Dynamics of deflagrations and reactive systems : technical papers presented from the Twelfth International Colloquium on Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan, July 1989

439 Pages·1989·16.96 MB·English

by  A L Kuhl

Dynamics of Deflagrations
and Reactive Systems:
Flames
Edited by
A. L. Kuhl
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Los Angeles, California
J.-C. Leyer
Universite de Poitiers
Poitiers, France
A. A. Borisov
USSR Academy of Sciences
Moscow, USSR
W. A. Sirignano
University of California
Irvine, California
Volume 131
PROGRESS IN
ASTRONAUTICS AND AERONAUTICS
A. Richard Seebass, Editor-in-Chief
University of Colorado at Boulder
Boulder, Colorado
Technical papers presented from the Twelfth International Colloquium on
Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan, July
1989, and subsequently revised for this volume.
Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.,
370 L'Enfant Promenade, SW, Washington, DC 20024-2518.
American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Washington, D.C.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication data
International Colloquium on Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive
Systems (12th : 1989 : Ann Arbor, Mien.)
Dynamics of deflagrations and reactive systems—flames / edited by A.L. Kuhl ...
[etal.].
p. cm.—(Progress in astronautics and aeronautics; v. 131)
"Technical papers presented from the Twelfth International Colloquium on
Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan, July 1989,
and subsequently revised for this volume."
Includes index.
ISBN 0-930403-95-9
1. Flame—Congresses. 2. Gas dynamics—Congresses.
I. Kuhl, A. L. II. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
III. Title. IV. Series.
TL507.P75 vol. 131 [QD516] 629.1 s—dc20 [541.3'61] 91-7931
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Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics
Editor-in-Chief
A. Richard Seebass
University of Colorado at Boulder
Editorial Board
Richard G. Bradley John L. Junkins
General Dynamics Texas A&M University
John R. Casani John E. Keigler
California Institute of Technology General Electric Company
Jet Propulsion Laboratory Astro-Space Division
Alien E. Fuhs Daniel P. Raymer
Carmel, California Lockheed Aeronautical Systems
Company
George J. Gleghorn
77? W Space Joseph F. Shea
and Technology Group Massachusetts Institute
of Technology
Dale B. Henderson
Los Alamos National Laboratory Martin Summerfield
Princeton Combustion Research
Carolyn L. Huntoon Laboratories, Inc.
NASA Johnson Space Center
Charles E. Treanor
Reid R. June Arvin/Calspan
Boeing Military Airplane Company Advanced Technology Center
Norma J. Brennan
Director, Editorial Department
AIAA
Jeanne Godette
Series Managing Editor
AIAA
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Table of Contents
Preface................................................................................. xvii
Chapter I. Ignition Dynamics...................................................... I
Detailed Numerical Modeling of H -O Ignition by Hot Spots...............3
2 2
U. Maas and J. Warnatz, Universitdt Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
Ignition Phenomena in H-O Mixtures...........................................19
2 2
C. Trevino, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico
Ignition of Fresh Mixtures Injected into Burned Gases ......................44
S. Kadowaki, Y. Ohta, M. Furutani, and K. Terada, Nagoya Institute
of Technology, Nagoya, Japan, and H. Takahashi, Meijo University,
Nagoya, Japan
Analysis of Ignition Mechanism of Combustible Mixtures by
Short-Duration Sparks.............................................................55
M. Kono, K. Ishii, K. Niu, T. Tsukamoto, and Y. Ujiie, University of
Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Flat Plate Boundary Layer Ignition with Fuel Thermal Diffusion.........71
P. L. Garcia-Ybarra and J. L. Castillo, Universidad Nacional de
Educacion a Distancia, Madrid, Spain
Chapter II. Diffusion Flames and Shear Effects..............................87
Analysis of the Structure of Counterflow Hydrogen-Air
Diffusion Flames.....................................................................89
V. Tangirala and K. Seshadri, University of California, San Diego, La
Jolla, California, and C. Trevino, Universidad Nacional Autonoma
de Mexico, Mexico, and M. D. Smooke, Yale University, New
Haven, Connecticut
Flame Structure of Axisymmetric Hydrogen-Air Diffusion Flames...... Ill
S. Fukutani, N. Kunioshi, and H. Jinno, Kyoto University,
Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
Numerical Modeling of the Structure and Properties of Tubular
Strained Laminar Premixed Flames.......................................... 125
G. Dixon-Lewis, University of Leeds, Leeds, England, United
Kingdom, and V. Giovangigli, Ecole Poly technique et CNRS,
Palaiseau, France, and R. J. Kee and J. A. Miller, Sandia National
Laboratories, Livermore, California, and B. Rogg, University of
Cambridge, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom, and M. D.
Smooke, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, and G. Stahl
and J. Warnatz, Universitat Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
Simulation of Partially Premixed Methane-Air Counterflow-Diffusion
Flames and Comparison with Experimental Results ..................... 145
F. Behrendt and J. Warnatz, Universitat Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
Extinction of Premixed Curved Flames Stabilized in a
Stagnation Flow.................................................................... 161
K. Asato, H. Nagata, and T. Kawamura, Gifu University, Gifu,
Japan, and K. Mabuchi, Sanyo Electric Company, Ltd., Osaka,
Japan, and T. Ban, Nippondenso Company, Ltd., Kariya, Japan
Chapter III. Dynamics of Flames and Shear Layers ...................... 177
Dynamics of an Unsteady Diffusion Flame: Effects of Heat Release
and Viscosity ....................................................................... 179
J. L. Ellzey, K. J. Laskey, and E. S. Oran, Naval Research
Laboratory, Washington, DC
Dynamics of Turbulent Diffusion Flame Surface............................. 193
H. Yamashita, G. Kushida, and T. Takeno, Nagoya University,
Nagoya, Japan
Structure of the Reaction Zone in a Reacting Mixing Layer.............. 220
A. F. Ghoniem, O. M. Knio, and G. Heidarinejad, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
Flow-Combustion Interactions in a Turbulent Jet ...........................237
A. F. Ghoniem and A. Krishnan, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
Chapter IV. Turbulent Flames ................................................. 257
Investigation on the Laminar and Turbulent Burning Velocities of
Premixed Lean and Rich Flames of CH-H-Air Mixtures .............259
4 2
Y. Liu, B. Lenze, and W. Leuckel, Universitat Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe,
Germany
Geometry Effects on Premixed Turbulent Propagating Flames ..........277
S. S. Ibrahim, R. S. Cant, and K. N. C. Bray, University of
Cambridge, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom
Multivariate PDF Closure Applied to Oxidation of CO in a
Turbulent Flow....................................................................288
E. Gutheil, Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Modeling Turbulent Reacting Flows: Detailed Chemical Reaction
Mechanisms and Sensitivity Analysis......................................... 303
H. Bockhorn, Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, Darmstadt,
Germany
Numerical Simulation of a Premixed Flame in a Turbulent
Boundary Layer ...................................................................317
B. Rogg, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, United
Kingdom
Chapter V. Flame Propagation in Combustion Engines.................. 333
Flame Imaging Studies of Flame Development in a
SI Four-Stroke Engine...........................................................335
