Dust in the Galactic Environment

323 Pages·2022·44.975 MB·English

by  Douglas Whittet

Dust in the Galactic Environment
(Third Edition)
AAS Editor in Chief
Ethan Vishniac, Johns Hopkins University, Maryland, USA
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Editorial Advisory Board
Steve Kawaler Joan Najita
Iowa State University, USA National Optical Astronomy
Observatory, USA
Ethan Vishniac
Johns Hopkins University, USA Stacy Palen
Weber State University, USA
Dieter Hartmann
Clemson University, USA Jason Barnes
University of Idaho, USA
Piet Martens
Georgia State University, USA James Cordes
Cornell University, USA
Dawn Gelino
NASA Exoplanet Science Institute,
Caltech, USA

Dust in the Galactic Environment
(Third Edition)
D C B Whittet
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
IOP Publishing, Bristol, UK
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ISBN 978-0-7503-3275-0(ebook)
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ISBN 978-0-7503-3276-7(myPrint)
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DOI 10.1088/2514-3433/ac7204
Version:20220901
AAS–IOPAstronomy
ISSN2514-3433(online)
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Coverimage:SkiesaboveESO’sParanalObservatory.Imagecredit:ESO/P.Horálek.
To my grandson, Edward (b. 2019).
May he and his generation inherit a habitable world.

Contents
Preface xv
Acknowledgments xvi
Author biography xvii
1 Astrophysical Dust: An Overview 1-1
1.1 Introduction 1-1
1.2 Methods of Investigation 1-3
1.2.1 Interstellar Extinction 1-4
1.2.2 The Reddening of Starlight 1-5
1.2.3 New Light in the Infrared 1-7
1.2.4 Interstellar Polarization 1-8
1.2.5 Spectral Features 1-8
1.2.6 Where the Atoms Went 1-9
1.2.7 Gathering It All Together: Mathematical Models 1-10
1.3 Interstellar Environments 1-11
1.3.1 The Physical State of the Interstellar Medium 1-11
1.3.2 Interstellar Clouds 1-15
1.3.3 HII Regions and Photodissociation Regions 1-17
1.3.4 The Interstellar Environment of the Solar System 1-19
1.4 Significance 1-22
1.4.1 From Cinderella to the Search for Origins 1-22
1.4.2 Dust in Astrochemistry 1-23
1.4.3 Dust as a Proxy for H 1-24
2
1.4.4 Dust as the Universal Thermal Regulator 1-25
1.4.5 Dust and Stellar Evolution 1-25
1.4.6 Starbursts and Luminous Infrared Galaxies 1-26
1.4.7 Back to Basics 1-27
References 1-28
2 The Interaction of Dust and Electromagnetic Radiation 2-1
2.1 Extinction 2-1
2.1.1 Extinction by Spherical Particles 2-1
2.1.2 Small-Particle Approximations 2-5
2.1.3 Albedo, Scattering Function, and Asymmetry Parameter 2-6
2.1.4 Absorption Features 2-7
2.1.5 Modeling Composite Grains 2-7
ix