Die waarheidsweg Dhammapada : vertaal uit Pali, verklaar, verstaan, vertolk

2017·4.6 MB·Afrikaans

by  Krüger, J. S. (Jacobus Stefanus), 1940- author

Die waarheidsweg
Dhammapada
Vertaal uit Paˉli,
verklaar, verstaan, vertolk
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Book Title: Die waarheidsweg Dhammapada: Vertaal uit Pāli, verklaar, verstaan, vertolk
ISBN: 978-1-928396-19-2 (pdf)
ISBN: 978-1-928396-20-8 (e-book)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/aosis.2017.dwd42
How to cite this work
Krüger, J.S., 2017, Die waarheidsweg Dhammapada: Vertaal uit Pāli, verklaar, verstaan, vertolk, AOSIS, Cape Town.
Printed in South Africa
Cover artwork by
Cecile de Villiers
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Die waarheidsweg
Dhammapada
Vertaal uit Paˉli,
verklaar, verstaan, vertolk
J.S. KRÜGER
Religious Studies Domain Editorial Board at AOSIS
Chief Editor: Scholarly Books
, Post Retirement Professor in the Dean’s Office, Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, South Africa
Andries van Aarde
Board Members
, Professor of New Testament, Brite Divinity School, Fort Worth, United States
Warren Carter
, Dekan der Evangelisch-Theologischen Fakultät der Universität Wien and Ordentlicher Universitätsprofessor für
Christian Danz
Systematische Theologie und Religionswissenschaft, University of Vienna, Austria
, Associate Editor, Extraordinary Professor in Biblical Spirituality, Faculty of Theology, University of the Free
Pieter G.R. de Villiers
State, South Africa
, Department of Theology & Religious Studies, Faculty of Humanities, University of Botswana, Botswana
Musa W. Dube
, Professor of Islamic Studies and Christian-Muslim Relations, Duncan Black Macdonald Center for the
David D. Grafton
Study of Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations, Hartford Seminary, Hartford, Connecticut, United States
, Theologische Fakultät der Universität Leipzig, Germany
Jens Herzer
, Dean of Students and Associate Professor of Pastoral Theology and Pastoral Care, Saint Paul School of
Jeanne Hoeft
Theology, United States
, Associate Editor, Deputy Dean and Professor of Old Testament Studies, Faculty of Theology, University
Dirk J. Human
of Pretoria, South Africa
, Former Chair of the SBL Psychology and Bible Section, and Editor of the Bible Workbench, San Jose,
D. Andrew Kille
United States
, Emeritus Professor Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia
William R.G. Loader
, Associate General Secretary for Public Witness and Diakonia, World Council of Churches, Geneva, Switzerland
Isabel A. Phiri
, Emeritus, Professor of Fundamental Theology, Tilburg School of Catholic Theology, Tilburg University,
Marcel Sarot
The Netherlands
, Professor of Historical and Dogmatic Theology, Emanuel University, Oradea, Bihor, Romania
Corneliu C. Simut
, Professor and Head of Department of Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology, University of South
Rothney S. Tshaka
Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
, Emeritus Professor School of Theology, University of Auckland, New Zealand; Executive Leader,
Elaine M. Wainwright
Mission and Ministry, McAuley Centre, Australia
, Associate Editor, School of Religion, Philosophy and Classics in the College of Humanities, University of
Gerald West
KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Peer Review Declaration
The Publisher (AOSIS) endorses the South African ‘National Scholarly Book Publishers Forum (NSBPF) Best Practice for Peer
Review of Scholarly Books’. The manuscript was subjected to rigorous two-step peer review prior to publication, with the identities
of the reviewers not revealed to the author(s). The reviewers were independent of the publisher and/or authors in question.
The reviewers commented positively on the scholarly merits of the manuscript, and recommended that the manuscript be published.
Where the reviewers recommended revision and/or improvements to the manuscript, the authors responded adequately to such
recommendations.
