Table Of ContentDISTILLATION – ADVANCES
FROM MODELING TO
APPLICATIONS
Edited by Sina Zereshki
Distillation – Advances from Modeling to Applications
Edited by Sina Zereshki
Published by InTech
Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
Copyright © 2012 InTech
All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for
commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which
ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work
has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in
any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the
work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify
the original source.
As for readers, this license allows users to download, copy and build upon published
chapters even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly
credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications.
Notice
Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors
and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the
accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no
responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any
materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book.
Publishing Process Manager Martina Blecic
Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic
Cover Designer InTech Design Team
First published March, 2012
Printed in Croatia
A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com
Additional hard copies can be obtained from [email protected]
Distillation – Advances from Modeling to Applications, Edited by Sina Zereshki
p. cm.
ISBN 978-953-51-0428-5
Contents
Preface IX
Part 1 Modeling and Simulation 1
Chapter 1 Modeling and Control Simulation
for a Condensate Distillation Column 3
Vu Trieu Minh and John Pumwa
Chapter 2 Energy Conservation in Ethanol-Water Distillation
Column with Vapour Recompression Heat Pump 35
Christopher Enweremadu
Chapter 3 The Design and Simulation of the
Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate and
the Product Separation Process Plant 61
Feng Wang, Ning Zhao, Fukui Xiao,
Wei Wei and Yuhan Sun
Chapter 4 Batch Distillation: Thermodynamic Efficiency 91
José C. Zavala-Loría and Asteria Narváez-García
Part 2 Food and Aroma Concentration 107
Chapter 5 Distillation of Natural Fatty Acids
and Their Chemical Derivatives 109
Steven C. Cermak, Roque L. Evangelista
and James A. Kenar
Chapter 6 Changes in the Qualitative and
Quantitative Composition of Essential
Oils of Clary Sage and Roman Chamomile
During Steam Distillation in Pilot Plant Scale 141
Susanne Wagner, Angela Pfleger,
Michael Mandl and Herbert Böchzelt
Chapter 7 Distillation of Brazilian Sugar Cane Spirits (Cachaças) 159
Sergio Nicolau Freire Bruno
VI Contents
Chapter 8 Spirits and Liqueurs from
Melon Fruits (Cucumis melo L.) 183
Ana Briones, Juan Ubeda-Iranzo
and Luis Hernández-Gómez
Part 3 New Applications and Improvments 197
Chapter 9 Separation of Odor Constituents by
Microscale Fractional Bulb-To-Bulb Distillation 199
Toshio Hasegawa
Chapter 10 Mass Transport Improvement by PEF –
Applications in the Area of Extraction and Distillation 211
Claudia Siemer, Stefan Toepfl and Volker Heinz
Chapter 11 Membrane Distillation: Principle, Advances,
Limitations and Future Prospects in Food Industry 233
Pelin Onsekizoglu
Chapter 12 The Separation of Tritium Radionuclide from
Environmental Samples by Distillation Technique 267
Poppy Intan Tjahaja and Putu Sukmabuana
Preface
Distillation is probably one of the oldest systematic processes in the field of chemistry
and chemical engineering which goes back to the first century AD. The initial concepts
were applied in the production of distilled water. Distillation was a single step batch
process at the beginning. However, fractional distillation as is used today was
developed more than 10 centuries later.
Distillation has a wide application range in the industries from food to petroleum
refinery nowadays. Distillation towers are still the symbol of chemical and
petrochemical industry. During decades many improvements and optimizations have
been made to this process along with the new technologies and findings, particularly
before the 20th century. Although distillation is considered as a matured industrial
process, there are yet many ways open for research in this field. Combining other
technologies with distillation in the form of hybrid processes in order to merge the
advantages of the both processes and avoid the inherent weaknesses of each process,
e.g. distillation of azeotropic mixtures, is only one of the new improvements to the
field.
Modeling of distillation process significantly helped its understanding and
improvement with the minimum costs. This includes mathematical and theoretical
basics as well as computer aided modeling and simulations. Therefore a main section
of this book is dedicated to the mathematical modeling and simulation of distillation.
The next section will discuss few experimental case studies mainly in the field of food
processing and odor and aroma extraction. Several new concepts and applications of
other novel technologies in distillation field are moved to the third section. The
majority of the chapters in this section are on food applications as well.
The respected authors of the chapters are well-known professionals and it is my
pleasure to acknowledge their kind contribution to this book. The collected chapters
provide valuable knowledge on research and development of distillation technology.
Both the fundamental concepts and practical experiences provided by the learned
authors could certainly be a useful insight for the interested researchers in distillation
field.
X Preface
As the editor, I would like to appreciate again the nice work of all the authors of
different chapters as well as the open access publisher which did the best to provide a
quality book.
February 2012
Dr. Sina Zereshki
Chemical Engineering Department,
Kermanshah University of Technology, Kermanshah
Iran
