Table Of ContentSCIENTIFIC COUNCIL FOR GOVERNMENT POLICY
Monique Kremer, Peter van Lieshout and Robert Went (eds.)
Doing Good or Doing Better
development policies in a globalizing world
AMSTERDAM UNIVERSITY PRESS
Doing Good or Doing Better
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SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL FOR GOVERNMENT POLICY
Doing Good
or Doing Better
development policies in a globalizing world
Monique Kremer, Peter van Lieshout and Robert Went (eds.)
Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam 2009
Front cover illustration: © Teun Voeten
Cover design: Studio Daniëls, The Hague
Layout: Het Steen Typografie, Maarssen
isbn 978 90 8964 107 6
e-isbn 978 90 8450 877 8
nur 754
© WRR / Amsterdam University Press, The Hague / Amsterdam 2009
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ding or otherwise) without the written permission of both the copyright owner and the
author of the book.
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contents
About the authors 9
Preface 13
1 Towards Development Policies Based on Lesson Learning:
An Introduction 15
Monique Kremer, Peter van Lieshout and Robert Went
1.1 Paradigm shifts 16
1.2 Globalization 19
1.3 At the beginning of the 21stcentury: Elements for development policies
based on lesson learning 22
PARTI RETHINKINGDEVELOPMENT
2 Twenty-first Century Globalization, Paradigm Shifts in
Development 27
Jan Nederveen Pieterse
2.1 Twenty-first century globalization 27
2.2 Turning points 29
2.3 New development era 30
2.4 International development cooperation 40
3 Does Foreign Aid Work? 47
Roger C. Riddell
3.1 Introduction 47
3.2 What aid are we talking about? 48
3.3 Challenges in trying to assess the impact of aid 51
3.4 Does aid work? The evidence 54
3.5 Constraining aid’s greater impact and how these constraints might be
addressed 65
3.6 Concluding comments: Aid and the wider perspective 70
PARTII LEARNING FROMDEVELOPMENT HISTORIES
4 Under-explored Treasure Troves of Development Lessons: Lessons
from the Histories of Small Rich European Countries 81
Ha-Joon Chang
4.1 Introduction: Lessons from history, or rather the ‘Secret History’ 81
6 doing good or doing better
4.2 Agriculture 86
4.3 Industrial development 89
4.4 Corporate governance and the concentration of economic power 95
4.5 Social and political factors 97
4.6 Concluding remarks 99
5 Stagnation in Africa: Disentangling Figures, Facts and Fiction 107
Paul Hoebink
5.1 Stagnation in sub-Saharan Africa 108
5.2 The low social development cause 111
5.3 The not-a-nation-state cause 113
5.4 The dependence on raw material exports cause 115
5.5 The greedy politicians cause 116
5.6 The weak states and weak policies cause 118
5.7 The Washington consensus cause 119
5.8 Other traps and curses 123
5.9 Conclusions and consequences 125
6 Including the Middle Classes? Latin American Social Policies after
the Washington Consensus 137
Evelyne Huber
6.1 The isiperiod and the origins of social policy regimes 138
6.2 The debt crisis and the Washington consensus 139
6.3 Neoliberalism and its failures 140
6.4 Turn to the left and basic universalism? 144
6.5 The role of the middle classes 148
6.6 Lessons for development policy and external support 150
7 Imaginary Institutions: State-Building in Afghanistan 157
Martine van Bijlert
7.1 The Afghan state and the dynamics that affect it 158
7.2 The nature of the state-building effort in Afghanistan 163
7.3 How the ‘international community’ responds 165
7.4 Some concluding remarks 170
8 Beyond Development Orthodoxy: Chinese Lessons in Pragmatism
and Institutional Change 177
Peter Ho
8.1 Buried under development? 177
8.2 On land and institutions 180
8.3 Chinese pragmatism: Colored cats or the demise of ideology? 183
8.4 Implications of Chinese development: Some concluding observations 193
contents 7
PART III BEYOND THE STATE: NEW ACTORS IN DEVELOPMENT
9 Business and Sustainable Development: From Passive Involvement
to Active Partnerships 211
Rob van Tulder and Fabienne Fortanier
9.1 Introduction: from uniform to pluriform development thinking 211
9.2 From a traditional to a new development paradigm 213
9.3 From macro to micro: the role of multinationals in sustainable development 216
9.4 From general to specific: Strategic management of corporations and
poverty alleviation 219
9.5 From passive to active: The search for partnerships 226
9.6 Conclusion: The challenges ahead 228
10 Why ‘Philanthrocapitalism’ Is Not the Answer: Private Initiatives
and International Development 237
Michael Edwards
10.1 Private initiatives – what kind and how much? 239
10.2 ngoinitiatives 241
