Table Of ContentDIGITAL
GEOGRAPHIES
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DIGITAL
EDITED BY
JAMES ASH I ROB KUCHIN I AGNIESZKA LESZCZYNSKI
(DSAGE
Los Angeles | London | New Delhi
Singapore | Washington DC | Melbourne
(DSAGE
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Singapore | Washington DC | Melbourne
SAGE Publications Ltd Chapter 1 © James Ash, Rob Chapter 12 © Daniel Arribas-Bel
1 Oliver’s Yard Kitchin and Agnieszka 2019
55 City Road Leszczynski 2019 Chapter 13 © James Ash 2019
London EC1Y 1SP Chapter 2 © Agnieszka Chapter 14 © Sam Kinsley 2019
Leszczynski 2019 Chapter 15 © Gillian Rose 2019
SAGE Publications Inc. Chapter 3 © Andres Luque-Ayala Chapter 16 © Mark Graham and
2455 Teller Road 2019 Mohammed Amir Anwar 2019
Thousand Oaks, California 91320 Chapter 4 © Martin Dodge 2019 Chapter 17 © Matthew Zook 2019
Chapter 5 © Matthew W. Wilson Chapter 18 © Lizzie Richardson
SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd 2019 2019
B 1/1 1 Mohan Cooperative Industrial Area Chapter 6 © Tim Schwanen Chapter 19 © Bruno Moriset 2019
Mathura Road 2019 Chapter 20 © Dorothea Kleine
New Delhi 110 044 Chapter 7 © Jim Thatcher 2019 2019
Chapter 8 © Rob Kitchin and Chapter 21 © Rob Kitchin 2019
SAGE Publications Asia-Pacific Pte Ltd Tracey Lauriault 2019 Chapter 22 © Taylor Shelton 2019
3 Church Street Chapter 9 © Meghan Cope 2019 Chapter 23 © Linnet Taylor 2019
#10-04 Samsung Hub Chapter 10 © Hilary Geoghegan Chapter 24 © Jason C. Young
Singapore 049483 2019 2019
Chapter 11 © David O’Sullivan Chapter 25 © Jeremy Crampton
2019 2019
First published 2019
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CONTENTS
Contributor Biographies Vll
1 Introducing Digital Geographies
James Ash, Rob Kitchin, and Agnieszka Leszczynski
y DIGITAL SPACES 11
2 Spatialities 13
Agnieszka Leszczynski
3 Urban 24
Andres Luque-Ayala
4 Rural 36
Martin Dodge
5 Mapping 49
Matthew W. Wilson
6 Mobilities 60
Tim Schwanen
J II DIGITAL METHODS 71
7 Epistemologies 73
Jim Thatcher
8 Data and Data Infrastructures 83
Rob Kitchin and Tracey Lauriault
9 Qualitative Methods and Geohumanities 95
Meghan Cope
10 Participatory Methods and Citizen Science 106
Hilary Geoghegan
11 Cartography and Geographic Information Systems 118
David O ’Sullivan
12 Statistics, Modelling, and Data Science 129
Dani Arribas-Bel
CONTENTS
III DIGITAL CULTURES 141
13 Media and Popular Culture 143
James Ash
14 Subject/ivities 153
Sam Kinsley
15 Representation and Mediation 164
Gillian Rose
IV DIGITAL ECONOMIES 175
16 Labour 177
Mark Graham and Mohammad Amir Anwar
17 Industries 188
Matthew Zook
18 Sharing Economy 200
Lizzie Richardson
19 Traditional Industries 210
Bruno Moriset
V DIGITAL POLITICS 223
20 Development 225
Dorothea Kleine
21 Governance 238
Rob Kitchin
22 Civics 250
Taylor Shelton
23 Ethics 260
Linnet Taylor
24 Knowledge Politics 270
Jason C. Young
25 Geopolitics 281
Jeremy W. Crampton
Index 291
©
CONTRIBUTOR BIOGRAPHIES
Mohammad Amir Anwar is a researcher at the Oxford Internet Institute. Amirs
research focus is on the political economy of neoliberal globalization in the global
South, mainly in India and Africa, with a particular interest in the growth of the
knowledge economy in sub-Saharan Africa and its developmental impacts.
Dani Arribas-Bel is Lecturer in Geographic Data Science and member of the
Geographic Data Science Lab at the University of Liverpool. Dani is interested in
computers, cities, and data. His work focuses on the spatial dimension of cities,
computational methods, and new forms of data.
James Ash is a geographer and Senior Lecturer in Media Studies at Newcastle
University. His work investigates the cultures, economies, and politics of digital
interfaces. He is author of The Interface Envelope: Gaming, Technology; Power and
Phase Media: Space, Time and the Politics of Smart Objects.
Meghan Cope is a Professor in the Geography Department at the University of
Vermont. Her areas of interest include urban geography, geographies of children
and youth, race geographies, qualitative research methods, and qualitative GIS. She
is currently working on a digital project in historical geographies of childhood
called ‘Mapping American Childhoods’.
Jeremy W. Crampton is a Professor at the University of Kentucky. His interests
consist of critical approaches to mapping, geosurveillance, and security. His work
emphasizes how and why the geoweb, spatial big data, and algorithmic govern
ance produce urban and everyday subjectivities and well-being. He is currently
working on a new book entitled The Map and the Spyglass: Automation, Algorithms
and Anxiety.
Martin Dodge is a Senior Lecturer in Geography at the University of Manchester.
His intellectual interests focus on the social and spatial enrolment of digital tech
nologies as well as research on urban historical geography and the politics of maps.
