Diagnosis and Management of Adult Congenital Heart Disease: Expert Consult - Online and Print (Expert Consult) 2nd Edition

523 Pages·2010·89.28 MB·English

by  Michael A. Gatzoulis MD PhD

Diagnosis anD
ManageMent of
aDult Congenital
Heart Disease
Diagnosis and Management of adult Congenital Heart Disease iii
Diagnosis anD
ManageMent of
aDult Congenital
Heart Disease
s e c o n d e d i t i o n
Michael A. Gatzoulis, MD, PhD, FACC, FESC
Professor of Cardiology, Congenital Heart Disease
Consultant Cardiologist
Adult Congenital Heart Centre and Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension
Royal Brompton Hospital
National Heart and Lung Institute
Imperial College
London, United Kingdom
Gary D. Webb, MD, CM, FACC
Professor of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine
University of Cincinnati
Director, Cincinnati Adolescent and Adult Congenital Heart Center
Cincinnati Children’s Hospital
Cincinnati, Ohio
Piers E. F. Daubeney, MA, DM, DCH, MRCP, FRCPCH
Reader in Paediatric Cardiology
National Heart and Lung Institute
Imperial College
Consultant, Paediatric and Fetal Cardiologist
Royal Brompton Hospital
London, United Kingdom
1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd.
Ste 1800
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899
DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF ADULT CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE, SECOND EDITION
ISBN: 978-0-7020-3426-8
Copyright © 2011, 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Ltd.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without
permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the
Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance
Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions.
This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher
(other than as may be noted herein).
Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden
our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become
necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and
using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information
or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom
they have a professional responsibility.
With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the most
current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be
administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and
contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of
their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient,
and to take all appropriate safety precautions.
To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any
liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or
otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the
material herein.
Library of congress cataloging-in-Publication Data
Diagnosis and management of adult congenital heart disease / edited by Michael Gatzoulis,
Gary D. Webb, Piers E. F. Daubeney ; foreword by Joseph K. Perloff.—2nd ed.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-7020-3426-8 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Congenital heart disease. I.
Gatzoulis, Michael A. II. Webb, Gary D. III. Daubeney, Piers E. F. IV. Title.
[DNLM: 1. Heart Defects, Congenital—diagnosis. 2. Adult. 3. Heart Defects, Congenital—
therapy. WG 220]
RC687.D495 2011
616.1'2043—dc22 2010031222
Executive Publisher: Natasha Andjelkovic
Senior Developmental Editor: Ann Ruzycka Anderson
Publishing Services Manager: Patricia Tannian
Team Manager: Radhika Pallamparthy
Project Managers: Claire Kramer, Joanna Dhanabalan
Designer: Steven Stave
Printed in the United States of America
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
To Julie, Mikey, and William
To Anne, Laura, and Natalie
To Nara, Henry, Beatrice, and Daphne

Contributors

DaviD alexanDer, MBChB, FrCa eliSaBeth BéDarD, MD, FrCPC
Consultant Anaesthetist Cardiologist
Royal Brompton and Harefield National Heart and Québec Heart and Lung Institute
Lung Hospital Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
London, United Kingdom
D. WooDroW BenSon, MD, PhD
aBDullah a. alghaMDi, MD, MSC, FrCSC Professor of Pediatrics
Cardiac Surgery Fellow Cincinnati Children’s Hospital
Department of Surgery Medical Center
Division of Cardiac Surgery Cincinnati, Ohio
University of Toronto
Toronto, Ontario, Canada lee BenSon, MD, FrCPC, FaCC, FSCai
Professor of Pediatrics (Cardiology)
raFael alonSo-gonzalez, MD, MSC Pediatrics
Clinical Fellow in Adult Congenital Heart Disease University of Toronto School of Medicine
Royal Brompton Hospital Director, Cardiac Diagnostic and
London, United Kingdom Interventional Unit
Hospital for Sick Children
naSer M. aMMaSh, MD Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Consultant
Cardiovascular Diseases and Internal Medicine Stella D. Brili, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine Consultant, Adult Congenital
Mayo Medical School Heart Disease
Mayo Clinic First Cardiology Department
Rochester, Minnesota University of Athens Hippokration Hospital
Athens, Greece
annaliSa angelini, MD
Associate Professor, Cardiovascular Pathology Craig S. BroBerg, MD, FaCC
Department of Medical-Diagnostic Sciences and Assistant Professor
Special Therapies Director of Adult Congenital
University of Padua Medical School Heart Disease
Padua, Italy Oregon Health and Sciences University
Portland, