Digital Techniques in Echocardiography

172 Pages·1987·9.983 MB·English

by  Steven B. Feinstein (auth.), J. Roelandt (eds.)

DIGITAL TECHNIQUES IN ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
DEVELOPMENTS IN
CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
Recent volumes
Hanrath P, Blelfeld W. Souquet, J. eds: CardIOvascular diagnosIs by ultrasound. Transesophageai, computerIzed,
contrast, Doppler echocardiography. 1982. ISBN 90-247-2692-1.
Roelandt 1, ed: The practice of M-mode and two-dImensional echocardlography. 1983. ISBN 90-247-2745-6.
Meyer 1, Schweizer P, Erbel R, eds: Advances in nomnvasive cardiology. 1983. ISBN 0-89838-576-8.
Morganroth 1, Moore EN, eds: Sudden cardiac death and congestive heart failure: Diagnosis and treatment. 1983.
ISBN 0-89838-580-6.
Perry HM, ed: Lifelong management of hypertension. 1983. ISBN 0-89838-582-2.
laffe EA, ed: BIOlogy of endothehal cells. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-587-3.
Surawicz B, Reddy CP, Prystowsky EN, eds: TachycardIas. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-588-1.
Spencer MP, ed: CardIac Doppler dIagnoSIs. 1983. ISBN 0-89838-591-1.
VIllarreal H, Sambhl MP, eds: TopIcs in pathophysIOlogy of hypertenSIon. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-595-4.
Messerli FH, ed: Cardiovascular disease 10 the elderly. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-596-2.
Simoons ML, Reiber lHC, eds: Nuclear imagmg 10 chmcal cardiology. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-599-7.
Ter Keurs HED1, Schlpperheyn 11, eds: Cardiac left ventricular hypertrophy. 1983. ISBN 0-89838-612-8.
Spereiakis N, ed: PhysIOlogy and pathophysIOlogy of the heart. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-615-2.
Messerli FH, ed: Kidney 10 essentIal hypertensIOn. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-616-0.
Sambhl MP, ed: Fundamental fault in hypertensIOn. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-638-1.
MarcheSI C, ed: Ambulatory monitoring: Cardiovascular system and allied applications. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-642-X.
Kupper W, MacAlpin RN, Bleifeld W, eds: Coronary tone in ISchemic heart dISease. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-646-2.
Sperelakls N, Caulfield lB, eds: Calcium antagonists: Mechamsms of actIOn on cardiac muscle and vascular smooth
muscle. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-655-1.
Godframd T, Herman AS, Wellens D. eds: CalcIum entry blockers 10 cardiovascular and cerebral dysfunctions. 1984.
ISBN 0-89838-658-6.
Morganroth J, Moore EN, eds: Interventions III the acute phase of myocardial infarctIon. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-659-4.
Abel FL, Newman WH, eds: Functional aspects of the normal, hypertrophied, and faihng heart. 1984.
ISBN 0-89838-665-9.
Sideman S, Beyar R, eds: Simulation and imaging of the cardiac system. 1985. ISBN 0-89838-687-X.
Van der Wall E, Lie KI, eds: Recent views on hypertrophic cardIOmyopathy. 1985. ISBN 0-89838-694-2.
BeamISh RE, Singal PK, Dhalla NS, eds: Stress and heart disease. 1985. ISBN 0-89838-709-4.
BeamISh RE, PanaglO V, Dhalla NS, eds: PathogenesIS of stress-induced heart disease. 1985. ISBN 0-89838-710-8.
Morganroth J, Moore EN, eds: CardIac arrhythmIas. 1985. ISBN 0-89838-716-7.
Mathes E, ed: Secondary prevention In coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. 1985.
ISBN 0-89838-736-1.
Lowell Stone H, Weglicki WB, eds: Pathology of cardIOvascular injury. 1985. ISBN 0-89838-743-4.
Meyer 1, Erbel R, Rupprecht Hl, eds: Improvement of myocardIal perfusion. 1985. ISBN 0-89838-748-5.
Reiber JHC, Serruys PW. Slager CJ: QuantItative coronary and left ventricular cIneangiography.
1986. ISBN 0-89838-760-4.
Fagard RH, Bekaert IE, eds. Sports cardIology. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-782-5.
Reiber JHC. Serruys PW, eds: State of the art In quantitatIve coronary arteriography. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-804-X.
Roelandt 1, ed: Color Doppler Flow Imaging. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-806-6.
Van der Wall EE, ed: Noninvasive Imaging of cardiac metabohsm. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-812-0.
LIebman J, Plonsey R, Rudy Y, eds: Pediatnc and fundamental electrocardIography. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-815-5.
HIlger HH, Hombach V, Rashkind Wl, eds: Invasive cardIOvascular therapy. 1987. ISBN 0-89838-818-X
Serruys PW, Meester GT, eds: Coronary anglOplasty: a controlled model for Ischemia. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-819-8.
Tooke JEt Smaje LH: Chmcal investigation of the microcirculation. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-819-8.
Van Dam RTh, Van Oosterom A, eds: Electrocardiographic body surface mappmg. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-834-1.
Spencer MP, ed: Ultrasomc diagnosIs of cerebrovascular disease. 1987. ISBN 0-89838-836-8.
Legato MJ, ed: The stressed heart. 1987. ISBN 0-89838-849-X.
Roelandt 1, ed: DIgital techmques 10 echocardlOgraphy. 1987. ISBN 0-89838-861-9.
Sideman S, Beyar R, eds: Activation, metabolism and perfusIOn of the heart. 1987.
ISBN 0-89838-871-6.
DIGITAL TECHNIQUES IN
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
edited by
1. ROE LANDT
Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University,