He has co-authored three books on digital technologies: Mapping Cyberspace, Atlas
of Cyberspace, and Code/Space.
CONTRIBUTOR BIOGRAPHIES
Hilary Geoghegan is Associate Professor of Human Geography at the University
of Reading. Hilary’s research explores enthusiasm and more-than-rational ways of
knowing the world. Most recently, she has pursued this interest through interro
gating the motivations of volunteers, scientists, policy-makers, and practitioners
involved in citizen science, as well as via a study of more-than-human tree health
management.
Mark Graham is Professor of Internet Geography at the Oxford Internet
Institute, a Senior Research Fellow at Green Templeton College, and a Faculty
Fellow at the Alan Turing Institute. He is interested in who benefits most and least
from the world’s increasing connectivity.
Sam Kinsley is a Lecturer in Geography at the University of Exeter. His teaching,
research, and associated writing explore geographies of technology by unpicking
what ‘technologies’ are and how they are involved in our understandings and
experiences of space. He has presented and published his research in various dis
ciplinary contexts.
Rob Kitchin is a professor and ERC Advanced Investigator at the National
University of Ireland, Maynooth. He has been researching digital geographies for
two decades. His books include Cyberspace, Mapping Cyberspace, Atlas of Cyberspace,
Code/Space: Software and Everyday Life, The Data Revolution, and Code and the City.
He is presently (co)principal investigator of the Programmable City project and
the Building City Dashboards project.
Dorothea Kleine is Professorial Research Fellow at the University of Sheffield
where she leads the Digital Technologies, Data and Innovation group at the
Sheffield Institute for International Development. She is the Chair of the Digital
Geographies Working Group of the UK Royal Geographical Society (with IBG).
Her research investigates sustainable human development, global justice, and the
role of digital technologies in making progress towards these aims.
Tracey Lauriault is an Assistant Professor of Critical Media and Big Data in the
School of Journalism and Communication, Communication Studies, at Carleton
University in Ottawa. Her research focus is part of a new field entitled critical
data studies.
Agnieszka Leszczynski is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Geography
at Western University in London, Ontario. Her work engages the social, economic,
and technological shifts associated with the commercialization of digital location
through studying a number of phenomena, including map-based apps, location-based
services, sensors, and geocoded content.
CONTRIBUTOR BIOGRAPHIES
Andres Luque-Ayala is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Geography
at Durham University. His research focuses on the politics of urban infrastructures
in the global South. Currently he is working on the coupling of digital and mate
rial infrastructures as a new security apparatus in the city.
Bruno Moriset is Associate Professor in the Department of Geography and
Planning at Jean Moulin University Lyon 3, France. His research focuses on the
geography of information technology and the digital economy. He is co-author,
with Edward J. Malecki, of The Digital Economy: Business Organization, Production
Processes and Regional Developments.
David O’Sullivan is Professor of Geography and Geospatial Science at Victoria
University of Wellington, New Zealand with research interests in simulation models
and geographic complexity, urban neighbourhood change, and the social implica
tions of geospatial technology. He is author of numerous peer-reviewed papers, and
co-author of Geographic Information Analysis and of Spatial Simulation.
Lizzie Richardson is Leverhulme Early Career Fellow in the Department of
Geography, Durham University. Much of her current research examines the rela
tionships between technology, culture, and work.
Gillian Rose is a cultural geographer. She is Professor of Human Geography at
the University of Oxford. She has a long-standing interest in how images mediate
relations with places, spaces, and landscapes, and in visual methods. Her current
research focuses on digital visualizations, and in particular how they are shifting
our experiences of cities.
Tim Schwanen is Associate Professor in Transport Studies and Director of the
Transport Studies Unit, a research institute in the School of Geography and
the Environment of the University of Oxford. His research is concerned with the
geographies of mobility and addresses broader theoretical and empirical questions
about inequality, well-being, socio-technical transitions, and processes of techno
logical innovation.
Taylor Shelton is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Geosciences at
Mississippi State University. His research interests lie at the intersection of digital
geographies, critical GIS and urban geography. In particular, his work focuses on
how new sources of data can be used to rethink urban socio-spatial inequalities.
Linnet Taylor is Assistant Professor of Data Ethics, Law and Policy at the Tilburg
Institute for Law, Technology, and Society (TILT), where she leads the ERC-
funded DATAJUSTICE project. Her research focuses on global data justice — the
CONTRIBUTOR BIOGRAPHIES
development of a framework for the ethical and beneficial governance of data
technologies across different regions and perspectives.
Jim Thatcher is an Assistant Professor at the University of Washington Tacoma.
His research examines the recursive relations among extremely large geospatial
datasets, the creation and analysis of those datasets, and society.This work often falls
into critical data studies or digital political ecology.
Matthew W. Wilson is Associate Professor of Geography at the University of
Kentucky, Visiting Scholar at the Center for Geographic Analysis at Harvard
University, and the Distinguished Larry Bell Visiting Associate Professor at The
University of British Columbia. His is the author of New Lines.
Jason C. Young is a Senior Research Scientist with the Information School at the
University ofWashington. His research interests include digital geographies, indig
enous knowledge systems, knowledge politics, and participatory research design.
He has worked on digital projects with indigenous communities in the Peruvian
Amazon and the Canadian Arctic.
Matthew Zook is Professor of Information and Economic Geography in the
Department of Geography at the University of Kentucky. His research focuses on
the production, practices and uses of big geodata and how code, algorithms, and
mobile digital technologies help shape everyday, lived geographies.
