disk arrays, flash memory, and distributed storage networks

180 Pages·2015·5.39 MB·English

Lehigh University
Lehigh Preserve
Theses and Dissertations
2011
Coding for storage: disk arrays, flash memory, and
distributed storage networks
Nattakan Puttarak
Lehigh University
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Recommended Citation
Puttarak, Nattakan, "Coding for storage: disk arrays, flash memory, and distributed storage networks" (2011).Theses and Dissertations.
Paper 1144.
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CODING FOR STORAGE: DISK
ARRAYS, FLASH MEMORY AND
DISTRIBUTED STORAGE
NETWORKS
by
Nattakan Puttarak
A Dissertation
Presented to the Graduate Committee
of Lehigh University
in Candidacy for the Degree of
Doctor of Philosophy
in
Electrical Engineering
Lehigh University
September 2011
⃝c Copyright 2011 by Nattakan Puttarak
All Rights Reserved
ii
This dissertation is accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
(Date)
Professor Tiffany Jing Li
(Dissertation Advisor)
(Accepted Date)
Professor Tiffany Jing Li
(Dissertation Advisor)
Professor Shalinee Kishore
Professor Meghanad D. Wagh
Professor Liang Cheng
(Department of Computer Science and Engineering)
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iv
To my parents, my sister, my brother-in-law, and my niece.
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Acknowledgements
ThisPhDworkwouldnothavebeencompletedwithoutagreatdealofsupport
and guidance from a number of people. In order to show my gratitude towards
these people, I would like to dedicate this page to them.
First of all, I would like to deeply thank the most important person that
made this dissertation possible, my advisor, Professor Tiffany Jing Li, for
giving me the opportunity to join this research group. With her constant
guidance, expertise, energy and inspiration, she has been my best mentor, and
advisor. I have developed not only my technical skills, attitudes and knowl-
edge, but also unconsciously learned how to attain an optimistic perspective
of life from her. This work would not have been possible without her.
I would also like to express my gratitude to the rest of my committee mem-
bers: Professor Shalinee Kishore, Professor Meghanad D. Wagh and Professor
Liang Cheng who have provided valuable feedback, direction and support in
my research.
I would like to thank Thai Government and the King Mongkut’s Institute
of Technology Lardkrabang (KMITL) for the scholarship which has supported
me throughout the entire graduate program in US.
IwouldnothavegonethroughmyPhDexperiencewithouttheconstantin-
teraction with my fellow lab colleagues and friends. Many thanks to Dr. Peiyu
Tan, Dr. Xingkai Bao, Dr. Kai Xie, Phisan Kaewprapha, Dr. Vitchanetra
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Hongpinyo, and Yang Liu for the invaluable discussion, great support, uncon-
ditional help, and friendship.
Last but not least, I would like to dedicate this dissertation to my family.
I am so grateful to my parents, sister, brother-in-law and my niece whom I
could not have asked for anything more, for their support and encouragement
and for always being there for me when I am facing hardships. I will not be
the person I am today without them.
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Contents
Acknowledgements vii
Abstract 1
1 Introduction 3
1.1 Disk Drives and The Distributed Data Storages . . . . . . . . 6
1.1.1 Notations and Definitions of Disk Arrays . . . . . . . . 8
1.1.2 Backgrounds of the RAID levels and erasure-correcting
codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.2 Coding Theory for Data Storages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.2.1 Reed-Solomon (RS) Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.2.2 LDPC Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.2.3 Parity Array Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
1.3 Flash Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
1.3.1 NOR vs. NAND Flash Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
1.4 Outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2 MDS codes for disk arrays 33
2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.1.1 MDS Codes and Their Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.1.2 Literature Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.2 CGR Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.2.1 Code Construction and Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . 37
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