Table Of ContentCover
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EAGC Course Book on Colposcopy
FIRST EDITION
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“This book is dedicated to our wives,
Ildikó and Gabrielle and to our children, Domonkos and
Boldizsár Bősze and
Alice and Megan Luesley, whose support
and patience made this endeavor possible.”
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European Academy of Gynaecological Cancer (EAGC) Book Series
Founding Editor and EditorinChief Péter Bősze, Budapest, Hungary
EAGC Course Book on Colposcopy
PRIMEDX PRESS
BUDAPEST
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EDITED BY
PÉTER BŐSZE, MD, PhD, DSc
Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Saint Stephan Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
Chairman of the European Academy of Gynaecological Cancer, EAGC
and
DAVID M.LUESLEY, MA, MD, FRCOG
Professor of Gynaecological Oncology
Director, Department of Gynaecologic Oncology
Birmingham Women’s Health Care, NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
with 33 additional contributors
PRIMEDX PRESS
BUDAPEST
Published by PRIMEDX PRESS, Budapest, Hungary
(1301 Budapest, P.O. Box 46, Fax: 36 1 4290318, Email: mail@primedX.hu)
Managing Editor: Terézia Barabás, Presscon, Production Manager: Boldizsár Bősze,
Design conception: Csaba Heltai. Layout: Gábor Kardos. Language editing: Liz Dollery, BSCCP Coordinator
and Simon Thomas. Figures’ preparation: Lajos Megyeri Jr. Technical assistance: Domonkos Bősze, Printed:
Visit Kft. Budapest, Hungary
The emblem, designed by László Mátyássy, symbolizes a transition related to the female genital system, such as
gynaecological cancer of unknown outcome. It is composed of an octogon and a mandorla. Octogon means eight,
which is the number of transition (renewal, rebirth), the mandorla is an almondshape aureole representing the
vulva.
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis eLibrary, 2005.
To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.
Copyright © 2003 by PrimedX Press
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted,
in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise—without the prior
permission of the publisher, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews.
Great care has been taken to maintain the accuracy of information contained in this volume. However, neither
the PrimedX Press nor the editors can be held responsible for errors or for any consequences arising from the
use of information contained in this book.
World Wide Web: http://www.cme.hu
ISBN 0203005287 Master ebook ISBN
ISBN 963 00 7356 0 (Print Edition)
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Introduction to the European Academy of Gynaecological Cancer, EAGC, Book
Series
THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF GYNAECOLOGICAL CANCER, EAGC, is a European educational organization for comprehensive training and education in
gynaecological oncology in Europe. For management and financial reasons, the EAGC has been established and is being managed by the European Academy of
Gynaecological Cancer Foundation (EAGCF; officially registered in Budapest, Hungary). Due to this status, the EAGC is a nonprivate, nonprofit, nongovernmental
and independent corporation without any financial commitment. Any financial resources, funds and assets in the context of EAGC shall be vested in the EAGCF. The
EAGCF is a nonprivate, nonprofit, nongovernmental and independent foundation.
A comprehensive training programme includes subspecialty training (equivalent to the fellowship program in USA) and continuing medical education/professional
development (CME/CPD) in gynaecological oncology, which involves benign tumours and malignant diseases of the female genital tract and breasts.
The EAGC is comprised of a permanent central administrative office, “the Headquarters,” and the accredited Training Centres throughout Europe called EAGC
Training Centres. The EAGC has an Executive Board, an International Advisory Board and offices.
One of the objectives of the EAGC missions is to launch a book series on educational and training materials in topics related to gynaecological oncology. This
volume is the first edition of this series.
It is the intention of EAGC to establish a European Certificate in Colposcopy. The European Federation for Colposcopy and Pathology of the Lower Genital Tract
(EFC) has set up a competencebased Core Curriculum on Colposcopy, which serves as the basis of the European Certificate in Colposcopy. The present book
provides detailed knowledge for this endeavour and can be used for courses and individual education in the field.
We trust that this edition will be useful for those who are interested not only in colposcopy but in the diseases of the female genital tract. We do hope the joint efforts
of the 35 authors will contribute to improve Women’s Health Care.
Peter Bősze David M.Luesley
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Foreward
Worldwide, cancer of the cervix is one of the most common causes of death in women. Each death is a tragedy, not only because usually the women are young, but
because they leave behind young families. It is a further tragedy that, although cancer of the cervix is a disease which has almost been eradicated in countries which
have introduced screening programmes, it remains the second or third most common cause of death in women in developing countries. As gynaecologists, it is our
responsibility to give the best possible care to women and to that end we have a responsibility to reduce deaths from cervical cancer. We can sympathise with
colleagues who work in countries where there are too few doctors for too many patients, and where the national budget for healthcare is limited. On the other hand,
prevention of cervical cancer will, in the longterm, prove much cheaper and more beneficial than trying to treat cancer once it is already established.
Whatever type of screening programme is adopted, such as cervical cytology or visual inspection with acetic acid, or a combination of both (or in the future
electronic realtime devices or possibly HPV screening), colposcopy is the key to eradicating this largely preventable disease.
