Document analysis systems : theory and practice : Third IAPR Workshop, DAS'98, Nagano, Japan, November 1998 : selected papers

386 Pages·1999·11.2 MB·English

by  DAS'98 (1998 : Nagano-shi, Japan)

Lecture Notes in Computer Science 1655
Editedby G.Goos,J. Hartmanisand J.van Leeuwen
3
Berlin
Heidelberg
NewYork
Barcelona
HongKong
London
Milan
Paris
Singapore
Tokyo
Seong-Whan Lee Yasuaki Nakano (Eds.)
Document
Analysis Systems:
Theory and Practice
Third IAPR Workshop, DAS’98
Nagano, Japan, November 4-6, 1998
Selected Papers
1 3
SeriesEditors
GerhardGoos,KarlsruheUniversity,Germany
JurisHartmanis,CornellUniversity,NY,USA
JanvanLeeuwen,UtrechtUniversity,TheNetherlands
VolumeEditors
Seong-WhanLee
KoreaUniversity,CenterforArtificialVisionResearch
Anam-dong,Seongbuk-ku,136-701Seoul,Korea
E-mail:[email protected]
YasuakiNakano
ShinshuUniversity,DepartmentofInformationEngineering
500Wakasato,380-8553Nagano,Japan
E-mail:[email protected]
Cataloging-in-Publicationdataappliedfor
DieDeutscheBibliothek-CIP-Einheitsaufnahme
Documentanalysissystems:theoryandpractice;thirdIAPRworkshop;selected
papers/DAS’98,Nagano,Japan,November4-6,1998.Seong-WhanLee;Yasuaki
Nakano(ed.).-Berlin;Heidelberg;NewYork;Barcelona;HongKong;London
;Milan;Paris;Singapore;Tokyo:Springer,1999
(Lecturenotesincomputerscience;Vol.1655)
ISBN3-540-66507-2
CRSubjectClassification(1998):I.7.5,I.5,I.4,I.7
ISSN0302-9743
ISBN3-540-66507-2Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelbergNewYork
Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis
concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,re-useofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting,
reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublication
orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965,
initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer-Verlag.Violationsare
liableforprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw.
(cid:1)c Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg1999
PrintedinGermany
Typesetting:Camera-readybyauthor
SPIN10704062 06/3142–543210 Printedonacid-freepaper
Preface
Recently, there has been an increased interest in the research and development of
techniques for components of complete document analysis systems. In recognition
of this trend, a series of workshops on Document Analysis Systems commenced in
1994, under the leadership of Henry Baird. The first workshop, held in
Kaiserslautern, Germany, in October, 1994, was chaired by Andreas Dengel and
Larry Spitz. The second workshop on Document Analysis Systems was held in
Malvern, PA, USA, in October, 1996, chaired by Jonathan J. Hull and Suzanne
Liebowitz Taylor. The DAS workshop has been one of the most prestigious technical
meetings, bringing together a large number of scientists and engineers from all over
the world to express their innovative ideas and report on their latest achievements in
the area of document analysis systems.
The papers in this special book edition were rigorously selected from the Third
IAPR Workshop on Document Analysis Systems (DAS’98), held in Nagano, Japan,
on 4 - 6 November 1998. It is worth mentioning that the papers were chosen for
their original and substantial contributions to the workshop theme and this special
book edition. From among the 53 papers that were presented by authors from 11
countries at the DAS’98 after critical reviews by at least three experts, we carefully
selected 29 papers for this special book edition. Most of the contributions in this
edition have been expanded or extensively revised to include helpful discussions,
suggestions, or comments made during the workshop. The papers deal with a wide
range of research on document analysis systems, such as design principles,
theoretical analysis, implementation techniques, and experimental results.
In keeping with the main topics of document analysis systems research, the
papers contributed to this special book edition are organized into five sections:
VI Preface
Part I: Document Image Compression and Retrieval
Part II : Document Structure Analysis
Part III: Handwriting Recognition
Part IV: Document Image Analysis
Part V: Document Analysis System
This book is primarily addressed to researchers involved in document analysis
systems who wish to increase their knowledge and expertise regarding these topics.
It furthermore aims at the audience of those scientists who work in the various
disciplines represented in the sections of the book. We would like to express our
sincere appreciation to all the contributors and reviewers; this special edition would
have not been publishable without them. The reviewers contributed generous
amounts of time in the review process. They include H.S. Baird (Xerox Palo Alto
