Table Of ContentEric P. Holowka · Sujata K. Bhatia
Drug
Delivery
Materials Design and Clinical Perspective
Foreword by
Enrico G. Bellomo
Drug Delivery
Eric P. Holowka (cid:129) Sujata K. Bhatia
Drug Delivery
Materials Design and Clinical Perspective
Foreword by Enrico G. Bellomo
Eric P. Holowka Sujata K. Bhatia
DuPont Central Research and Development School of Engineering and Applied Science
Wilmington , USA Harvard University
Cambridge , MA , USA
ISBN 978-1-4939-1997-0 ISBN 978-1-4939-1998-7 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-1998-7
Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London
Library of Congress Control Number: 2014952080
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014
T his work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of
the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation,
broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information
storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology
now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection
with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifi cally for the purpose of being entered and
executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this
publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s
location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer.
Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations
are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law.
T he use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication
does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant
protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of
publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for
any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with
respect to the material contained herein.
Printed on acid-free paper
Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
About the Authors
Eric P. Holowka is a Senior Research Investigator with DuPont Central Research
& Development and holds appointments as Visiting Assistant Professor in both the
Materials Science & Engineering Department at Drexel University and the
Chemistry Department at Haverford College. Since 2007, he has led different
research discovery and/or implementation efforts within Central Research involving
the application of drug delivery methodologies to a broad range of technology areas
encompassing regenerative medicine, energy storage, food science, agriculture, and
nutrition, which has led to the publication of over 16 patents. He earned his bache-
lor’s degree in chemistry with a minor in Polymer, Colloidal, and Surface Science
at Carnegie Mellon University, while concurrently studying at the Center for
Macromolecular Engineering under the guidance of Krzysztof Matyjaszewski as a
Howard Hughes undergraduate research fellow. He then attended the University of
California Santa Barbara (UCSB), where he earned his Ph.D in Materials Science &
Engineering as a California NanoSystems Institute Fellow under Timothy Deming
for his work on the design and implementation of self-assembled polypeptide copo-
lymers for use in targeted drug delivery and tissue engineering. Prior to joining
DuPont, he worked in research and development, intellectual property, and in-vitro
trials at University of California Los Angeles’ (UCLA) Department of Biomedical
Engineering and in immunology, biochemistry, and cell biology at Cornell
University’s Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology. The drug delivery
technologies that Dr. Holowka developed in his time at UCSB and UCLA have been
featured in Chemical & Engineering News (Technology Concentrates 2006), cited
over 500 times in scientifi c journals and textbooks, and licensed to several biotech-
nology and drug delivery companies as part of their core technology platforms. He
has been invited to speak at a number of universities for his work on “Rational
Biomaterial Design for use in Intracellular Drug Delivery”. In 2010, he published a
textbook, “ Copolypeptide Vesicles: Size Control for Intracellular Drug Delivery, ”
which discusses core technologies behind the design and implementations of
p eptide-based drug delivery systems from the synthetic chemistry and materials
science perspective.
v
vi About the Authors
Sujata K. Bhatia is a faculty member in Biomedical Engineering at Harvard
University, and serves as the Assistant Director for Undergraduate Studies in
Biomedical Engineering at Harvard. She is also an Associate of the Harvard Kenned
School of Government, and a faculty member in the Harvard Kennedy School
Executive Education program on Innovation for Economic Development. She
earned three bachelor’s degrees, in biology, biochemistry, and chemical engineer-
ing, and a master’s degree in chemical engineering at the University of Delaware.
She then attended the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, where she
earned her M.D. and Ph.D in bioengineering. Prior to joining Harvard, she worked
in research and development, intellectual property, and clinical trials at DuPont.
From 2003 to 2008, she worked to develop tissue adhesives for closure of wounds.
In 2009, she spent a year on technology licensing for cancer drug discovery. In 2010
and 2011, she led clinical trials of omega-3 fatty acids for heart health. She was an
invited participant in the 2005 U.S. Frontiers of Engineering and 2006 Japan-U.S.
Frontiers of Engineering symposia, and a co-organizer of the 2007 Japan-U.S.
