Discord and Consensus in the Low Countries, 1700-2000

236 Pages·2016·9.639 MB·English

by  Jane Fenoulhet, Gerdi Quist, Ulrich Tiedau (eds.)

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Jane Fenoulhet is Professor of Dutch Studies at UCL. Her research
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FRONT COVER IMAGE:
Jan Asselijn,
The Threatened Swan, c.1650.
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.
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www.ucl.ac.uk/ucl-press
Discord and Consensus in the

Low Countries, 1700– 2000
GLOBAL DUTCH: STUDIES IN LOW COUNTRIES
CULTURE AND HISTORY
Series Editor
ulrich tiedau
Global Dutch explores Netherlandic culture and history through an
international lens. It covers not only the core Dutch language area in
north-west continental Europe but also other places where Dutch cul-
ture has had or continues to have an impact, including parts of the
Americas, southern Africa and south-east Asia. Global Dutch is espe-
cially concerned with relations between Netherlandic cultures and other
cultures – particularly Anglophone – in all periods from the Middle Ages
to the present day.
Discord and Consensus

in the Low Countries,
1700– 2000
Edited by
Jane Fenoulhet, Gerdi Quist and Ulrich Tiedau
First published in 2016 by
UCL Press
University College London
Gower Street
London WC1E 6BT
Available to download free: www.ucl.ac.uk/ ucl- press
Text © Contributors, 2016
Images © Contributors and copyright holders named in the captions
A CIP catalogue record for this book is available
from The British Library.
This book is published under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial
Non-derivative 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). This license
allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the work for personal and
non-commercial use providing author and publisher attribution is clearly stated.
Further details about CC BY licenses are available at http://creativecommons.org/
licenses/by/4.0
ISBN: 978– 1– 910634– 29– 5 (Hbk.)
ISBN: 978– 1– 910634– 30– 1 (Pbk.)
ISBN: 978– 1– 910634– 31– 8 (PDF)
ISBN: 978– 1– 910634– 32– 5 (epub)

ISBN: 978– 1– 910634– 33– 2 (mobi)
DOI: 10.14324/ 111. 9781910634318
Contents

List of figures and tables vii
Introduction: discord and consensus in the Low
Countries, 1700– 2000 1
Ulrich Tiedau
1. Pre- modern Dutch identity and the peace celebrations of 1748 6
Lotte Jensen
2. Gnawing worms and rolling thunder: the unstable harmony
of Dutch eighteenth- century literature 20
Inger Leemans and Gert- Jan Johannes
3. A twice- told tale of a (dis)united kingdom: Thomas Colley
Grattan’s History of the Netherlands (1830, 1833) 38
Raphaël Ingelbien and Elisabeth Waelkens
4. A conflict in words and images, or a conflict between word and
image? An intermedial analysis of graphic novel adaptations
of Hendrik Conscience’s The Lion of Flanders (1838) 57
Christine Hermann
5. Language controversies in the Gazette van Detroit (1916– 1918) 81
Tanja Collet
6. ‘Beyond A Bridge Too Far’: the aftermath of the Battle
of Arnhem (1944) and its impact on civilian life 102
Reinier Salverda
7. ‘A sort of wishful dream’: challenging colonial time and
‘Indische’ identities in Hella S. Haasse’s Oeroeg, Sleuteloog
and contemporary newspaper reviews 118
Stefanie van Gemert
v
8. Reinstating a consensus of blame: the film adaptation
of Tessa de Loo’s De tweeling (1993) and Dutch
memories of wartime 133
Jenny Watson
9. Harmony and discord in planning: a comparative
history of post- war welfare policies in a Dutch– German
border region 151
Marijn Molema
10. Dutch in the EU discourse chain: mimic or maverick? 169
Suzie Holdsworth
Notes 190
Notes on contributors 214
Index of names 219
Subject index 223
vi CONTENTS
List of figures and tables

