Discrete Event Modeling and Simulation Technologies: A Tapestry of Systems and AI-Based Theories and Methodologies

419 Pages·2001·14.42 MB·English

by  H. S. Sarjoughian

Discrete Event Modeling
and Simulation Technologies
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
Hessam S. Sarjoughian
E. Cellier
Fran~ois
Editors
Discrete Event Modeling
and Simulation Technologies
A Tapestry of Systems and
AI-Based Theories and Methodologies
A Tribute to the 60th Birthday of Bernard P. Zeigler
With 169 Illustrations
, Springer
Hessam S. Sarjoughian
Franc;:ois E. Cellier
Electrical and Computer Engineering
University of Arizona
P.O. Box 210104
Tucson, AZ 85721-0104
USA
[email protected]
[email protected]
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Discrete event modeling and simulation technologies : a tapestry of systems and
AI-based theories and methodologies / editors, Hessam S. Sarjoughian, Fran~ois E. Cellier.
p. cm.
Papers presented at a conference in March 2000, Tucson, Ariz.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Computer simulation-Congresses. 2. Mathematical models-Congresses.
I. Sarjoughian, Hessam S. II. Cellier, Fran~ois E.
QA76.9.C65D54 2001
003'.3-dc21 00-69257
Printed on acid-free paper.
© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by Springer-Verlag New York, Inc in 2001.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover I st edition 2001
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98765432
SPIN 10770699
ISBN 978-1-4419-2868-9 ISBN 978-1-4757-3554-3 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4757-3554-3
Foreword
The initial ideas behind this edited volume started in spring of 1998 - some
two years before the sixtieth birthday of Bernard P. Zeigler. The idea was to
bring together distinguished researchers, colleagues, and former students of
Professor Zeigler to present their latest findings at the AIS' 2000 conference.
During the spring of 1999, the initial ideas evolved into creating a volume of
articles surrounding seminal concepts pertaining to modeling and simulation as
proposed, developed, and advocated by Professor Zeigler throughout his
scientific career. Also included would be articles describing progress covering
related aspects of software engineering and artificial intelligence. As this
volume is emphasizing concepts and ideas spawned by the work of Bernard P.
Zeigler, it is most appropriate to offer a biographical sketch of his scientific life,
thus putting into a historical perspective the contributions presented in this
volume as well as new research directions that may lie ahead!
Bernard P. Zeigler was born March 5, 1940, in Montreal, Quebec, Canada,
where he obtained his bachelor's degree in engineering physics in 1962 from
McGill University. Two years later, having completed his MS degree in
electrical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, he spent a
year at the National Research Council in Ottawa. Returning to academia, he
became a Ph.D. student in computer and communication sciences at the
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Upon graduation in 1969, he was offered a
job as assistant professor within the same department, where he was promoted to
associate professor four years later. From 1975 to 1980, wishing to expand his
horizons, Dr. Zeigler joined the Department of Applied Mathematics at the
Weizman Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. In 1980 he returned to his alma
mater in Ann Arbor as a visiting professor, and a year later, he joined the faculty
of the Computer Science Department at Wayne State University, Detroit, as full
professor. During his last year at Wayne State University, he served as acting
department head. Since 1985 Professor Zeigler has been with the Department of
Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Arizona.
At the University of Arizona, Dr. Zeigler established himself as a
cornerstone of the computer engineering program. He founded the AI &
Simulation Research Group, which soon became one of the most active and
best-funded research facilities within the department. Year after year, the
research laboratory put out fresh Ph.D.s who were highly sought after by
academia and industry alike. Since 1996 Dr. Zeigler had championed the
establishment of a center for integrative modeling and simulation, which was
officially approved by the Arizona Board of Regents in 2001.