Basic colposcopy can be learned fairly easily provided the clinician has a good basic training, which includes an understanding not only of colposcopy, but cytology
and histopathology. The relationship between the various disciplines is a symbiotic relationship in as much as each is interdependent upon the other.
The role of colposcopy is simple—it should identify areas of premalignant disease, which if removed completely, will more or less guarantee that the woman will not
die from cervical cancer.
Ideally the colposcopist should be seeing patients who are known to have an abnormal screening test or who have a clinically suspicious cervix, but in some countries
colposcopy will be used as the primary screening procedure. However it is used, the colposcopist should bear in mind that the objective of every gynaecologist is to
give the best possible quality of care available. To do this the colposcopist needs to identify how the highest quality service can be given, and then to deliver that
service, but to remember that the third stage in providing a quality service is to be able to prove that the service given is, in fact, of the highest quality. To that end, audit
of one’s own practice is vital.
This book, edited by Peter Bősze and David Luesley, is a valuable training manual. Each author has been carefully chosen because of their special skills in their
particular field and the book covers thoroughly everything which a trainee colposcopist needs to know and everything that a trained colposcopist needs to remember.
Cancer of the cervix can be beaten—if each of us waits for someone else to find a way then the battle will never be won!! It is the personal responsibility of all of us
as gynaecologists to ensure that a skilled colposcopy service is available to all those women who need it.
J A Jordan
President, European Federation for Colposcopy
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Contributors
PÉTER BŐSZE, MD, PhD, DSc
Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Saint Stephan Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
KAREN CANFELL, BE (Hons)
European Clinical and Scientific Director
Polartechnics (UK) Limited, Oxford, UK.
MONTSE CARARACH, MD
Assistant Professor of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
Institut Universitari Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain
SWEE CHONG QUEK, MRCOG
Obstetrician & Gynaecologist
Gynaecologic Oncology Unit
KK Women’s & Children’s Hospital
Singapore
CARL CHOW, BSc MRCOG
Clinical Research Fellow
Department of Gynaecologic Oncology
Whittington Hospital, London, UK
MAGGIE CRUICKSHANK, MBChB, MRCOG, MD
Senior Lecturer in Gynaecology Oncology
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, Scotland
MARIA TERESA CUSIDÓ, MD
Assistant Professor of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
Institut Universitari Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain
MARIA JOSE DE CAMARGO, MD
Professor of Gynaecology and Colposcopy
Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz
Gynaecology Department of Instituto Fernandes Figueira
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
GIUSEPPE DE PALO, MD
Professor of Gynaecology
Director, Division of Preventive Medicine
Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
SANTIAGO DEXEUS, MD
Professor of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
Director, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
Institut Universitari Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain
IAN D.DUNCAN, MB, ChB, FRCOG
Reader in Gynaecology
University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
IAN J.ETHERINGTON, MD, MRCOG
Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
City Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
THERESA FREEMANWANG, MRCOG
Consultant Gynaecologist and Honorary Senior Lecturer
Department of Women’s Health
Whittington Hospital, London, UK
VALERIE HARPER, MD
Consultant Gynaecologist
Department of Gynaecology
Monklands Hospital, Lanarkshire, UK
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THEO J.M.HELMERHORST, MD
Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Director, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
University Hospital Rotterdam,
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
ELLEN H.HOPMAN, MD
Assistant Professor of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
University Hospital Rotterdam,
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
JOE JORDAN, MD, FRCOG
President, European Federation of Colposcopy
Medical Director, Birmingham Women’s Hospital
Birmingham, UK
VESNA KESIC, MD, PhD
Associate Professor of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
University Clinical Centre, Beograd, Yugoslavia
HENRY C.KITCHENER, MD FRCS(Glas) FRCOG
Professor of Gynaecological Oncology
Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, UK
ALBERTO DE BARROS LOPES, MRCOG
Consultant Gynaecological Oncologist
Northem Gynaecological Oncology Centre
Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Gateshead, UK
DAVID M.LUESLEY, MA, MD, FRCOG
Professor of Gynaecological Oncology
Department of Gynaecologic Oncology
Birmingham Women’s Health Care, NHS Trust,
Birmingham, UK
JOHN M.MONAGHAN, MB, FRCS (Ed), FRCOG
Senior Lecturer in Gynaecological Oncology
Northem Gynaecological Oncology Centre
Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Gateshead, UK
SALONEY NAZEER, MD
Médecin Consultant, Chargée d’Enseignement
WHO Collaborating Centre
for Research in Human Reproduction
University Hospital of Geneva,
Geneva, Switzerland
HELLMUTH PICKEL, MD, MIAC
Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gyanecology
Division of Conservative Gynecological Oncology
University of Graz, Graz, Austria
WALTER PRENDIVILLE, MAO FRCOG FRACOG
Associate Professor, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Department of Gynaecology
Coombe Women’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
CHARLES W.E.REDMAN, MD, FRCS(Ed), FRCOG
Consultant in Gynaecology
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
North Staffordshire Hospital,
StokeonTrent, UK
ANDREA SAS, MD
Assistant Professor of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
Institut Universitari Dexeus, Barcelona Spain
MAHMOOD I.SHAFI, MD, DA, MRCOG
Consultant Gynaecological Surgeon and Oncologist
Department of Gynaecology
Birmingham Women’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK