Dosage Calculations Made Incredibly Easy!

386 Pages·2009·57.88 MB·English

by  Springhouse

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Staff The clinical treatments described and recommended in this pub-
lication are based on research and consultation with nursing,
medical, and legal authorities. To the best of our knowledge,
Executive Publisher these procedures reflect currently accepted practice. Neverthe-
Judith A. Schilling McCann, RN, MSN less, they can’t be considered absolute and universal recom-
mendations. For individual applications, all recommendations
Clinical Director
must be considered in light of the patient’s clinical condition and,
Joan M. Robinson, RN, MSN before administration of new or infrequently used drugs, in light
of the latest package-insert information. The authors and pub-
Art Director
lisher disclaim any responsibility for any adverse effects result-
Elaine Kasmer
ing from the suggested procedures, from any undetected errors,
Clinical Project Managers or from the reader’s misunderstanding of the text.
Kathryn Henry, RN, BSN, CCRC;
© 2010 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. All rights reserved.
Jennifer Meyering, RN, BSN, MS, CCRN This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be repro-
Editor duced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or
by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording, or
Diane Labus
otherwise—without prior written permission of the publisher,
Clinical Editor except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and re-
Collette Bishop Hendler, RN, MS views and testing and evaluation materials provided by publisher
to instructors whose schools have adopted its accompanying
Illustrator textbook. Printed in the United States of America. For informa-
Bot Roda tion, write Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 323 Norristown Road,
Suite 200, Ambler, PA 19002-2756.
Design Assistant
Kate Zulak DCMIE4010109
Associate Manufacturing Manager
We thank the following companies for permission to include
Beth J. Welsh
photographs of their products in this book: Schering-Plough
Editorial Assistants (Noxafil, p. 164), GlaxoSmithKline (Bactroban, p. 190), APP
Pharmaceuticals (Diprivan, pp. 211, C5), Pfizer, Inc. (Solu-Medrol,
Karen J. Kirk, Jeri O’Shea, Linda K. Ruhf
p. 222).
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
CIP data available upon request
ISBN13 978-1-60547-197-6
ISBN10 1-60547-197-6
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Contents
Contributors and consultants iv
Not another boring foreword v
Part I Math basics
1 Fractions 3
2 Decimals and percentages 27
3 Ratios, fractions, proportions, and solving for X 49
4 Dimensional analysis 71
Part II Measurement systems
5 Metric system 85
6 Alternative measurement systems 101
Part III Recording drug administration
7 Drug orders 123
8 Administration records 135
9 Preventing drug errors 145
Part IV Oral,topical,and rectal drugs
10 Calculating oral drug dosages 169
11 Calculating topical and rectal drug dosages 201
Part V Parenteral administration
12 Calculating parenteral injections 215
13 Calculating I.V. infusions 247
Part VI Special calculations
14 Calculating pediatric dosages 285
15 Calculating obstetric drug dosages 313
16 Calculating critical care dosages 329
Appendices and index
Practice makes perfect 348
Drug therapy conversions 368
Dosage calculation formulas 370
Glossary 371
Selected references 373
Index 374
Internet drug updates: edruginfo.com
iii
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Contributors and consultants
Rita Bates, RN, BS, MSN Judith Faust, RN, MSN
Assistant Professor Associate Professor
University of Arkansas Ivy Tech Community College
Fort Smith Lafayette, Ind.
Julie A. Calvery Carman, RN, MS Virginia Lester, RN, MSN
Instructor Assistant Professor of Nursing
University of Arkansas Angelo State University
Fort Smith San Angelo, Tex.
Kim Cooper, RN, MSN Dana Reeves, RN, MSN
Nursing Department Chair Assistant Professor
Ivy Tech Community College University of Arkansas
Terre Haute, Ind. Fort Smith
Cheryl DeGraw, RN, MSN, CRNP, CNE Peggy Thweatt, RN, MSN
Instructor Nursing Instructor
Florence-Darlington Technical College Medical Careers Institute School of Nursing
Florence, S.C. Newport News, Va.
MaryAnn Edelman, RN, MS Trinidad Villaruel, RN, MSN
Assistant Professor of Nursing Clinical Nurse Specialist
Kingsborough Community College New York–Presbyterian Hospital
Brooklyn, N.Y. New York
iv
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Not another boring foreword
If you’re like me, you’re too busy caring for your patients to have
the time to wade through a foreword that uses pretentious terms
and umpteen dull paragraphs to get to the point. So let’s cut right
to the chase! Here’s why this book is so terrific:
1. It will teach you all the important things you need to know
about dosage calculations. (And it will leave out all the fluff that
wastes your time.)
2. It will help you remember what you’ve learned.
3. It will make you smile as it enhances your knowledge and
skills.
Don’t believe me? Try these recurring logos on for size:
Before you give that drug!—Contains urgent
advice on how to avoid dangerous drug errors
Advice from the experts—Provides pointers on
how to maintain dosage accuracy
For math phobics only—Offers hints, tips, and
illustrations to help you get over the “I hate math”
hurdles
Dosage drill—Poses real-life practice problems to
hone your skills
Memory jogger—Reinforces learning through easy-
to-remember anecdotes and mnemonics
v
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vi NOT ANOTHER BORING FOREWORD
See? I told you! And that’s not all. Look for me and my friends in
the margins throughout this book. We’ll be there to explain key
concepts, provide important care reminders, and offer reassur-
ance. Oh, and if you don’t mind, we’ll be spicing up the pages with
a bit of humor along the way, to teach and entertain in a way that
no other resource can.
I hope you find this book helpful. Best of luck throughout your
career!
Joy
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Part I Math basics
1 Fractions 3
2 Decimals and percentages 27
3 Ratios, fractions, proportions, and
solving for X 49
4 Dimensional analysis 71
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