided technology and science
potential. Lithuania, for instance, inherited large parts of the electronics industry
of the former Soviet Union. But, since industrial production after independence
declined, the necessary linkages between industrial production and the sector of
technology and science have been cut, so that it is now rather difficult to revitalise
the technological potential. It is also a problem that the financial crises of the
newly independent Baltic States does not allow supporting universities and R + D
institutions, may they be publicly or privately organised. The speakers had
mentioned, that the S+ T priorities, formulated by the governments, are not
supported enough by the evaluation of the international market and real
possibilities for entering into it.
K. Prunskiene and E. Altvater (eds.), East-West Scientific Co-operation, 1-5.
© 1997 Kluwer Academic Publishers.
