Dinosaurs. A golden exploring earth book

52 Pages·1977·6.39 MB·English

by  Alice Fitch Martin, Bertha Parker

Contents
Outo ft hPea st 3
. . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SinctehW eo rlBde gan 4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HowW eF inOdu t 6 •
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TheA geo fR eptiles 10
. . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .•.
TheR uliRnegp tiles 14
. . . . . . . ...... . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .
GiaPnlta Enatt ers 16
. . . . .... . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lightweights 22
. . . . . . . . . . . . ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
GiaMnte aEta ters 24
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PlatDeidn osaurs 28
. .. . . . . . . ...... . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . .
ArmorDeidn osaurs 30
. . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DuckbiBlolnse,h eaadnsdP, a rrBoeta ks 32
. . . . .... . . . .
HornDeidn osaurs 36
. . . . . . . . . . . . ........ . . . . . . . . . .
FlyiRnegp tiles 40
. . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Marine Reptiles 42
. . . . . . . . . . ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EarBliyr adnsd M ammals 46
. . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ . .
TheE ndo ft heL ine 48
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EX··PLOREIANRGT H
A GOLDEN BOOK
DINOSAURS
Dinosaurs-th"otseer rilbilzea rdosf"t hep ast-
illustdr iantf eulclo lorm;a mmothp laneta ters,
terrifmyeiantge atersst,r angdeu ckbilled
anda rmorde gian,tf slyirnegp tilaensd,
hugec reaturferso ma ncienste as;
fascinatfiancgta sb outth esaen d
manym ore
By
AlicFei tcMha rtiann d
BerthMao rriPsa rker
Illustrbayt ed
Hamilton Greene,
RoberKto rta,
RudolpFh. Z allinger
ando thers
Coverb y
Rod.R uth
�GOLDENP RESS
. ®
WesterPnu blishCionmgp anyI,n cR.a cinWei,s consin
Copyright1©9 73b yW esternP ublishiCnogm pany,I ncI.l lustratoino npsa ges2 2,3 6,a nd 46
fromC REATURES OF THE PAST© 1965b y Harper& Row.A llr ightrse served,
includitnhge r ighotf r eproductiionwn h oleo ri np arti na nyf orm.P rinteidn U .S.A.
GOLDEN PRESS@, GOLDEN,a nd A GOLDEN EXPLORINGE ARTH BOOK aret rademarks
ofW esternP ublishiCnogm pany,I nc.
Whens ucah lei-fsirzees ttoiroains
elcetorniclalayn iamtedt,h ec reature
seem·as mlosta sr elaa st hea nimals
we seea tt hez oo.
/
Outo ft hPea st
No oneh ase vesre ena dinosaaunrd, foundo uta bouwte reh ugea ndp ower­
no onee verw illT.h e dinosauwresr e fulm eate aters.
longgo nef romt hee artbhy t het immea n Int heitri met,h ed inosauwresr en u­
appeareOdu.r m ammalf orerunnoefr sm erouasn dw idespreaandd,t herwee re
dinosaduary s wehraei rlyi ttclree aturemsa ny differeknitn dsS.o me wereb ig,
that probsapbelnmyto sto ft heilri vess omel ittTlhee.r ew eret aloln ess,h ort
jusgtr ubbifnogrf ooda ndt ryitnogk eep onesl,o nogn esa,n dfl aotn esS.o mew alked
outf romu ndetrh ed inosaurs. on twol egss,o meo n fourT.h erwee re
Then amed inosacuorm esf romt wo dinosauwrist hh ornsd,i nosauwrist h
Greekw ordsm eanin"gt erribalned" webbedf eeta,n dd inosauwrist hh eavy
"lizarAdc.t"u altlhyed, i nosawuerrsen ot coatosfa rmorT.h erwee rteo othldeisnso ­
lizaradlst,h ouglhi,kt eh el izartdhse,y saurasn dd inosauwrist hs om anyt eeth
werre eptialnedsm ;a nyo ft hemw eren ot thayto uc oulcdo untth emb yt heh undred.
terriabtal lel T.h eyw ereg ivetnh en ame Hoovecsl,a wssp,i ketso,p knoatnsd,r uff­
becaussoem eo ft hefi rsotn ess cientisltiskc eo llaorfbs o nea rea mongt heg reat
varieotfty h intghsa fitt teddi ffereknitn ds
ofd inosaufrosrt heipra rticuwlaayrso f
lifOen.e thihnogw,e vearl,l d inosaurs
hadi nc ommonT:h eyh adl egtsh alti fted
theibro dieusp off theg rounsdo t hat
thecyo ulrdu no rl eaopr s tomapb out.
Durinmgo sto ft heisrt aoyn e artthh,e
dinosauwresr et heu ndispurtuelde orfs
thel and. Trheeiigrn -tlhoen geisntt he
histoorfty h ee arth-lafsotrme odr et han
100m illiyoena rsW.h ate ndedi ti s a
mystery.
As recentalsay b ouat hundreyde ars
agon,o o nee veng uesstehda tth erhea d
everb eens ucha nimalass dinosaurs.
Todayt heinra mei sa househowlodr d.
We havet oyd inosauarnsdb ooksa nd
gameasn dp uzzlaebso udti nosauTrhse.r e
ared inosacuarr toocnh aractienrt sh e
movieasn di nc omisct riWpes .c ang ot o
museumasn ds eem ountesdk eletoofn s
dinosauSrosm.ep arkasn dm useumhsa ve
life-rseiszteo ratwieo cnasnl ooka ta nd
wondeart T.h ep ictusrheo wssu cah res­
toratioofnS tegosauornueso ,f t hes o­
callpelda tdeidn osaurs.
3
Sincet he Wordl Began
Eveansl onagg aos t hdea yosfd ino­thCee nozboeigcoa,nn l6 y5m illyieoanr s
suarst,h eera twha so ldI.th adb ene ag.To os hoownt, h sea msecl aet,ht ei me
wheienlagr ouanndda routnhdse u n,m anh aesx iswtoeudcl adfl olar d viision
spinansi nwgie tnf tro,b illoifyo ensas r att hrei ghfitn tetos o eowe ti hoaum ta g­
beofrteh ewreer dei naous.r sInb et­hneiy nfigg lsas.
ginntihnegwr,ee rn eol ivtihnigan tag l.sl Scienctainsnstoasty jutshtee ra htohw
Thec habretl otwe lal lsi totftl hee began. Otnheas tei etdmoesb a eb orne
stoorfty h eera tfhor,m i tbsi rtsho m5e oubty A plolmoo ofinn diinsg stt hhea t
billyiaeoransg od owtno t hper eseneta.rw tahsf r omebdy t hbena gianngd
Motso fi ts tanfdoasr l onsrgtte cohf stictkoighneegotr fb odliieoksue mr o on
timaeb owuhti cwhek novwe rlyil tet.a st hewyh iraloreudn .dt hseu nE.ve n­
Thper ato fe arhtihsy tw oekr nomwo stt uahlelabytu,i ulpdt e eipn stihdee young
aboiustt h e ipnacdrletuid n t hnea rroewa ratnhtd,h reo cky comroel tteunrn.e d
bandastt hfea rri ghtb-atnhdtesh atV olncoaessp ewoeudlt a va.
cover6 0tm0hi el lyiaeoronsf t hPea leo­Thee alrya tmospwhaesar mei xture
zoiMces,o zoaincCd,e o nzoeirc.a s ofa mmonainado thpeori sognaosuess .
ThMe esozwohiiclc,ah s 1t6em5di lliIonni tfl oataed de ncsaen oopfcy l ouds,
yeairss ,o cftaelntl heAedg eo fR eiplste. fromefdor mw atvearp eosrc afporimn g
Iwta tsh romuugchoh ft his ttihmee t htreho ac.tRk asipnosru eddo wann gdr da­
dnioasurrsu ltehdee a r.Ot uhro wne ra,u alflroym etdh oec eTahne.lr eieb f gea.n
chloorphyll­
oldeksnto wn
rocks-formed early apperaedi np lant
3.5b illion livgi n cel2l.s5 b ililon
birtohf yearsa go thigns yearsa go
Earth-
4.5b illion
yearasgo
Thet ime twhhafietrnls it vtihnigcn ag­ Througthhofieur ths latof "f thPea leo­
pabolfpe r oduoctihnelgir ikste saepl­fz oitch,lea e dianngi mwaelrasel i ln v­er
peraewda osv etrh rbeiel lyiaeroasng o­tebsr-attahenei mwailtsh bocaubkto nes.
probasbolmye tbiemtew teheeenra t'hs Chiaemfo ntgh ewme rter biiltoTehse.
one-bilalnitdow -noitblhl iborintdthyah.s timiesc altlheAedg eo fI nveretse.b rat
Thnee xt egvreiennattte h s tyoo rft he Duriintg, fisfihrebsscat,k o bntehaden i­
earwtahts hdee vemleonoptft hger eenm als, maapdper eatanhTceheieq.ryu ickly
pigmechnlto roWpihtychlh llo.op rhylblce,a mseon umertohutasht me i ddplee­
livcienlcglo su ldt hueesen er goyfs un­rioodft hPea leoizsco aielcdtl hAeg e
ligthomt a kfeoo df rot hemsoeulotvf e so fF ihses.
chemiicnta hlsese Ian.t hper octehsesy, ThAeg oef F ishefslo lwwoeabdsy t he
addoexdy gteotn h aei r. CoaAlg. eT hCeo aAlg ceo ujludas swt e ll
Witahb etstuepyrpo lffo od agnrdo w­bec altlheAedg oef A mphibfiroaa nms­,
inagm ouonfot xsye gnl,i fe dceovuelldop ph ibwiearnteshl eae dianngia mlFsr.o m
ata f satrear.t B eyt hbee ignnionftg h e thetmh repe tislpersaB nytg h.te i mteh e
Paleoazlotlih bcei, gg r ouopfas n imalPsa leiocez nodetdhr,ee pthialpdeu ss hed
nowi ne xiset-eenxcctehbpeact bk onedt haem phiabiseaiT.ndh sii tssh tei wmhee n
gorupt,h oen et ow hicwheo urseltvhedesi nossa appuerraeadn bd ceamteh e
bleong-ahpeapade rd. ruloeftr hsee ra t.h
simplpel nast anda nimasl
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60
Thel asdti nosaduiresd m oret han
milliyoena rbse fotrhee rwee raen yp eople
ont hee artOhf.c oursteh,e nn,o w ritten
recorhdasv ec omed ownt ou sf romd ino­
saudra yst ot eluls a boutth esfea ntastic
creatuHroewse.v ewre,k nowm ucha bout
thema ndo thelri vitnhgi nogfsl onagg o,
becaussec ienthiasvtels e arnteod" read
storiiensr "o cks.
Allt het racfeosu ndi nr ockosf t he
livitnhgi nogfsp asatg easr ec allfeods sils.
Shelltse,e tahn,d b oneasr ec ommonf os­
silTsh.e v erfiyr sdti nosafuors sfiolusn d
weret eeth.
Them eni nt hep ictubreel oawr ed igging
outt heb oneosf a dinosaTuhre.b ones
arep etrifiPeedt.r ifimeeda ns" turnteod
stoneT.h"e b onewse rep etrifiiendt his
way:W hent hed inosaduire di,ts ankt o Byf atrh eg reatneusmtb eorf f ossairles
theb ottoomf a pondI.n t imei,t bso dy foundi nr egiownhse rem anyl ayerosf
wasc overewdi thm ud.T he sofpta rts water-mardoec ka rep ileodn eo n top
rottaewda yl,e avionngl tyh eb onesL.it tleo fa notheEra.c hl ayeirsl iketloyb ea
byl ittmlien,e raflrso mt hew atefirl leudp chaptienrt hes toroyf t hel ivitnhgi ngs
every tinyi nts phaebc oen esT.h en theo fp asatg esI.ti se astyo u nderstand that,
watetro oakw ay, bbyib ti tt,h eb onem a­ ift hel ayeorfsr ocikn a regiohna ven ot
terial itselmfi,n erlaeilansiv tipsnl ga ce.b eend isturbtehdeo, l dersotc kasr ea tt he
Atl astth eb onew asa lls tonaen,d t he bottotmh,e n ewesotn t he top.
