Earth Magnetism: A Guided Tour Through Magnetic Fields (2001)(1st ed.)(en)(151s)

179 Pages·2001·10.05 MB·English

by  Wallace H. Campbell

Earth Magnetism
A Guided Tour through Magnetic Fields
This Page Intentionally Left Blank
Complementary Science Series
[m
2000/2001
The Physical Basis of Chemistry, 2nd Edition
Warren S. Warren
Physics in Biology and Medicine, 2nd Edition
Paul Davidovits
Introduction to Relativity
John Kogut
The Human Genome, 2nd Edition
R. Scott Hawley I~ Julia Richards I~ Catherine Mori
1999
Chemistry Connections
Kerry Karukstis I~ Gerald Van Hecke
Mathematics for Physical Chemistry, 2nd Edition
Robert Mortimer
Fundamentals of Quantum Mechanics
J.E. House
www.harcourt-ap.com
This Page Intentionally Left Blank
Earth Magnetism
A Guided Tour through Magnetic Fields
Wallace Hall Campbell
Boulder, Colorado
[I/
...................
A Harcourt Science and Technology Company
San Diego San Francisco New York Boston London Sydney Tokyo
Sponsoring Editor Jeremy Hayhurst
Production Managers Joanna Dinsmore and Andre Cuello
Editorial Coordinator Nora Donaghy
Marketing Manager Marianne Rutter
Cover Design G. B. D. Smith
Copyeditor Julie Nemer
Proofreader Cheryl Uppling
Preproduction Supplinc
Composition Archetype Publishing, Inc.
Printer Bertelsmann Industry Services, Inc.
Series logo: Images (cid:14)9 2000 PhotoDisc, Inc.
This book is printed on acid-free paper. (~
Copyright (cid:14)9 2001 by HARCOURT/ACADEMIC PRESS
All Rights Reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information
storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be mailed to:
Permissions Department, Harcourt, Inc., 6277 Sea Harbor Drive,
Orlando Florida 32887-6777
Academic Press
A Harcourt Science and Technology Company
525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, California 92101-4495, U.S.A.
http://www.academicpress.com
Academic Press
Harcourt Place, 32 Jamestown Road, London NW 1 7BY, UK
http://www.academicpress.com
Harcourt/Academic Press
A Harcourt Science and Technology Company
200 Wheeler Road, Burlington, Massachusetts 01803
http://www.harcourt-ap.com
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 00-108261
Intemational Standard Book Number: 0-12-158164-0
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
00 01 02 03 04 05 BS 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
A wonder of such nature I experienced as a child of 4 or 5 years, when my
father showed me a compass. That this needle behaved in such a determined
way did not at all fit into the nature of events, which could find a place in the
unconscious world of concepts (effect connected with direct 'touch'). I can
still remember--or at least I believe I can remember--that this experience
made a deep and lasting impression upon me. Something deeply hidden had
to be behind things.
Albert Einstein
This Page Intentionally Left Blank
Contents
Foreword xiii
Preface xv
Acknowledgments xxi
1 Nature's Magnetism 1
1.1 Finding the Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Historical Tour Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2.1 Compass Origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2.2 Global Explorations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2.3 Geomagnetism Patriarchs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Gilbert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Halley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Faraday . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Gauss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Maxwell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Chapman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.3 Local Language Dictionary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.3.1 Earth Fields, Steady and Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.3.2 Forces at Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.3.3 Measuring Scales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.3.4 Locating the Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.3.5 Nature's Basic Particles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Atoms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
ix