Dwight Eisenhower and American Foreign Policy During the 1960s: An American Lion in Winter

149 Pages·2015·2.247 MB·English

by  Richard M. Filipink Jr.

Dwight Eisenhower and American
Foreign Policy during the 1960s

Dwight Eisenhower and American
Foreign Policy during the 1960s
An American Lion in Winter
Richard M. Filipink Jr.
LEXINGTONBOOKS
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Filipink,RichardM.,Jr.
DwightEisenhowerandAmericanforeignpolicyduringthe1960s:anAmericanlioninwinter/
RichardM.FilipinkJr.
pagescm
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978-1-4985-0679-3(cloth:alk.paper)--ISBN978-1-4985-0680-9(electronic)
1.Eisenhower,DwightD.(DwightDavid),1890-1969--Influence.2.UnitedStates--Foreignrela-
tions--1961-1963.3.UnitedStates--Foreignrelations--1963-1969.I.Title.
E841.F462015
327.73009'04--dc23
2014041402
TMThepaperusedinthispublicationmeetstheminimumrequirementsofAmerican
NationalStandardforInformationSciencesPermanenceofPaperforPrintedLibrary
Materials,ANSI/NISOZ39.48-1992.
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vii
INTRODUCTION ix
1 EISENHOWERADMINISTRATIONFOREIGNPOLICY:
ANOVERVIEW 1
2 KENNEDYANDEISENHOWER:UNEASYBEGINNINGS 19
3 THECRISISYEARS:1961–1963 33
4 TRANSITIONANDREELECTION:LBJAND
EISENHOWER1963–1964 63
5 JOHNSON,EISENHOWER,ANDVIETNAM1965 71
6 MUTUALDECLINE:LBJandIKE1966–1968 95
7 CONCLUSION 111
WORKSCITED 119
Index 129
AbouttheAuthor 133
v

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Work on this book has benefitted from assistance from myriad sources
thatmustbeacknowledged,startingwiththethreepresidentiallibraries
at which I did research. The Dwight D. Eisenhower Library in Abilene,
Kansaswasthestartingpointforobtainingtherecordsofthepost-presi-
dentialcareeroftheLibrary’snamesake.Facilitatingmytravel,theEisen-
hower World Affairs Institute provided two much appreciated Abilene
TravelGrants;attheLibrary,myresearchwasadvancedwiththehelpof
archivistsDr.JamesLeyerzapfandBonitaMulanax.
TheJohnF.KennedyFoundationprovidedaMarjorieKovlerFellow-
ship and a Kennedy Library Research Grant which helped defray the
costs of research at the John F. Kennedy Library, for which I am very
grateful.WorkattheKennedyLibraryhelpeddeepenmyunderstanding
of the impact Eisenhower had on his immediate successor, an under-
standingassistedbythearchivistsinthereadingroom.Imustalsothank
the late Clark Clifford for allowing me access to his oral history inter-
views and papers, as well as the late C. Douglas Dillon for allowing
accesstohispapers.
TheLyndonBainesJohnsonFoundationalsoprovidedtwogratefully
received Moody Grants which defrayed the expenses of my research in
the Lyndon B. Johnson Library in Austin, Texas. Archivists Linda M.
Seelke, Regina Greenwell, Charlaine McCauley, and Michael Parrish all
assisted me in gaining knowledge of how often and deeply Johnson
lookedtohisRepublicanpredecessorforsupportandguidance.
Without General Andrew Goodpaster, most of the information on
contacts between President Johnson and General Eisenhower would not
exist. His detailed memos provide insight into what Johnson and Eisen-
hower were trying to accomplish. General Goodpaster also graciously
offered his time to answer my questions about his services as liaison
betweenthetwopresidents,forwhichIamextremelygrateful.
Western Illinois University provided a University Research Council
Grant.
AtLexingtonPress,firstErinWalpolethenEmilyFrazzetteandEthan
Feinsteinhelpedbringthemanuscripttoitscompletion.
My parents have always been supportive of my love of history and
choiceofprofession.
This work is dedicated to my beautiful, patient, and understanding
wife,Michelle,andmywonderfultreasureofadaughter,Gabrielle.
vii
viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Ofcourse,allinterpretationsandmistakesaremyown.