Diggers at the Well: Proceedings of a Third International Symposium on the Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Ben Sira (Studies of the Texts of the Desert of Judah)

322 Pages·2000·15.14 MB·English

by  Takamitsu Muraoka

DIGGERS AT THE WELL
STUDIES ON T HE TEXTS
OF T HE DESERT OF JUDAH
EDITED BY
F. GARCIA MARTINEZ
A. S. VAN DER WOUDE
ASSOCIATE EDITOR
P.W. FLINT
VOLUME XXXVI
'׳68י'
DIGGERS AT THE WELL
Proceedings of a Third International Symposium on the
Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Ben Sir a
EDITED BY
T. MURAOKA &J.F. ELWOLDE
BRILL
LEIDEN · BOSTON · KÖLN
2000
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme
Diggers at the well : proceedings of a Third International Symposium
on the Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Ben Sira ; [held in October
1999 at Ben-Gurion-University of the Negev] / ed. by T. Muraoka and J.
F. Elwolde. - Leiden ; Boston ; Köln : Brill, 2000
(Studies on the texts of tile desert of Judah ; Vol. 36)
ISBN 90-04-12002-5
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is also available
ISSN 0169-9962
ISBN 90 04 12002 5
© Copyright 2000 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands
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PRINTED IN THE NETHERLANDS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface jj
v
Abbreviations ix
M.F.J. Baasten, Existential Clauses in Qumran Hebrew 1
M. Bar-Asher, A few remarks on Mishnaic Hebrew and
Aramaic in Qumran Hebrew 12
J. Blau, A Conservative View of the Language of
the Dead Sea Scrolls 20
A. Borg, Some Observations on the יטשה םוי Syndrome
in the Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls 26
C. Cohen, A Philological Réévaluation of some Significant
DSS Variants of the MT in Isa 1 -5 40
H. Dihi, Non-biblical Verbal Usages in the Book of
Ben Sira 56
J.F. Elwolde, rwqmh in the Damascus Document and
Ps 139:15 65
M. Eskhult, Verbal Syntax in Late Biblical Hebrew 84
S.E. Fassberg, The Syntax of the Biblical Documents from
the Judean Desert as Reflected in a Comparison of
Multiple Copies of Biblical Texts 94
A. Hurvitz, Was QH a "Spoken" Language? On some
Recent Views and Positions: Comments 110
J. Joosten, The Knowledge and Use of Hebrew in the
Hellenistic Period: Qumran and the Septuagint 115
TABLE OF CONTENTS
P.-I. Kirtchuk, Some Cognitive and Typological
Semantic Remarks on the Language of 4QMMT 131
M. Kister, Some Observations on Vocabulary and Style
in the Dead Sea Scrolls 137
J. Kugel, Biblical Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha and
the Hebrew of the Second Temple Period 166
S. Moragt, On Some Concepts in the World of Qumran:
Polysemy and Semantic Development 178
T. Muraoka, An Approach to the Morphosyntax and
Syntax of Qumran Hebrew 193
W.T. van Peursen, Conditional sentences with •א in the
Protasis in Qumran Hebrew 215
E. Qimron, The Nature of DSS Hebrew and its Relation
to BH and MH 232
W.M. Schniedewind, Linguistic Ideology in Qumran
Hebrew 245
M.S. Smith, The Infinitive Absolute as Predicative Verb in
Ben Sira and the Dead Sea Scrolls: A Preliminary Survey 256
INDICES
Index of Texts 269
Index of Subjects 271
Index of Semitic Words and Phrases 273
Index of Greek and Latin Words 274
WORKS CITED 276
PREFACE
The undersigned have the pleasure of presenting the proceedings of a
research workshop sponsored by the Israel Science Foundation under
the theme of "The Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls and its Relationship
to other Contemporaneous Hebrew Dialects," held in October 1999 at
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, if not exactly within the earshot
of those ancient scholars and scribes who penned and copied the
scrolls, a most appropriate location for such a gathering which may
have caused those sages to turn in their graves, whether smiling or
frowning. The symposium was organised jointly by Profs. E. Qimron,
D. Sivan, both of Beer-Sheva, and Prof. T. Muraoka of Leiden, who
were pleased to note that it was attended by significantly more scholars,
whether reading a paper or not, than at the second symposium held in
Leiden two years earlier.
One of the contributors to this volume, who was to present the
opening lecture, was taken away from us shortly before the symposium.
Fortunately, the manuscript was ready at his departure and read by his
widow, Mrs Shoshana Morag. This volume is dedicated to his memory
out of profound respect for his scholarship.
There were some papers read at the symposium but not included
in this volume: Sh. Elkayam, "The gender of the noun in Ben Sira and
the Dead Sea Scrolls," M.Z. Kaddari, "The syntax of-ט in 4QMMT"
M. Morgenstern, "Biblical Hebrew in the light of the Dead Sea Scrolls.
Some philological notes on the semantic development 'to reveal' > 'to
strengthen'," Y. Neuman, "On the linguistic variants in DJD XV,"
D.W. Parry, "The significance of the unique readings of 4QSanf."
The organisers wish to express their profound appreciation of the
most generous financial assistance provided by the Israel Science
Foundation and the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, which made
it possible to bring so many leading and able scholars together from
various parts of the world for an intense and stimulating scholarly
discussion.
The editors are also grateful to Dr S.E. Fassberg for help with the
preparation of tne manuscript of Prof. Morag ל״ז; to Prof. A.S. van der
Woude and Prof. F. Garcia Martinez for readily accepting this volume
for inclusion in the series Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah
and its publisher, Brill of Leiden.
Dr Wido van Peursen has also put us in debt with initial processing
of some of the manuscripts included in this volume and the making of
a unified bibliography out of bibliographies submitted by each of the
contributors.
12 June 2000
T. Muraoka (Leiden)
J.F. Elwolde (Oxford).
ABBREVIATIONS
abs. absolute
BDB Brown, F., S.R. Driver, and Ch.A. Briggs. 1907. A Hebrew
and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (Oxford:
Clarendon).
Β H Biblical Hebrew
BH Biblia Hebraica
BHS Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia
CBH Classical Biblical Hebrew
CH Classical Hebrew
est. construct
DCH D.J. A. Clines, The Dictionary of Classical Hebrew, vols.
1-4 (Executive ed. J.F. Elwolde; Sheffield: Sheffield
Academic Press, 1993-)
DJD Discoveries in the Judaean Desert (Oxford: Clarendon)
DSS Dead Sea Scrolls
DSSSE F. Garcia Martinez and E.J.C. Tigchelaar, The Dead Sea
Scrolls. Study Edition. 2 vols. (Leiden: Brill, 1998)
GKC Gesenius'Hebrew Grammar as edited and enlarged by the
late E. Kautzsch. Second English ed. revised in accordance
with the twenty-eighth German edition by A.E. Cowley
(Clarendon, 1910)
HAL Koehler, L. and W. Baumgartner (et al.), Hebräisches und
aramäisches Lexicon zum alten Testament, 6 vols. (Leiden:
Brill, 1967-95)
HALOT Koehler, L. and W. Baumgartner (et al.), tr. and ed. M.E.J.
Richardson, The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old
Testament, 4 vols. (Leiden: Brill, 1994-2000)
IA infinitive absolute
impf. imperfect
impv. imperative
inf. infinitive
KB Koehler Baumgartner