Table Of Content

M T ASTER'S HESIS Multicast Routing in Mobile Adhoc Networks using Source Grouped Flooding by Karthikeyan Chandrashekar Advisor: Dr. John S. Baras CSHCN MS 2003-1 (ISR MS 2003-2) (cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:17)(cid:18)(cid:8)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:21)(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:4)(cid:22)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:23)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:25)(cid:4)(cid:14)(cid:25)(cid:4)(cid:12)(cid:4)(cid:22)(cid:26)(cid:11)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:25)(cid:28)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:25)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:3)(cid:8)(cid:21)(cid:14)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:4)(cid:11)(cid:28)(cid:12)(cid:21)(cid:3) (cid:5)(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:25)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:25)(cid:20)(cid:28)(cid:28)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:4)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:29)(cid:3)(cid:28)(cid:12)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:4)(cid:10)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:29)(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:25)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:30)(cid:29)(cid:31)(cid:29) !(cid:4)(cid:14)(cid:6)(cid:15)(cid:20)(cid:25)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:17)!(cid:4)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:10)(cid:9)(cid:4)"(cid:12)(cid:8)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:15)!(cid:4)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)#(cid:6)(cid:14)$(cid:3)(cid:8)(cid:25)(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:17) (cid:10)(cid:9)(cid:4)"(cid:12)(cid:8)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)%(cid:6)(cid:25)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:11)(cid:17)(cid:25)(cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:25)(cid:4)&(cid:3)(cid:25)(cid:3)(cid:12)(cid:8)(cid:21)(cid:2)’(cid:4)(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:14)(cid:25)(cid:4)(cid:15)(cid:10)(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:4)(cid:14)(cid:25)(cid:4)(cid:12)(cid:4)(cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:21)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:4)(cid:8)(cid:3)(cid:28)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:4)(cid:14)(cid:6)(cid:4)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:5)(cid:22) (cid:25)(cid:3)(cid:8)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:25)(cid:4)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:14)((cid:14)(cid:6)(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:6)((cid:4)(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:4)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)#(cid:6)(cid:14)$(cid:3)(cid:8)(cid:25)(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:4)(cid:10)(cid:9)(cid:4)"(cid:12)(cid:8)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:15)’ (cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:4)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:12)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:6)(cid:5)(cid:14)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:2)(cid:17)(cid:15)(cid:11)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:18)(cid:21)(cid:11) Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. 1. REPORT DATE 3. DATES COVERED 2003 2. REPORT TYPE - 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Multicast Routing in Mobile Adhoc Networks Using Source Grouped 5b. GRANT NUMBER Flooding 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency,3701 North Fairfax REPORT NUMBER Drive,Arlington,VA,22203-1714 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S ACRONYM(S) 11. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S REPORT NUMBER(S) 12. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The original document contains color images. 14. ABSTRACT see report 15. SUBJECT TERMS 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF 18. NUMBER 19a. NAME OF ABSTRACT OF PAGES RESPONSIBLE PERSON a. REPORT b. ABSTRACT c. THIS PAGE 120 unclassified unclassified unclassified Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18 ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: MULTICAST ROUTING IN MOBILE WIRELESS AD HOC NETWORKS USING SOURCE GROUPED FLOODING Degree candidate: Karthikeyan Chandrashekar Degree and year: Master of Science, 2002 Thesis directed by: Professor John S. Baras Department of Electrical Engineering Ad hoc networks are peer to peer, autonomous networks comprised of wireless mobile devices. The ease and speed of deployment of these networks makes them ideal for battlefield communications, disaster recovery and other such applications where fixed infrastructure is not readily available. Limited bandwidth, energy constraints and unpredictable network topologies pose difficult problems for the design ofapplicationsforthese networks. The lastcouple ofyears hasseen renewed research in this field. Specifically in unicast and multicast routing and security issues. In this thesis, we address the multicast routing problem for ad hoc networks. We present a novel multicast routing protocol called the source grouped flooding protocol. The protocol creates multicast routes between the source and group members based on hop count distance constraints. We also propose a probabilistic data forwarding mechanism to achieve efficient data dissemination. We present simulation results that capture the performance of our protocolagainst parameters that characterize an ad hoc network. We find that the protocol is robust against topology changes and achieves efficient data distribution. MULTICAST ROUTING IN MOBILE WIRELESS AD HOC NETWORKS USING SOURCE GROUPED FLOODING by Karthikeyan Chandrashekar Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science 2002 Advisory Committee: Professor John S. Baras, Chair Dr. Richard La Dr. Samrat Bhattacharjee (cid:1)c Copyright by Karthikeyan Chandrashekar 2002 DEDICATION To family and friends. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am grateful to my advisor, Professor John S. Baras for his advice, support and encouragement. I would also like to thank Dr. Richard La and Dr. Samrat Bhattacharjee for agreeing to serve on my committee and review the thesis. I would also like to thank Dinesh Dharamaraju, Gun Akkor, Ayan Roy Chowdhury and Prabha Ramachandran for their valuable suggestions and comments. I would like to thank my house mates Manikandan Ramasamy, Rakesh Bobba, Akshay Naik and Anand Gadre for their encouragement and patience. Finally, I am grateful for the support of my research work and graduate studies through the following contracts and grants (all with the University of Maryland- College Park); DARPA F3060200020510, DARPA MDA 9720010025, Telcordia 10073169, Lockheed Martin Corporation and the Maryland Industrial Partnership Program. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ix List of Figures x 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background and Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1.1 Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1.2 Multicasting in MANETs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.1.2.1 Multicast Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.1.2.2 Challenges in Ad Hoc Network Multicast Routing . 3 1.2 Contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.3 Organization of the Thesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2 Review of Related Work 8 2.1 Multicast Routing Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.1.1 Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP) . . . 9 2.1.2 On Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMRP) . . . . . 10 2.1.3 Core-Assisted Mesh Protocol (CAMP) . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 iv

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