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
1987 MARTIN US NIJHOFF PUBLISHERS •
a member of the KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS GROUP
DORDRECHT I BOSTON I LANCASTER
Distributors
for the United States and Canada: Kluwer Academic Publishers, P.O. Box 358,
Accord Station, Hingham, MA 02018-0358, USA
for the UK and Ireland: Kluwer Academic Publishers, MTP Press Limited,
Falcon House, Queen Square, Lancaster LAI lRN, UK
for all other countries: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, Distribution Center,
P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Dlgital techniquf's 10 echocard1ography.
(Developments in cardiovascular mediclne)
Includes bibliographies and index.
t. Ultrasonlc cardlography--Digttal techIllques.
2. Contrast echocardiography--Dlgltal techm ques.
1. Roelandt, Jos. II. Series. [DNLM: 1. Echocardio
graphj--ulC'thods. 2. Heart--radlonuc llde lmag iog.
WI DE99)VME / we 141.5.E2 D572]
RC683.5.USD54 198) 616.1'207543 86-33217
ISBN-13: 978-94-010-7985-3 e-ISBN -13: 978-94-009-3307-1
DOl: 10.1007/978-94-009-3307-1
Copyright
© 1987 by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1987
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of
the publishers,
Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, P.O. Box 163, 3300 AD Dordrecht,
The Netherlands.
v
Table of Contents
Preface VII
List of Contributors IX
PART ONE: CONTRAST ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
1. Developments in echo contrast agents 3
S.B. Feinstein
2. Quantitative radiofrequency analysis of sonicated echo contrast
agents 13
S.M. Powsner & S.B. Feinstein
3. Computer techniques in contrast echocardiography 29
S.B. Feinstein
4. Myocardial contrast 2-dimensional echocardiography: analysis of
myocardial perfusion 39
F.l. ten Cate
5. Quantitative contrast echocardiography: what can the practicing car-
diologist expect? 47
R.S. Meltzer
PART TWO: TISSUE CHARACTERIZATION
6. Quantitative acoustic characterization of the myocardium 61
R.H. Hoyt, S.M. Collins & D.l. Skorton
7. Clinical approaches to echocardiographic tissue characterization 87
D.G. Gibson & R.B. Logan Sinclair
PART THREE: LEFT VENTRICULAR FUNCTION
8. Automatic contour finding and digital subtraction technique in 2-di-
mensionaJ echo cardiography 99
E. Grube, H. Becher & B. Bocks
9. Digitised M-modes: the clinical yield 123
R.J.C. Hall
VI
10. Reliability and accuracy of echocardiography for follow-up studies
after intervention 133
R. Erbel, B. Henkel, G. Schreiner, C. Steuernagel, R. Zahn,
H. Kopp, W. Clas, R. Brennecke, P. Schweizer & J. Meyer
11. Real-time, orthogonal cardiac imaging 155
J. Kisslo, J.E. Snyder & O.T. Von Ramm
Index of subjects 167
VII
Preface
Cardiac ultrasound has rapidly developed into one of the most important clinical
methods for diagnosis and follow-up of patients with heart disease and has
changed the practice of cardiology permanently. In addition to improving image
quality, most of the progress relies on digital image acquisition, storage, and
quantitative analysis equipment. Automatic endocardial detection and three
dimensional reconstruction are now being developed. The progress with contrast
echocardiography for myocardial perfusion imaging and results with tissue
characterization is slow, but ever increasing, illustrating that the full potential of
the method has not yet been explored. All of these digital techniques are
extensively dealt with in this volume. Computerized tools will help the clinical
cardiologists in their daily practice and stimulate further development to gen
uinely improve patient care in the coming years.
We wish to thank the authors to this volume for their excellent contribution and
Mrs. T. van der Kolk for secretarial assistance.
IX
Contributors
F.J. ten Cate
Thorax Center, Erasmus University, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The
Netherlands
R. Erbel
II Medical Clinic, Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, P.O.
Box 3960, D-6500 Mainz, FRG
Co-authors: R. Zotz, B. Henkel, G. Schreiner, C. Steuernagel, R. Zahn,
H. Kopp, W. Clas, R. Brennecke, P. Schweizer, J. Meyer
S.B. Feinstein
Division of Cardiology, Box 44, University of Chicago, 950 East 59th Street,
Chicago, IL 60637, USA
D.G. Gibson
Department of Cardiology, Brompton Hospital, Fulham Road, London SW3
6HP, UK
Co-author: R.B. Logan Sinclair
E. Grube
Medical University Clinic, Cardiology-Internal Medicine, Sigmund Freudstr.
25, 0-5300 Bonn 1, FRG
Co-authors: H. Becher & B. Backs (Cand. Inform., Konigstrasse 25, D-5300
Bonn 1, FRG)
R.J.C. Hall
Cardiology Department, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Queen Victoria Road,
Newcastle upon Tyne, NEI 4LP, UK
R.H. Hoyt
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences
Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
Co-authors: S.M. Collins & D.l. Skorton; Dept of Internal Medicine,
University of Iowa, Iowa City, TA 52242, USA
J.A. Kisslo
Department of Medicine, Duke University, P.O. Box 3818, Durham, NC
27710, USA
x
Co-authors: J.E. Snyder & O.T. von Ramm (Biomedical Engineering,
Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
R.S. Meltzer
Cardiology Division, Mount Sinai Medical Center, One Gustave Levy Pl.,
New York, NY 10029, USA
S.M. Powsner
Division of Cardiology, Box 44, University of Chicago, 950 East 59th Street,
Chicago, IL 60637, USA
Co-author: S.B. Feinstein
Part One: Contrast Echocardiography