Doutoramento em Arquitectura Especialidade em Teoria e Prática do Projecto Nome do ...

998 Pages·2015·18.56 MB·English

Embodied Emotions: Observations and Experiments in Architecture and Corporeality, Vol. I
Doutoramento em Arquitectura
Especialidade em Teoria e Prática do Projecto

Nome do Doutorando Maria da Piedade Aldinhas de Freitas Ferreira
Nome do Orientador Doctor of Philosophy José Manuel Pinto Duarte
Constituição do Júri:
Presidente Doutor José Manuel Aguiar Portela da Costa,
Professor Associado,
Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa.

Vogais Doctor of Philosophy José Manuel Pinto Duarte,
Professor Catedrático,
Faculdade de Arquitectura da Universidade de Lisboa;

Doutora Ana Leonor Magalhães Madeira Rodrigues,
Professor Associada,
Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa;

Doctor of Philosophy Henri Achten,
Professor,
Faculty of Architecture of Czech Technical University in Prague;

Doctor of Philosophy Altino João Serra de Magalhães Rocha,
Professor Auxiliar,
Universidade de Évora;

Doutor José Nuno Dinis Cabral Beirão,
Professor Auxiliar,
Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa.

Tese especialmente elaborada para a obtenção do grau de doutor
Documento definitivo
Dezembro, 2015
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Embodied Emotions: Observations and Experiments in Architecture and Corporeality, Vol. I
Doutoramento em Arquitectura
Especialidade em Teoria e Prática do Projecto

Nome do Doutorando Maria da Piedade Aldinhas de Freitas Ferreira
Nome do Orientador Doctor of Philosophy José Manuel Pinto Duarte
Constituição do Júri:
Presidente Doutor José Manuel Aguiar Portela da Costa,
Professor Associado,
Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa.

Vogais Doctor of Philosophy José Manuel Pinto Duarte,
Professor Catedrático,
Faculdade de Arquitectura da Universidade de Lisboa;

Doutora Ana Leonor Magalhães Madeira Rodrigues,
Professor Associada,
Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa;

Doctor of Philosophy Henri Achten,
Professor,
Faculty of Architecture of Czech Technical University in Prague;

Doctor of Philosophy Altino João Serra de Magalhães Rocha,
Professor Auxiliar,
Universidade de Évora;

Doutor José Nuno Dinis Cabral Beirão,
Professor Auxiliar,
Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa.

Tese especialmente elaborada para a obtenção do grau de doutor
Documento definitivo
Dezembro, 2015

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Abstract

This thesis is dedicated to the topic of the relationship between the Body and Architecture,
in particular regarding the contemporary “embodied mind” theory. It includes a theoretical
review on the topic based on the study of the different ways Architecture has followed the
transformations that the views on the Body have endured throughout Western history,
under the evolution and influence of different disciplines such as philosophy, technology,
science, religion and art. Within this context, the thesis proposes a methodology based on
performance arts, which explores the use of embodied practices in design education. Such
a methodology aimed at testing how it is possible to influence users’ emotions using
architectural space. The thesis argues that this can be achieved through a process of
empathy between the users’ body and architectural space. To support this claim, the thesis
presents a set of experiments undertaken in the context of architectural teaching. The
results of such experiments were evaluated through the analysis of video and photo
documentation, as well as through quantitative and qualitative data collected using emotion
measurement tools and questionnaires, respectively.