Figures

Fig. 1.1 Fireworks in The Hague to celebrate the
Peace of Aachen (1749) 9
Fig. 1.2 Riots on Dam Square in Amsterdam, 1748 14
Fig. 2.1 Frontispiece of Lambert Bidloo, Panpoëticon
Batavum: kabinet, waar in de afbeeldingen van
voornaame Nederlandsche dichteren, versameld,
en konstig geschilderdt door Arnoud van Halen [. . .] 22
Fig. 2.2 Portrait of Arnoud van Halen (1673– 1732) 23
Fig. 2.3 The Panpoëticon cabinet at the Dutch literary
society ‘Kunst wordt door Arbeid verkregen’
(‘Art Is Won Through Labour’) 24
Fig. 2.4 Abraham Zeeman, Pileworms gnawing at the
Dutch dykes (1731– 3) 28
Fig. 2.5 Joannes Bemme, Explosion of the gunpowder
ship in Leiden 37
Fig. 4.1 Focalisation, Bob de Moor, De Leeuw van Vlaanderen 63
Fig. 4.2 Worm’s- eye view, Bob de Moor, De Leeuw van Vlaanderen 64
Fig. 4.3 Positioning alongside the Flemings, Bob de Moor,
De Leeuw van Vlaanderen 64
Fig. 4.4 Hidden violence, Bob de Moor, De Leeuw van Vlaanderen 65
Fig. 4.5 Violence, Karel Biddeloo, De Leeuw van Vlaanderen 68
Fig. 4.6 Jan Breydel, Karel Biddeloo, De Leeuw van Vlaanderen 69
Fig. 4.7 Jan Breydel, De Leeuw van Vlaanderen 69
Fig. 4.8 Tax collector, Gejo, De Leeuw van Vlaanderen 71
Fig. 4.9 Willy de Clercq, Express.be, ‘Slechte week voor:
Willy De Clercq’ 71
Fig. 4.10 Spokesman of the Lowlanders, Gejo, De Leeuw
van Vlaanderen 72
Fig. 4.11 Hugo Schiltz, President of the Flemish People’s Union
(Volksunie), 1975–9. 73
vii
Fig. 4.12 Magician, Gejo, De Leeuw van Vlaanderen 73
Fig. 4.13 Urinating boy, Gejo, De Leeuw van Vlaanderen 76
Fig. 4.14 Bilingualism, Gejo, De Leeuw van Vlaanderen 77
Fig. 4.15 Monolingualism, Gejo, De Leeuw van Vlaanderen 78
Fig. 4.16 Antwerps, Gejo, De Leeuw van Vlaanderen 79
Fig. 8.1 Still from Tessa de Loo’s De tweeling (2002) 145
Fig. 8.2 Still from Tessa de Loo’s De tweeling (2002) 147
Fig. 10.1 The institutional chain of discourse 174
Fig. 10.2 Hybrid language representations 178
Fig. 10.3 Faraway threats 181
Fig. 10.4 Supranational and intergovernmental relationships 185
Fig. 10.5 Intergovernmental and supranational relationships 188
Tables

Table 9.1 Socio- economic indicators 155
viii LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES
Introduction: discord and consensus

in the Low Countries, 1700– 2000
Ulrich Tiedau
For two and a half balmy days in September 2014, the 10th International
Conference of the Association for Low Countries Studies (ALCS) took
place at University College London, kindly supported by the Nederlandse
Taalunie (Dutch Language Union).1 Accompanied by readings from
award- winning poet Ester Naomi Perquin, in part inspired by her expe-
riences of conflict as a Dutch prison warden,2 and a show- and- tell session
with impressive items from peaceful and less- peaceful times in the his-
tory of the Low Countries, held by Marja Kingma, the curator of Dutch
and Flemish collections at the British Library,3 the conference brought
together researchers from the UK, the Low Countries and further afield
(from Budapest to Berkeley), exploring the theme of discord and consen-
sus in the Low Countries through the centuries.
All countries, regions and institutions are ultimately built on a
degree of consensus, on a collective commitment to a concept, belief or
value system. This consensus is continuously rephrased and reinvented
through a narrative of cohesion and challenged by expressions of dis-
content and discord. The history of the Low Countries is characterised
by both a striving for consensus and eruptions of discord both internally
and through outside challenges. This volume, based on selected papers
from the conference, explores consensus and discord in a Low Countries
context along and across broad cultural, linguistic and historical lines.4
It has become an accepted truism that after the turmoil of the
sixteenth- century Revolt and until the more recent upsets caused by the
political murders of Pim Fortuyn and Theo van Gogh in the early 2000s,
the Netherlands have largely led a peaceful existence. While consen-
sus loomed large in the political culture of the proverbial Dutch ‘polder
model’, discord and conflict could be found throughout the eighteenth
1