Divine domesticities : Christian paradoxes in Asia and the Pacific

532 Pages·2014·26.769 MB·English

by  Choi, Hyaeweol, Jolly, Margaret

Divine Domesticities
Christian Paradoxes in
Asia and the Pacific

Divine Domesticities
Christian Paradoxes in
Asia and the Pacific
Edited by
Hyaeweol Choi and Margaret Jolly
Published by ANU Press
The Australian National University
Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
Email: [email protected]
This title is also available online at http://press.anu.edu.au
National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry

Author: Choi, Hyaeweol, author.

Title: Divine domesticities : Christian paradoxes in Asia and
the Pacific / Hyaeweol Choi and Margaret Jolly.

ISBN: 9781925021943 (paperback) 9781925021950 (ebook)

Subjects: Indigenous women--Asia
Indigenous women--Pacific Area
Missions--Asia
Missions--Pacific Area

Other Authors/Contributors: Jolly, Margaret 1949- author.

Dewey Number: 266.023
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system
or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise,
without the prior permission of the publisher.
Cover photos: Top – Missionary home interior, from the Reverend Corwin & Nellie Taylor
Collection, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Used with permission. Bottom – Left
to right at the quilting horses: Adelaide Gifford carding wool; Mrs. Milia Kaiawe, Mrs Leialoha
Kanoho, Mrs. Akao Lock, Mrs. Louisa Malina, Mrs. Kalei Montgomery, working collectively on
an appliqué quilt, photographer, William Junokichi Senda, 1933. Used with permission from the
Kaua‘i Museum.
Cover design and layout by ANU Press
Printed by Griffin Press
This edition © 2014 ANU Press
Contents
List of Illustrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Preface and Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
Paradoxes of Domesticity: Missionary Encounters in the Making
of Christian Homes in Asia and the Pacific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Hyaeweol Choi and Margaret Jolly
Part One — Permeability and Paradox: Revisiting
Domestic and Public in Asia and the Pacific
1 . The Missionary Home as a Pulpit: Domestic Paradoxes in
Early Twentieth-Century Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Hyaeweol Choi
2 . Missionaries and “A Better Baby Movement” in Colonial
Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Sonja M. Kim
3 . All Other Loves Excelling: Mary Kidder, Wakamatsu Shizuko
and Modern Marriage in Meiji Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Rebecca Copeland
4 . Raising the Standards of Family Life: Ginling Women’s
College and Christian Social Service in Republican China . . 113
Helen M. Schneider
Part Two — Sacred and Secular Genealogies: Christian
Missions and States—Colonial and Contemporary
5 . Sacred Genealogies of Development: Christianity and
the Indian Modern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Kalpana Ram
6 . “Ol Meri Bilong Wok” (Hard-working Women): Women,
Work and Domesticity in Papua New Guinea . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Jemima Mowbray
7 . “Tired for nothing”? Women, Chiefs, and the Domestication
of Customary Authority in Solomon Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
Debra McDougall
Part Three — The Architectonics of Home and Emotion:
New Christian Families in Conversion Experiences
8 . Agency and Salvation in Christian Child Rescue in Colonial
India: Preena and Amy Carmichael . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Annie McCarthy
9 . Deviant Domesticities and Sexualised Childhoods:
Prostitutes, Eunuchs and the Limits of the State Child
“Rescue” Mission in Colonial India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Jessica Hinchy
10 . A New Family: Domesticity and Sentiment among Chinese
and Western Women at Shanghai’s Door of Hope . . . . . . . 281
Sue Gronewold
11 . From Open Fale to Mission Houses: Negotiating the
Boundaries of “Domesticity” in Samoa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
Latu Latai
12 . Paradoxical Intimacies: The Christian Creation of the Huli
Domestic Sphere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
Holly Wardlow
Part Four — On and Beneath the Skin: Embodiment and
Sensuous Agency
13 . Paradoxical Performances: Cruel Constraints and Christian
Emancipation in 19–20th-Century Missionary Representations
of Chinese Women and Girls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
Shih-Wen Sue Chen
14. Bibles, Baseball and Butterfly Sleeves: Filipina Women and
American Protestant Missions, 1900–1930 . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
Laura R. Prieto
15 . The Materiality of Missionisation in Collingwood Bay,
Papua New Guinea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397
Anna-Karina Hermkens
16 . A Saturated History of Christianity and Cloth in Oceania . . 429
Margaret Jolly
Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461
List of Illustrations
Figures
1 Horace Underwood’s Western-style house 34
2 Missionary home interior, featuring unidentified woman 35
3 Women’s Bible Institute, Taiku in 1917 45
4 A clinic at the Seoul Evangelistic Center 48
5 Home Management House Opening in 1936 51
6 Inside the Home Management House at Ewha 51
7 A youthful Mary E. Kidder (1834–1910) 86
8 Wakamatsu Shizuko as a young girl (1864–1896) 91
9 Ferris Seminary 94
10 Wakamatsu Shizuko, translator, author, educator 96
11 Jogaku zasshi, 1885–1904 101
12 Rothesay Miller (1843–1915) 105
13 Wakamatsu Shizuko (inset) and her three children 109
14 Mrs. Mary Kidder Miller 111
15 Women working together in the garden. Hahalis, Buka, 186
Autonomous Region of Bougainville 2006
16 “Working copra” for cash. Carrying coconuts to be broken then 186
smoked. Hahalis, Buka, Autonomous Region of Bougainville 2006
17 Handing over coconuts at the smukhaus (smoke house) built in the 187
bush. Hahalis, Buka, Autonomous Region of Bougainville, 2006
18 Marina Alepio with grandchild, Jericho village 204
19 Pastor Joseph Sasapitu and members of the Ranongga United 211
Church Women’s Fellowship at the unveiling of a monument to the
memory of Joyce Dunateko Panakera, 6 August 2000
20 Luke Irapio and Varina Lekevolomo, Meeting of the Pienuna Chiefs’ 220
Trust Board
21 Badaga Girls 230
22 Preena and Lavana, “The Elf and the Flower” 231
23 Preena and Preeya getting ready for a coming feast day 232
vii
Divine Domesticities: Christian Paradoxes in Asia and the Pacific
24 The Temple 234
25 The Temple 234
26 Preena and her class 245
27 A modern version of a traditional Samoan fale recently constructed 300
at the National University of Samoa
28 The interior lashings and construction details of the fale at the 301
National University of Samoa
29 An old Samoan fale that still stands and is used today 322
30 A Samoan fale that has been enclosed in European style 322
31 Anna Isabel Fox, unnamed Bible students, and Florence Fox, 368
ca. 1921
32 Grace Evelyn Fox, “The beautiful costume was given me by 395
my girls…”
33 Uiaku schoolgirls, showing their facial tattoos 399
34 Money in “The Den”, the Uiaku missionary house. Notice the 410
use of indigenous designed tapa cloth as tablecloth and Western
designed strips of tapa cloth used as frieze
35 “Collingwood Bay curios” 414
36 Left to right at the quilting horses: Adelaide Gifford carding wool; 437
Mrs. Milia Kaiawe, Mrs. Leialoha Kanoho, Mrs. Akao Lock, Mrs.
Louisa Malina, Mrs. Kalei Montgomery, working collectively on an
appliqué quilt, 1933
37 Appliqué quilt (1886) with red design on white background 440
featuring both Hawaiian flowers and images of feather standards
associated with royalty
38 Erromangan woman in a dress of decorated bark cloth, worn on 447
ritual occasions such as marriage, ca. 1880s
39 Ni-Vanuatu women marching together on the streets of Port Vila 451
wearing identical aelen dres to celebrate women in business,
July 2009
viii
List of Illustrations
Maps
1 Map of Solomon Islands, the New Georgia Group, and 202
Ranongga Island
2 Mission fields in the south and northeast coast of British New 402
Guinea. The Kwato district was part of the London Missionary
Society (L.M.S)
Table
1 Percentage of male to female enrolments in schools (both 192
administration and mission), 1950–1970
ix