Table Of ContentDigital Forensics
and Internet of Things
Scrivener Publishing
100 Cummings Center, Suite 541J
Beverly, MA 01915-6106
Publishers at Scrivener
Martin Scrivener ([email protected])
Phillip Carmical ([email protected])
Scrivener Publishing
100 Cummings Center, Suite 541J
Beverly, MA 01915-6106
Publishers at Scrivener
Martin Scrivener ([email protected]) Digital Forensics
Phillip Carmical ([email protected])
and Internet of Things
Impact and Challenges
Edited by
Anita Gehlot
Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, India
Rajesh Singh
Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, India
Jaskaran Singh
Forensic Sciences, Sharda University, India
and
Neeta Raj Sharma
Biotechnology & BioSciences, Lovely Professional University, India
This edition first published 2022 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
and Scrivener Publishing LLC, 100 Cummings Center, Suite 541J, Beverly, MA 01915, USA
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
ISBN 978-1-119-76878-4
Cover image: Pixabay.Com
Cover design by Russell Richardson
Set in size of 11pt and Minion Pro by Manila Typesetting Company, Makati, Philippines
Printed in the USA
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Contents
Preface xiii
1 Face Recognition–Based Surveillance System: A New
Paradigm for Criminal Profiling 1
Payal Singh, Sneha Gupta, Vipul Gupta, Piyush Kuchhal
and Arpit Jain
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Image Processing 6
1.3 Deep Learning 7
1.3.1 Neural Network 9
1.3.2 Application of Neural Network in Face Recognition 10
1.4 Methodology 10
1.4.1 Face Recognition 10
1.4.2 Open CV 11
1.4.3 Block Diagram 11
1.4.4 Essentials Needed 12
1.4.5 Website 12
1.4.6 Hardware 12
1.4.7 Procedure 12
1.5 Conclusion 16
References 17
2 Smart Healthcare Monitoring System: An IoT-Based Approach 19
Paranjeet Kaur
2.1 Introduction 19
2.2 Healthcare at Clinics 21
2.3 Remote Healthcare 21
2.4 Technological Framework 21
2.5 Standard UIs, Shows, and User Requirements 23
2.5.1 Advantages 23
2.5.2 Application 23
2.6 Cloud-Based Health Monitoring Using IoT 24
v
vi Contents
2.7 Information Acquisition 24
2.8 The Processing of Cloud 25
2.9 IoT-Based Health Monitoring Using Raspberry Pi 25
2.10 IoT-Based Health Monitoring Using RFID 26
2.10.1 Sensor Layer 27
2.10.2 Network Layer 28
2.10.3 Service Layer 28
2.11 Arduino and IoT-Based Health Monitoring System 28
2.12 IoT-Based Health Monitoring System Using ECG Signal 29
2.12.1 System Model 30
2.12.2 Framework 30
2.13 IoT-Based Health Monitoring System Using
Android App 31
2.13.1 Transferring the Information to the Cloud 33
2.13.2 Application Controls 33
2.14 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 33
References 34
3 Design of Gesture-Based Hand Gloves Using Arduino UNO:
A Grace to Abled Mankind 37
Harpreet Singh Bedi, Dekkapati Vinit Raju,
Nandyala Meghanath Reddy C. Partha Sai Kumar
and Mandla Ravi Varma
3.1 Introduction 38
3.1.1 Block Diagram 38
3.1.2 The Proposed New Design 39
3.1.3 Circuit Diagram 40
3.2 Result and Discussion 40
3.2.1 Data Analysis 41
3.3 Conclusion 41
3.4 Future Scope 42
References 42
4 Playing With Genes: A Pragmatic Approach
in Genetic Engineering 45
Prerna Singh and Dolly Sharma
4.1 Introduction 46
4.2 Literature Review 47
4.3 Methodology 48
4.3.1 Plasmid Method 48
4.3.2 The Vector Method 49
4.3.3 The Biolistic Method 49
Contents vii
4.4 Food and Agriculture 50
4.5 Impact on Farmers 53
4.6 Diseases: Gene Editing and Curing 54
4.7 Conclusion 56
4.8 Future Scope 56
References 57
5 Digital Investigative Model in IoT: Forensic View 59
Suryapratap Ray and Tejasvi Bhatia
5.1 Introduction 59
5.1.1 Artificial Neural Network 60
5.2 Application of AI for Different Purposes
in Forensic Science 61