Research Justification
This book aims to contribute to the understanding of Early Buddhism, specifically the Dhammapada (one of the great classical
religious scriptures of the world) in its historical setting, namely India in the third to fifth centuries BCE, comprising a unique
linguistic, religious and socio-cultural setting. It further aims to contribute to the hermeneutics of bridging the historical gap of
two and a half millennia between ancient India and contemporary society and to bridge the gaps between various cultures
(African, Western, Indian) and religions, mainly theistic religions (specifically Christianity) and Buddhism in contemporary
society. The central foci of this interest are the crucial issues of the existence of God and life after death. The book further
investigates the possibility of a metaphysical mystical model, embarked on by myself over some decades. Lastly, it explores the
field of a translation strategy from classical metaphysical and religious texts, in this case into Afrikaans, which is a relatively new
medium in this field, with unique challenges. Regarding research methodology, the book utilised the historical critical method of
explaining the content of the Dhammapada, taking into account its context. It further used the method (derived from
phenomenology) of understanding the subjective intentionality structure of the original author(s), going back to the Buddha as
well as the method of tendentional interpretation, extrapolating the intentionality structure to a metaphysical-mystical model of
religious ‘peace’. It entails a first-hand study of the text in the original language, as well as of extensive secondary literature on the
aspects noted above. The book contributes to scholarship by unfolding the history and language of this Buddhist text, revealing
the structure of its conceptual edifice, the specific style of its communication of its message and the ultimate goal of this system. It
makes a case for the relevance of this ancient system of thought across various divides. It also makes a case for the relevance of an
inclusive metaphysical mystical theory of all human systems of ultimate meaning and confirms work done in this regard by the
author while offering a translation of the text, regarded as excellent by peers. The target audience of the book is envisaged as three
concentric circles. The centre target consists of scholars in one or more of the fields of Pāli and Buddhist studies, theology,
comparative religious studies and philosophy. Secondly, the text is aimed at readers with a wide education and cultural interest
but not necessarily trained in any of the fields mentioned above. Thirdly, and more peripherally, the book intends being of value
to the general public where inter-religious understanding and dialogue is of great significance on a global scale and of particular
relevance to South African society. The author declares that the manuscript is the outcome of original research on his part. He
confirms that no part of the book was plagiarised or published elsewhere.
, Research Fellow, Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, South Africa
Prof. J.S. Krüger
Navorsingregverdigingsverslag
Hierdie boek wil ’n bydrae lewer tot die begrip van die vroeë Boeddhisme, spesifiek van die Dhammapada (een van die groot
klassieke religieuse geskrifte van die wêreld) in die historiese konteks daarvan, naamlik Indië in die derde tot vyfde eeue VAJ, met
’n unieke taalkundige, religieuse en sosio-kulturele Sitz im Leben. Dit is ook gerig op die hermeneutiek van brug bou oor die
historiese gaping van twee en ’n half millennia tussen antieke Indië en die huidige samelewing en op brug bou oor die gapings
tussen verskeie kulture (Afrika, die Weste, Indië) en religieë, veral die teïstiese religieë (met name die Christendom) en die
Boeddhisme in die huidige samelewing. Die sentrale fokuspunte van hierdie belangstelling is die wesenlike probleem-areas van
die bestaan van God en die lewe na die dood. Die boek het ook ten doel ’n verdere toetsing van die moontlikheid van ’n metafisies
mistieke model waarmee die outeur al ’n paar dekades lank besig is en ’n verdere verkenning van ’n strategie van vertaling uit
klassieke metafisiese en religieuse tekste, in hierdie geval in Afrikaans, wat ’n betreklik nuwe medium op hierdie terrein is, wat
unieke uitdagings bied. Wat navorsingsmetodologie betref, het die boek gebruik gemaak van die histories kritiese metode van
verklaring van die inhoud van die Dhammapada met verwysing na die konteks daarvan. Dit steun ook op die metode (aan die
fenomenologie ontleen) van die verstaan van die subjektiewe intensionaliteitstruktuur van die oorspronklik outeur(s) daarvan,
uiteindelik teruggaande op die Boeddha en die metode van tendensionele vertolking, waarvolgens die intensionele struktuur
geëkstrapoleer word tot ’n metafisies mistieke model van religieuse ‘vrede’. Laastens behels die boek ’n eerstehandse bestudering
van die teks in die oorspronklike taal, sowel as uitgebreide sekondêre literatuur oor die aspekte hierbo. Die boek ontvou die
geskiedenis en taal van hierdie Boeddhistiese teks en bring die struktuur van die stel sentrale konseptuele begrippe, die
kommunikasiestyl van die boodskap en die uiteindelike doel van die stelsel aan die lig. Dit toon die relevansie van hierdie antieke
denkstelsel bo-oor verskeie skeidingsfaktore aan asook die relevansie van ’n insluitende metafisies mistieke teorie van alle stelsels
van uiteindelike menslike betekenistoekenning en bevestig die werk wat in hierdie verband deur die skrywer gedoen is. Laastens
lewer hierdie boek ’n akademiese bydrae deurdat dit ’n vertaling van die teks bied wat deur eweknieë as uitstekend bestempel
word. Die teikenlesers word as drie konsentriese sirkels voorgestel. Eerstens is daar die binne groep wat bestaan uit kenners op
een of meer van die terreine van Pāli en Boeddhistiese studies, teologie, vergelykende godsdienswetenskap en filosofie. Tweedens
is die boek gerig op lesers met ’n gevorderde opleiding, maar nie noodwendig op die terreine hierbo genoem nie, en met ’n breë
kulturele belangstelling en derdens is die boek bedoel as waardevol vir lesers uit die algemene publiek, waar interreligieuse begrip
en dialoog van groot belang is op ’n wêreldskaal, asook van besondere relevansie vir die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing. Die outeur
verklaar dat die manuskrip die uitkoms van oorspronklike navorsing deur homself is, en dat geen deel geplagieer of elders
gepubliseer is nie.