Keywords

Body (Human) – Architecture – Embodied Mind – Empathy - Performance Art

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Resumo

Esta tese é dedicada ao tema da relação entre Corpo e Arquitetura, em particular ao
paradigma contemporâneo da “mente encarnada”. A tese inclui uma revisão teórica sobre o
tema, com base no estudo do modo como a Arquitetura acompanhou ao longo da história
as tranformações ocorridas no entendimento do Corpo Humano sob a influência de
diferentes disciplinas, como a filosofia, a tecnologia, a ciência, a religião e a arte.
Dentro deste contexto, a tese propõe uma metodologia baseada nas artes performativas e
explora o uso de práticas corporais no ensino da arquitectura. Tal metodologia teve como
objetivo testar como é possível influenciar as emoções dos utilizadores através do espaço
arquitetônico. A tese argumenta que tal pode ser conseguido através de um processo de
empatia entre o Corpo e o Espaço. Para comprovar esta hipótese, a tese apresenta um
conjunto de experiências realizadas no contexto do ensino de arquitetura. Os resultados de
tais experiências foram avaliados através da análise de documentação vídeo e fotográfica e
de dados quantitativos e qualitativos recolhidos através de instrumentos biométricos de
medição psico-fisiológica e de questionários, respectivamente .

Palavras-Chave

Corpo (Humano) – Arquitectura – Mente Encarnada – Empatia - Performance Art

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Acknowledgments

Fist of all, I would like to express my most sincere thanks to my
advisor Professor José Pinto Duarte, for inspiring me during my first
steps at the Curso de Doutoramento em Arquitectura, for sharing with
me knowledge on contemporary approaches to Design through the use
of Digital tools, for establishing vital contacts with institutions such as
UCSB and MIT, namely Professor Marcus Novak and Professor
George Stiny, for calling my attention to the importance of being
present at international conferences and to present and publish my
work, for the continuous encouragement and support through all the
process of research, for the trust in my hypothesis and in my
capabilities of undertaking this task until the end, and finally, for
accepting to be my Advisor after the departure of Professor Duarte
Cabral de Mello, my first tutor and Advisor.

I also must express my deepest gratitude to Professor Duarte
Cabral de Mello, whose wisdom, friendship and humour I will always
miss. Professor Cabral de Mello was the most important reference
during the process of this research and to him I owe the acquisition of
knowledge on different areas such as Architecture, Philosophy,
Cybernetics, Logics, and even Politics. Besides that, Professor Cabral
de Mello encouraged me to follow my own ideas, never imposing their
own, and it was in the most delightful collaborative spirit that I had the
privilege of exchanging ideas with him on a very regular basis and
mostly, develop a critical eye towards the profession of Architect and
its role in society and teaching.

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I also wish to thank all the Professors who have contributed
with references, critiques and encouragement, both the ones I have
met during my times as a student in the Architectural Doctoral
Program at FA/ULisboa, as well as others whom I encountered and
came to meet at international conferences. Most importantly I would
like to thank to Ana Macara (FMH/ULisboa), Luís Romão, Maria
João Durão, Carlos Figueiredo, Mário Kruger, Rui Barreiros Duarte,
José Callado, Maria Manuel Godinho de Almeida, Maria Calado and
Pedro Abreu (FA/ULisboa), as well as George Stiny, Terry Knight
(MIT), and Edith Ackermann (MIT), Marcus Novak (UCSB), Marcos
Cruz (Bartlett School of Design), Teresa Heitor (IST/ULisboa),
Josep Muntañola (ETSAB), Gottfried Muller (TU Dortmund), and
Didier Stricker (DFKI). I especially thank Professor Andreas Kretzer
(TU Kaiserslautern) for believing in my project since our first talk
and for providing me with the facilities and working environment
necessary to pursue my research. Thank you also to Katinka
Schreiber for her friendship and dedicated encouragement and for
instilling me to pursue my ideas until the end, at a time when all
hopes to finish this endeavour seemed lost. I also want to thank
Professor Matthias Schirren, responsible for the Geschichte und
Theorie der Architektur Department (TUK) for inviting me to
participate in the Colloquium for the PhD Students and for his
attentive critique, references, encouragement and interest in my work.

I also thank all the colleagues with whom I exchanged
thoughts and ideas during these six years. Since there are so many, it
is a hard task to name them all without forgetting anyone, so I thank
in particular Alexandra Paio (ISCTE), José Nuno Beirão
(FA/ULisboa), Nuno Miguel Seabra (UL/ULisboa) and Bruno
Araújo (INESC-IST/ULisboa).
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