S. C. Bates, General Motors Research Laboratories, Warren, Michigan
Flame Propagation Behavior in a Variable Hydrodynamic Constant
Volume Combustion Chamber.................................................378
A. Floch and M. Trinite, Universite de Rouen, Rouen, France, and F.
Fisson and T. Kageyama, Laboratoire d'Energetique et de
Detonique, URA 193 au CNRS, ENSMA, Poitiers, France and
C. H. Kwon and A. Pocheau, Universite de Provence, Marseille,
France
Effect of Turbulent Fluid Motion on Low-Temperature Autoignition
of Fuel-Air Mixture Under Piston Compression........................... 394
Y. Ohta, S. Kadowaki, and K. Terada, Nagoya Institute of
Technology, Nagoya, Japan, and H. Takahashi, Meijo University,
Nagoya, Japan
Experimental Study of N-Butane Autoignition in a Rapid
Compression Machine............................................................407
J. D. Gabano, T. Kageyama, and F. Fisson, Laboratoire
d'Energetique et de Detonique, URA 193 au CNRS, ENSMA,
Poitiers, France
Author Index for Volume 131..................................................... 418
List of Series Volumes ..............................................................419
Table of Contents for Companion Volume 132
Preface ......................................................................................................... xvii
Chapter I. Combustion of Dust-Air Mixtures.......................................................... 1
Deflagration and Detonation Combustion of Dust Mixtures ...........................................................3
P. Wolariski, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
Experiments on Unconfined Dust-Air Flames.............................................................................32
A. Makris, N. R. Valerio, and J. H. S. Lee, McGill University,
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Critical Dust Layer Thickness for Combustion of Grain Dust .......................................................51
K. Lebecki, J, Sliz, and Z. Dyduch, Experimental Mine "Barbara,"
Mikolow, Poland, and P. Wolariski, Warsaw University of
Technology, Warsaw, Poland
Particle Segregation Effects on the Combustion Safety of
Dust-Containing Systems....................................................................................................59
A. L. Berlad and V. Tangirala, University of California, San Diego,
La Jolla, California
Experimental Measurement of the Aerodynamic Entrainability of
Dust Deposits...................................................................................................................73
E. A. Ural, Factory Mutual Research Corporation, Norwood,
Massachusetts
Starch Dust Combustion Characteristics in a Closed
Spherical Vessel ...............................................................................................................93
L. Lemos and R. Bouriannes, Laboratoire d'Energetique et
Detonique, URA 193 au CNRS, ENSMA, Poitiers, France
Determination of Turbulence Parameters in Closed
Explosion Vessels............................................................................................................ 107
Y.-K. Pu, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China, and Y.-C. Li,
C. W. Kauffman, and L. P. Bernal, University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor, Michigan
Numerical Study on Gas-Solid Two-Phase Nozzle and Jet Flow................................................... 124
A. K. Hayashi, M. Matsuda, and T. Fujiwara, Nagoya University,
Nagoya, Japan
Vlll
Chapter II. Droplet Combustion........................................................................ 137
New Apparatus and its Performance for Free Droplet Combustion
Under Microgravity........................................................................................................ 139
H. Hara and S. Kumagai, Noritz Corporation, Research Laboratory,
Tokyo, Japan
Water-Gas Shift Reaction in Droplet Burning.......................................................................... 150
I. K. Puri, P. A. Libby, and F. A. Williams, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California
Liquid-Waste Incineration in a Parallel-Stream Configuration:
Effect of Auxiliary Fuel................................................................................................... 164
J. P. Delplanque, R. H. Rangel, and W. A. Sirignano, University of
California, Irvine, California
Spray Dynamics and Fuel Vapor Distributions in a Spinning
Combustion Chamber...................................................................................................... 187
G. Avital, J. B. Greenberg, Y. Tambour, and Y. M. Timnat,
Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
Ignition of Liquid Fuel Drops in Shock Waves.........................................................................205
V. M. Boiko, V. V. Lotov, and A. N. Papyrin, USSR Academy of
Sciences, Novosibirsk, USSR
Chapter III. Combustion At Solid and Liquid Surfaces..........................................221
Oxidation of a Porous Graphite Cylinder with Airflow Through a
Coaxial Hole..................................................................................................................223
M. B. Richards and S. S. Penner, University of California, San Diego,
La Jolla, California
Premixed Flame in a Radiatively Active Porous Medium Under the
External Radiant Heating................................................................................................. 248
S. W. Back and J. S. Kim, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and
Technology, Seoul, Korea
Major Factors Influencing Flame Spreading Over Solid Fuel Layer .............................................261
J. Fangrat, Building Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland, and
P. Wolanski, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
Combustion Kinetic of a Homogeneous Double Base Propellant:
Pseudo-Detailed and Global Mechanism ..............................................................................275
F. Faddoul, J. M. Most, and P. Joulain, Universite de Poitiers,
Laboratoire de Chimie Physique de la Combustion, Poitiers, France
Radiative Heat Flux and Energy Balance at the Surface of a Small
Scale Kerosene Pool Fire.................................................................................................. 297
A. Bouhafid and J. P. Vantelon, Universite de Poitiers, Laboratoire
de Chimie Physique de la Combustion, Poitiers, France
Velocity and Temperature Measurements in a Bidimensional Pool
Fire: Influence of a Vertical Wall Close to the Fire................................................................ 314
M. Annarumma, J. M. Most, and P. Joulain, Universite de Poitiers,
Laboratoire de Chimie Physique de la Combustion, Poitiers, France
Chapter IV. Combustion Diagnostics.................................................................. 339
Fluorescence Measurements in Laminar Nonpremixed Flames
of CH4/N2....................................................................................................................341
A. R. Masri, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
and R. W. Dibble, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California