Dr. Zeigler has been a pioneer, visionary, and promoter of research in
vi Foreword
discrete event modeling and simulation. Indeed, Dr. Zeigler's seminal
contributions to the field, as manifest in the Discrete Event System Specification
(DEVS), have fundamentally shaped the existence and evolution of system
theoretic, formal discrete-event modeling, as well as its application to a wide
spectrum of areas in engineering and the sciences. His research contributions
have been recognized by a number of professional societies including IEEE, The
Society for Modeling and Simulation (SCS), and the Institute of Management
Science (TIMS). Dr. Zeigler received Fellow recognition from IEEE in 1995,
the SCS Founders Award - the most prestigious tribute to a simulation
professional - in 2000 and, in 1984, the Best Book Award in simulation from
TIMS for his book Multifaceted Modeling and Discrete Event Simulation.
Dr. Zeigler has authored four books on the foundations of modeling and
simulation and on novel approaches in the area of intelligent systems and
software engineering, which were published by John Wiley, Academic Press,
and Springer-Verlag. In 2000, Zeigler, along with H. Praehofer and T.G. Kim,
coauthored the second edition of his classic book entitled Theory of Modeling
and Simulation, which was first published in 1976 by John Wiley and reissued
in 1984 by the R.E. Krieger publishing company. The second edition, Theory of
Modeling and Simulation: Integrating Discrete Event and Continuous Complex
Systems is already seeing widespread acceptance as a pivotal publication serving
the advancement of the fast-growing field of modeling and simulation. In
addition to these books, Dr. Zeigler has coedited eight books including the
highly influential series on modeling and simulation methodology published by
North Holland and Elsevier. The longevity of use of Dr. Zeigler's publications
speaks to the visionary and seminal nature of his scientific contributions.
Professor Zeigler's research continues to expand the frontiers of modeling
and simulation theory and concepts. He steadfastly has been extending the
frontiers and application of modeling and simulation to ever more challenging
domains. The best measure of recognition for Dr. Zeigler's scientific work is the
wide range of advances in discrete event modeling and simulation made by
researchers in academic, government, and industrial institutions in the Americas,
Europe, Asia, and the Pacific Rim, as documented in this book, where every
contribution, in one way or other, has been influenced by Dr. Zeigler's research.
Professor Zeigler has been relentless in promoting and advancing modeling
and simulation theory and methodology. Together with some of his colleagues,
including most prominently T.!. Oren and M.S. Elzas, he has organized
symposia around the world and cofounded the AI, Simulation, and Planning in
High Autonomy conference. He has served as editor-in-chief of the
Transactions of SCS, and was recently named vice president of SCS
Publications, a position he was asked to fill in order to completely restructure
the society's print and electronic publication offerings. To further advance
modeling and simulation, he has served, and continues to serve, on numerous
editorial boards of highly recognized journals in the field. He has been serving
on National Research Council committees tasked with advising on the future
Foreword vii
role of modeling and simulation in the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S.
government in general. Agencies such as NSF, DARPA, and the U.S. Air Force,
as well as various industries including Lockheed Martin, Raytheon, and
Siemens, have supported Professor Zeigler's research.
With great enthusiasm, we, on the behalf of his many colleagues and
students, look forward to many more years of outstanding contributions by
Bernard Zeigler to the fields of modeling and simulation methodology in
general, and DEVS theory and its extensions in particular. We eagerly anticipate
continued deeper understanding of our world through the tapestry of modeling
and simulation advances woven by Professor Zeigler, his colleagues, and
students. We expect these advances to playa major role in the works of many
other scientists and engineers engaged in the ever more pervasive expanse of
information and knowledge-based science and technology.
Hessam S. Sarjoughian
Fran<;ois E. Cellier
Tucson, Arizona
April 2001
Preface
This volume contains a collection of invited articles that were presented at
AIS'2000, a conference held in March 2000 in Tucson, Arizona, organized in
celebration of the sixtieth birthday of our colleague and friend Bernard P.