5.2.1 Artificial Intelligence for Drug Toxicity and Safety 61
5.2.2 Crime Scene Reconstruction 62
5.2.3 Sequence or Pattern Recognition 62
5.2.4 Repositories Building 63
5.2.5 Establishment of Connection Among
the Investigating Team 63
5.2.6 Artificial Intelligence and Expert System in Mass
Spectrometry 63
5.2.7 AI in GPS Navigation 65
5.3 Future of AI 66
5.4 Challenges While Implementing AI 67
5.4.1 Unexplainability of AI 67
5.4.2 AI Anti-Forensics 67
5.4.3 Connection Interruption Between the Cyber
Forensics and AI Communities 67
5.4.4 Data Analysis and Security 68
5.4.5 Creativity 68
5.5 Conclusion 68
References 69
6 Internet of Things Mobility Forensics 73
Shipra Rohatgi, Aman Sharma and Bhavya Sharma
6.1 Introduction 74
6.2 Smart Device and IoT 75
6.3 Relation of Internet of Things with Mobility Forensics 76
6.3.1 Cyber Attack on IoT Data 77
6.3.2 Data Recovery from IoT Devices 78
6.3.3 Scenario-Based Analysis of IoT Data as Evidence 79
6.4 Mobility Forensics IoT Investigation Model 80
viii Contents
6.5 Internet of Things Mobility Forensics: A Source
of Information 82
6.6 Drawbacks in IoT Devices Data Extraction 82
6.7 Future Perspective of Internet of Things Mobility Forensics 84
6.8 Conclusion 84
References 85
7 A Generic Digital Scientific Examination System
for Internet of Things 87
Shipra Rohatgi and Sakshi Shrivastava
7.1 Introduction 88
7.2 Internet of Things 89
7.3 IoT Architecture 91
7.4 Characteristics of IoT 92
7.5 IoT Security Challenges and Factors of Threat 94
7.5.1 Effects of IoT Security Breach 95
7.6 Role of Digital Forensics in Cybercrime Investigation
for IoT 96
7.6.1 IoT in Digital Forensic 96
7.6.2 Digital Forensics Investigation Framework
for IoT Devices 98
7.6.3 Road Map for Issues in IoT Forensics 99
7.7 IoT Security Steps 102
7.7.1 How to Access IoT Security 103
7.8 Conclusion 107
References 108
8 IoT Sensors: Security in Network Forensics 111
D. Karthika
8.1 Introduction 111
8.2 Cybersecurity Versus IoT Security
and Cyber-Physical Systems 112
8.3 The IoT of the Future and the Need to Secure 114
8.3.1 The Future—Cognitive Systems and the IoT 114
8.4 Security Engineering for IoT Development 115
8.5 Building Security Into Design and Development 115
8.6 Security in Agile Developments 116
8.7 Focusing on the IoT Device in Operation 117
8.8 Cryptographic Fundamentals for IoT Security Engineering 118
8.8.1 Types and Uses of Cryptographic Primitives
in the IoT 118
8.8.1.1 Encryption and Decryption 119
Contents ix
8.8.1.2 Symmetric Encryption 120
8.8.1.3 Asymmetric Encryption 121
8.8.1.4 Hashes 122
8.8.1.5 Digital Signatures 123
8.8.1.6 Symmetric (MACS) 123
8.8.1.7 Random Number Generation 124
8.8.1.8 Cipher Suites 125
8.9 Cloud Security for the IoT 125
8.9.1 Asset/Record Organization 126
8.9.2 Service Provisioning, Billing, and Entitlement
Management 126
8.9.3 Real-Rime Monitoring 126
8.9.4 Sensor Coordination 127
8.9.5 Customer Intelligence and Marketing 127
8.9.6 Information Sharing 127
8.9.7 Message Transport/Broadcast 128
8.10 Conclusion 128
References 129
9 Xilinx FPGA and Xilinx IP Cores: A Boon to Curb
Digital Crime 131
B. Khaleelu Rehman, G. Vallathan, Vetriveeran Rajamani
and Salauddin Mohammad
9.1 Introduction 132
9.2 Literature Review 132
9.3 Proposed Work 132
9.4 Xilinx IP Core Square Root 136
9.5 RTL View of the 8-Bit Multiplier 140
9.5.1 Eight-Bit Multiplier Simulation Results
Using IP Core 144
9.6 RTL View of 8-Bit Down Counter 145
9.6.1 Eight-Bit Down Counter Simulation Results 145
9.7 Up/Down Counter Simulation Results 149
9.8 Square Root Simulation Results 150
9.9 Hardware Device Utilization Reports of Binary
Down Counter 154
9.10 Comparison of Proposed and Existing Work
for Binary Up/Down Counter 156
9.10.1 Power Analysis of Binary Up/Down Counter 159
9.11 Conclusion 160
References 160