Research Center, USA), A. Belaïd (UMR LORIA, France), H. Bunke (University of
Bern, Switzerland), Y. Choi (Sookmyung Women's University, Korea), A. Dengel
(German Research Center for AI, Germany), D. Doermann (University of Maryland,
USA), T. Ejima (Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan), H. Fujisawa (Central
Research Labaratory, Hitachi, Ltd., Japan), J.J. Hull (Ricoh California Research
Center, USA), Y. Ishitani (Toshiba Corporation, Japan), J. Kanai (Panasonic
Information and Networking Technologies Laboratory, USA), G. Kim (Sogang
University, Korea), J. Kim (Yonsei University, Korea), S.H. Kim (Chonnam
National University, Korea), F. Kimura (Mie University, Japan), S.-W. Lee (Korea
University, Korea), Y. Lee (Yonsei University, Korea), G. Maderlechner (Siemens
AG, Germany), Y. Nakano (Shinshu University, Japan), H. Nishida (Ricoh, Japan),
A.L. Spitz (Document Recognition Technologies, USA), C.Y. Suen (Concordia
University, Canada), M. Suzuki (Kyushu University, Japan), Y.Y. Tang (Hong Kong
Preface VII
Baptist University, Hong Kong), and K. Yamamoto (Gifu University, Japan).
Finally, we would also like to acknowledge all authors and participants of the
workshop who facilitated the communication between investigators and created an
insightful and stimulating environment. Our appreciation also goes to A. Hofmann,
Editor at Springer-Verlag for his patience and help in guiding us through this task.
We hope that this book will promote further research in document analysis systems.
August 1999 Seong-Whan Lee and Yasuaki Nakano
Table of Contents
Part I: Document Image Compression and Retrieval
Measuring the Robustness of Character Shape Coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
A. L. Spitz, P. Marks
Group 4 Compressed Document Matching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
D.-S. Lee, J. J. Hull
Restoration of Decorative Headline Images for Document Retrieval . . . . . . . . . . . 22
T. Amano
Document Image Analysis Using a New Compression Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
S. Deng, S. Latifi, J. Kanai
Part II: Document Structure Analysis
A General Approach to Quality Evaluation of Document Segmentation Results . . 43
M. Thulke, V. Märgner, A. Dengel
Form Analysis by Neural Classification of Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Y. Belaïd, A. Belaïd
A Formal Approach to Textons and Its Application to Font Style Detection . . . . .72
A. Schreyer, P. Suda, G. Maderlechner
A Statistical Method for an Automatic Detection of Form Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
S. Kebairi, B. Taconet, A. Zahour, S. Ramdane
Structure Analysis of Low Resolution Fax Cover Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Y.-K. Lim, H.-J. Kang, C. Ahn, S.-W. Lee
Part III: Handwriting Recognition
Lexical Search Approach for Character-String Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
M. Koga, R. Mine, H. Sako, H. Fujisawa
A Segmentation Method for Touching Handwritten Japanese Characters . . . . . . .130
H. Nishimura, H. Ikeda, Y. Nakano
X Table of Contents
Cursive Handwritten Word Recognition by Integrating Multiple Classifiers . . . . 140
K. Maruyama, M. Kobayashi, H. Yamada, Y. Nakano
Segmentation of Touching Characters in Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
M. Okamoto, S. Sakaguchi, T. Suzuki
The AddressScriptTM Recognition System for Handwritten Envelopes . . . . . . . . .157
A. Filatov, V. Nikitin, A. Volgunin, P. Zelinsky
Part IV: Document Image Analysis
Sorting and Recognizing Cheques and Financial Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
C. Y. Suen, K. Liu, N. W. Strathy
A System for the Automated Reading of Check Amounts - Some Key Ideas . . . .188
G. Kaufmann, H. Bunke
A Fast Japanese Word Extraction with Classification
to Similarly-Shaped Character Categories and Morphological Analysis . . . . . . . .201
M. Ozaki, K. Itonori
A Layout-Free Method for Extracting Elements from Document Images . . . . . . .215
T. Kochi, T. Saitoh
Text-Line Extraction as Selection of Paths in the Neighbor Graph . . . . . . . . . . . .225
K. Kise, M. Iwata, A. Dengel, K. Matsumoto
Table Structure Extraction from Form Documents
Based on Gradient-Wavelet Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
D. Xi, S.-W. Lee
The T-Recs Table Recognition and Analysis System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .255
T. Kieninger, A. Dengel
Part V: Document Analysis Systems
Document Analysis Systems Development and Representation
through the Object-Process Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
D. Dori
Precise Table Recognition by Making Use of Reference Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
C. Wenzel, W. Tersteegen