10.3 Institutional philanthropy 244
10.4 Common problems: impact and accountability 248
10.5 Conclusions and implications for development policy 249
11 The Trouble with Participation: Assessing the New Aid Paradigm 255
Nadia Molenaers and Robrecht Renard
11.1 Participation: on the main menu or just a side dish? 255
11.2 What the new aid approach sets out to do: some background on the
failure of aid 256
11.3 Flawed results 259
11.4 An overly optimistic notion of civil society 261
11.5 A biased vision on state-society interactions 262
11.6 A conditionality without ownership 266
11.7 When less is more 271
PART IV NEW INTERDEPENDENTIES
12 How Can Sub-Saharan Africa Turn the China-India Threat into an
Opportunity? 279
Raphael Kaplinsky
12.1 Introduction 279
12.2 Development trajectories for Sub-Saharan Africa – three orthodoxies 280
12.3 The rise of the Asian Driver economies and their challenge to the three
orthodoxies 282
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12.4 The Asian Drivers and Sub-Saharan Africa – win-win or win-lose? 289
12.5 The policy response 292
12.6 Policy actors 297
13 Post-war Peace-building: What Role for International
Organizations? 303
Chris van der Borgh
13.1 Introduction 303
13.2 Recipes for peace? 305
13.3 International capacity and coordination 308
13.4 Local capacity and international footprint 310
13.5 Conclusion 314
14 Migration and Development: Contested Consequences 321
Ronald Skeldon
14.1 Background 321
14.2 Conceptual issues 322
14.3 Patterns of migration 324
14.4 Approaches to migration and development 328
14.5 Conclusion 334
15 Global Justice and the State 341
Pieter Pekelharing
15.1 The rise of the concern for global justice 341
15.2 The birth of the notion of distributive justice 346
15.3 Balancing our loyalties. On the extension of justice into the international
realm 349
15.4 It’s not ‘what can you do?’ but ‘what can your institutions do?’ 356
15.5 From cosmopolitanism back to the state: Rawls and the Law of Peoples 361
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about the authors
Jan Nederveen Pieterseis Mellichamp Professor in Global Studies and Sociology
at the University of California, Santa Barbara. He specializes in globalization,
development studies and cultural studies. He also works part time as professor in
globalization at the University of Maastricht in the Netherlands. Recent books are
Is there hope for Uncle Sam? Beyond the American bubble (2008), Ethnicities and
Global Multiculture: Pants for an Octopus (2007), and Development Theory:
Deconstructions/ Reconstructions(2001; second edition 2009).
Roger Riddell has been actively involved in development aid for more than
30 years. From 1999 to 2004, he was the International Director of Christian Aid,
one of the uk’s largest relief and development ngos. Riddell currently is a non-
executive director of Oxford Policy Management. He published Does Foreign Aid
Really Work?(2007), in which he examines official ngoand emergency/humani-
tarian aid.
Ha-Joon Changis Reader in the Political Economy ofDevelopment at the
University of Cambridge. Chang, originating from the Republic of Korea, is author
of the worldwide successfulbooks Kicking Away the Ladder: Development Stra-
tegy in Historical Perspective (2002) and Bad Samaritans. Rich Nations, Poor Poli-
cies and the Threat to the Developing World (2007).
Paul Hoebinkis Professor in Development Cooperation at the Centre for Interna-
tional Developments Issues Nijmegen (cidin) of the University of Nijmegen. He
focuses on European and Dutch development policy, the management of develop-
ment cooperation and the effectiveness of aid.
Evelyne Huber is Professor of Political Science and Chair of the Department at
the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Her interests are in comparative
politics and political economy, with an area focus mainly on Latin America and
the Caribbean. Her book Development and Crisis of the Welfare State: Parties and
Policies in Global Markets(2001) won the Best Book Award 2001 from the Political
Economy Section of the American Political Science Association. Huber was the
editor of Models of Capitalism: Lessons for Latin America (2002).
Martine van Bijlertis Co-Director of the Afghanistan Analysts Network. She
served as Political Adviser to the European Union’s Special Representative for
Afghanistan from 2004 to 2009 and has worked as an independent consultant
on Afghanistan since 2007, providing political analysis in the fields of governance
and institution building, insurgency and tribal politics, and democratization in
(post-)conflict societies.