Zeigler. Yet, this book is quite different from the ordinary set of conference
proceedings. Every one of the invited speakers had been asked to write an
article that would describe a piece of his or her research that was strongly
influenced by the work of Bernie Zeigler. Hence, although the individual
chapters have been written in isolation, they all follow a common thread, as the
scientific work of Bernie Zeigler, during more than 30 years now, has focused
on a single goal: the advancement of a theory of modeling and simulation that
would bring us to a deeper understanding of the world surrounding us, that
would allow us to communicate our knowledge of this world to one another in
clear and unambiguous terms, and that would enable us to make predictions
about the future, hopefully with the aim of preventing havoc before it would
ever occur.
The volume thence represents a milestone on the way to developing such a
universal theory, the ieri-oggi-domani of this adventurous route to mentally
conquering a world that was physically conquered half a millennium ago; a
milestone, not intended for rest, but for reflection, in order to refocus our efforts
before moving ahead at undiminished speed.
Many of the articles have strong artificial intelligence components. The
reason for this is twofold. First, intelligence is needed to understand the world,
and hence, artificial intelligence is needed to make sense of its models. The
models themselves encode the knowledge about the system under study, but
artificial intelligence is used to organize that knowledge in a systematic and
meaningful way. Second, as the world evolves, so should its models.
Therefore, knowledge is not static, and artificial intelligence is thus needed to
guide the evolution of models.
Managing computer models of complex systems is a difficult enterprise. It
requires strict and rigorous adherence to sound principles of software
engineering. While only few of the articles in this volume address directly and
explicitly such software engineering related issues, principles, practices, and
research, the observant reader will recognize that many of the approaches and
frameworks discussed in this book are founded on well-known concepts,
methodologies, computing frameworks, and practices born out of software
engineering research.
In reverse, modeling and simulation concepts, techniques, and use have a
strong influence on advances in both artificial intelligence and software
x Preface
engineering research. Consequently, the articles presented in this volume,
although centered on modeling & simulation, should be of interest and use also
to researchers and practitioners of artificial intelligence and software
engineering.
We truly hope that you, the readers, will enjoy this compilation of current
knowledge about modeling in general, and discrete-event modeling in particular,
and that you join us in our thank-you to Bernie for his dedication to the
worthwhile undertaking of making sense of this confusing world.
Last but not least, we sincerely thank Xiaolin Hu for his assistance in
typesetting some of the articles. We also wish to acknowledge our appreciation
to Wayne Yuhasz and Wayne Wheeler of Springer-Verlag, New York for their
encouragement and sometimes overstressed patience throughout the duration of
this undertaking.
Hessam S. Sarjoughian
Fran<;ois E. Cellier
Tucson, Arizona
November 2000
Contributors
Chapter 1. Toward a Unified Foundation for Simulation-Based
Acquisition
Hessam Sarjougbian and Franr;ois Cellier
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
The University of Arizona
Tucson, Arizona, 85721-0104, USA
Email: {hessamlcellier}@ece.arizona.edu
Chapter 2. Why Engineering Models Do Not Have A Frame
Problem
NormanFoo
School of Computer Science & Engineering
University of New South Wales
NSW 2052, Sydney, Australia
Email: [email protected]
Chapter 3. Adaptive Designs for Multiresolution, Multiperspective
Modeling (MRMPM)
Paul Davis
RAND Corporation,
Santa Monica, Ca, 90407-2138, USA
Email: [email protected]
Chapter 4. The Role of Uncertainty in Systems Modeling
G eorge KlI· ra' b
a 401 Manchester Road,
Vestal, NY 13850, USA
b Systems Science and Industrial Engineering
State University of New York at Binghamton
Email: [email protected]
Chapter 5. Linguistic Dynamic Systems and Computing with
Words for Modeling, Simulation, and Analysis of
Complex Systems
Feiyue Wang, Yuetong Lin, and James Pu
Department of Systems & Industrial Engineering
The University of Arizona,
Tucson, Arizona, 85721-0020, USA
Email: [email protected]@u.arizona.edu