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MADBAS DISTRICT GAZETTEERS
MADURA.
VOLUME
I,
[Peicb, 2 rupees.'] 3shtUirijfS."}

MADRAS
DISTRICT GAZETTEERS.
MADUEA
BY
FRANCIS,
W.
INDIAN CIVIL SERVICE.
]\I AD RA S:
PRINTED BY THE SUPERINTENDENT, GOVERNMENT PRESS.
1906.

/ /> * ^
PEEFACE.
/. ;
The first ' Manual ' of this district was The Madura Country
of Mr. J. H. Nelson, I.C.S., published at Madras in 1868.
The chief features of his work were its sections on the
political and revenue history of the district and these have
;
been freely utilized in the present volume. The early part of
the former of them, however, has naturally been largely
superseded by the discoveries due to the progress of epigraphy
in recent years and limits of space have necessitated the
;
ruthless condensation of much of Mr. Nelson's picturesque
account of the Nayakkan dynasty in the latter part of the
same section. Most of the rest of the book is new. It is
arranged on the system followed in the other District Gazet-
teers of the new series now being brought out, and statistical
matter appears in a separate Appendix which is to be revised
decennially, after each census.
Under instructions, the volume does not deal with the
Ramnad and Sivaganga zamindaris, which are to be transfer-
red to another district, and treats the area which will be
included in the proposed new Nilakkottai taluk as though
this taluk were already in existence. The absence of statistics
for this latter tract has, however, in some cases prevented
the consistent carrying out of this method of referring to it.
Thanks to the various gentlemen, non-official and official,
who have been kind enough to help with the undertaking
have been rendered wherever possible in the body of the
volume. The plan of the Madura temple at p. 267 and the
early portions of the lists of Collectors and Judges on pp. SOS
and 218 were prepared for the revised District Manual which
was begun by Sir Harold Stuart.
W. F.
14^MS5^
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