layeorf m ud arounidt h adt urnetdoa No onec oulcdo unotn havinmgu ch
layeorfs olirdo ck. succeasssa fosshiuln teirfh ew ento ut
to mtihdedo lfaefi eladn ddu dgo wn toP erhyaophus av em adaep lasctaesrt
the loafry oecbrkes l oFwo.s hsuinlt ibnygp oiunrwge ptl satienrta mo o ladn d
iesa swiheessrtte ar mesh avdeo nseo mel ettiithn ragd .eS nomdei nosfsaosuirl s
oft hdei ggnienegd Oends .t eveapl leayrc ea sotfds i nosfooatuprr .Si upnptosse
sleospa,f soshiuln tcearn ndoetp eonnd as mladli nolseaaftuf roo tpriinamn utd ­
lookiantag r oclka yaenrds eewihnagt d yb anLka.t wehri,tl hefe oo ptriwnats
fsosairltesob eh afdro t hdei ggbiuntg c,l eaanrsd h rap,t hail cakyo efsr a nwda s
ofteans heolrtl h een odf a b onmea y washuepod v etrhm eu d.fi lIliten td h e
stiocukat n sdh otwh atth earrefe so silfsoo tprainndct o vetrheegd r ouanldl
tob eh a.d arouintId.nt imbeo,tt hhm eu da ntdh e
Sigonffs so sialresea stioes ri gihnt sanwde rcee menitnsetodol r iokdcW. h en,
arride giwohnestr,he ge r ouinsad l moslto nagftw earrtdh,le a yoefsr a ndsatnodn e
barteh,a nr eiigonno sfg raasnsdt er es.t hlea yoefmr u dstwoenrseep alpiattr hte,
Theb dalanidnts h wee stpearrton ft he improiftn htde i nosfaooutsr t'sishl olw ed
UnitSetda atnedCs a nafdroae ,x amplient, h meu dstaonndre,i, s uipnf orgm t he
have ugpig vraeetnn u mebrosfd inosasuarn des,tt hoenwraeas c aosftt hfeoo t.
bonaensod t hfesors ils.
Alsnou emroiunms a nfyso sbielda sr e
dinaousfroo tpr.Ti hnetb sopyci turiesd
resthiifnseeg tin thfeoo ptrionfat h uge
dinosTahuefro o.t priismn otr teh aan
yarldo nPgi.c tugriead niatn oslauumr­
beringt hamelu dodnbygna ko fa p ond
som1e5 m0i llyieoanar gs.o S intchee
creawteuirgemh aneydt onistf,ese tma de
deefopot priintn hsteos mft u dB.yc ahnce,
thfioost prwiannsto d tit suerdbA.s c en­
turayft ecre ntwuernybt y t,h meu d
chantgoes do lriod.cH kow amzaetdh e
litbtolwyeo ulbdei ft hmeo nsttheart
madteh per isnhto usluded ndlayp pare!
dniosaulrge bone
dinaousr
skeleton
dinsoaucra st
fotopnrsti
Foyrae rasft er tfhsoes oifilfdrs is nto o­ft hreo cmka ym eagne ttoiunmtga n y
saursd iwsecrroeesvd cee,in itsctosuo lnydl smaplile cpeesr,hh aupnsed drTsh.ef so ­
guetshsad ti noslaiukmreos s,rt e ptisliehslu, n tmeayrh vaet ou spei ecweoso do f
laeigd.g T shesno mpeer tifieegdgw se rea nidr oann edv ebna ndatgohe oslt dh e
fuonadl ongsideo fts hdkeie snlaoeutropsnar st osfa b rokbeonnt eo getIhfte hre.
thlaatti ehdm T.h ouogthh erss ihnacbveoe n iens o tto loa rhgeem ,ay c ovieatrl l
turneudpe ,g gsn oatr ec ofmsomso.in l switphl earst.
Locatafi sonsgii sol ft eonn lys maa ll Larfgsoes mialybs es oh evayt htahte y
prato fg tetiintIg.fa h untefruo nhda,sa rhera dt oh anldeT.h pe erfitiesdk uolfl
foirn scteat,nh beo noefsa g iadnitn oo­neg redaitn oswahuerpn,a ckaendd
sauhreh, a ash eoafhd i tmh leo ng, rheaartddob y e s hiepdtp o musewuomr k­
a
taosfkd iggtihneogmu otft hreo ctkh eys howpe,i gohveer3d , 05p 0ounds!
arien H.e m ayn eesdh ovhealmmse,r s, Buidlintghf eso sbioln oefas n a ncient
picokrse ,v ednyn amittole o osteehmn. animianlta so k eolnme atyt akmeo tnhs
y
Ab ig bohnaevb emeaebynr okaetsn o meo fw or.Bk isot fr ocrke maionnit nhge
tmied uritnhageg easn,gd ettiiton ugt bonmeuss btec hpipeadw aayn,dt hen
8