, Navorsingsgenoot, Fakulteit Teologie, Universiteit van Pretoria, Suid-Afrika
Prof. J.S. Krüger

Inhoudsopgawe
Lys van Diagramme x
Voorwoord xi
Outeursbiografie xvii
Deel 1 Inleiding 1
Titel 3
Pāli en Pāli-poësie 4
Uitspraak van Pāli-woorde 5
Plek van die Dhammapada in die Pāli-kanon 6
Historiese agtergrond: Ou Indië 8
Sosiale konteks 9
Kosmologiese en mitologiese konteks 10
Siddhattha Gotama Buddha 13
Geskiedenis van Theravāda 17
Aard van die Dhammapada 19
Ontwikkeling van die Dhammapada 20
Vertaling 23
Verklaring, intensionele verstaan, tendensionele
vertolking 26
Verklaring 26
Intensionele verstaan 27
Tendensionele vertolking 28
Deel 2 Vertaling, verklaring, verstaan, vertolking 35
Hoofstuk 1: Yamakavagga 37
Pare ( )
Hoofstuk 2: Appamādavagga 52
Agsaamheid ( )
Hoofstuk 3: Cittavagga 63
Gemoed ( )
Hoofstuk 4: Pupphavagga 69
Blomme ( )
vii
Inhoudsopgawe
Hoofstuk 5: Bālavagga 81
Dwase ( )
Hoofstuk 6: Panditavagga 96
Die wyse ( )
Hoofstuk 7: Arahantavagga 108
Die arahant ( )
Hoofstuk 8: Sahassavagga 115
Duisende ( )
Hoofstuk 9: Pāpavagga 126
Boosheid ( )
Hoofstuk 10: Dandavagga 137
Die knuppel ( )
Hoofstuk 11: Jarāvagga 148
Ouderdom ( )
Hergeboorte 159
Boeddhisme (nibbāna) en Christendom (opstanding) 162
Hoofstuk 12: Attavagga 165
Die self ( )
Hoofstuk 13: Lokavagga 173
Die wêreld ( )
Hoofstuk 14: Buddhavagga 182
Die Verligte ( )
Hoofstuk 15: Sukhavagga 194
Geluk ( )
Hoofstuk 16: Piyavagga 202
Behae ( )
Hoofstuk 17: Kodhavagga 212
Woede ( )
Hoofstuk 18: Malavagga 225
Smette ( )
Hoofstuk 19: Dhammatthavagga 244
In die waarheid staande ( )
Hoofstuk 20: Maggavagga 260
Die pad ( )
Wêreld, mens, God 268
Wêreld 268
Mens 270
God 270
Hoofstuk 21: Pakinnakavagga 282
Allerlei ( )
Hoofstuk 22: Nirayavagga 292
Ondergang ( )
Hoofstuk 23: Nāgavagga 301
Die olifant ( )
Hoofstuk 24: Tanhāvagga 310
Begeerte ( )
Die anatomie van begeerte 310
viii
Inhoudsopgawe
Hoofstuk 25: Bhikkuvagga 328
Die monnik ( )
Hoofstuk 26: Brāmanavagga 343
Edel mens ( )
Geselekteerde aanbevole literatuur 374
Indeks 377
ix