Frontiers of Engineering symposium. In 2010, she published a textbook,
“Biomaterials for Clinical Applications,” which discusses opportunities for both
biomaterials scientists and physicians to alleviate diseases worldwide. In 2011, she
published another book, “Engineering Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine.” In
2013, Sujata was awarded the Capers and Marion McDonald Award for Excellence
in Mentoring and Advising, the highest award in the Harvard School of Engineering
and Applied Sciences for excellence in advising. She was also awarded the Star
Family Prize for Excellence in Advising, a distinguished award from Harvard
University for exemplary intellectual and personal guidance of undergraduate stu-
dents. In 2013, she was selected by the U.S. National Academy of Engineering for
Frontiers of Engineering Education, a recognition for the most innovative engineer-
ing educators in the nation. In 2014, she was voted by the Harvard College Class of
2014 as a Harvard Yearbook Favorite Professor.
Foreword
E mbarking upon the journey of teaching the design principles of drug delivery sys-
tems and their clinical application is a daunting task. Many current offerings in this
area typically either fail to address the complexity of the physiology where they
seek to operate, while highlighting innovative system designs, or choose outdated
systems to address complex physiological problems. What remains absent is an
approach both targeted at multidisciplinary design solutions rooted in biology, engi-
neering, chemistry, and physics validated with an applied knowledge in clinical
research and application.
In order for this approach to be effective, the authors have to be as uniquely
diverse and experienced as the material they are about to cover. For the material
design sections, Eric Holowka is astutely equipped for the challenge. In a young
career, Holowka has been able to successfully extend his scientifi c interests into
areas of polymer science (B.S. Carnegie Mellon University), immunology (Cornell
University), materials science and engineering (Ph.D. University of California
Santa Barbara), biomedical engineering (University of California Los Angeles), and
nanotechnology (California NanoSystems Institute). Holowka has published a
book, C opolypeptide Vesicles: Size Control for Intracellular Drug Delivery , and
holds patents in diverse areas of technology application, which include drug deliv-
ery, food science, nutrition, agriculture, energy storage, and nanotechnology. He
currently holds a position in DuPont Central Research & Development, with Visiting
Assistant Professor appointments in the Materials Science & Engineering
Department at Drexel University and the Chemistry Department at Haverford
College. On the clinical perspective side, Sujata Bhatia assumed a strongly diverse
counterpoint. In her short career, Bhatia has earned three B.S. degrees, in biology,
biochemistry, and chemical engineering, an M.S. degree in chemical engineering
(University of Delaware), a Ph.D. in bioengineering, and an M.D. (University of
Pennsylvania). Bhatia has published two books in the fi eld of biomedical engineer-
ing, B iomaterials for Clinical Applications and E ngineering Biomaterials for
Regenerative Medicine. She currently holds the position of Assistant Director of
Undergraduate Studies in Biomedical Engineering at Harvard University.
vii
viii Foreword
A uthors with such a broad technical range of applied knowledge are uniquely
capable of distilling complex principles associated with structure, function, and
application for the reader. These principles are not abandoned with the reader, but
instead are reinforced with thoughtful examples and problem sets within each chap-
ter. Taken as a whole, in addition to serving as a resource for undergraduates, gradu-
ate students, and medical students with an interest in biomedical science, this text
stands as a solid resource for physicians and surgeons who desire novel therapeutic
approaches, patient advocacy groups and educated patient populations, and industry
executives desiring to learn about biomaterials. This text holds a unique perspective
for young scientists, engineers, and physicians to effectively understand the fi eld of
drug delivery from multiple perspectives. I am confi dent that with Eric and Sujata
as your guides, prepare to be not only edifi ed, but also entertained. You are in very
capable hands.
Los Angeles, CA, USA Enrico G. Bellomo, Ph.D.
Biomolecular Research & Development
NantPharma, LLC
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Dr. Enrico G. Bellomo and Professor Philip
J. Costanzo, who graciously gave their time to read and comment on the technical
text and problem sets within this manuscript. Their suggestions for improvements
and corrections proved a valuable resource. We would also like to thank the students
from the Chemistry Department at Haverford College and the Biomedical
Engineering Department at Harvard University for their input into various topic
areas and current research trends. We are especially indebted to Jennifer and Alex,
who always offered their unwavering love and support while we weathered the long
nights of researching, writing, and editing. To all these wonderful individuals, we
offer our humblest gratitude.
ix
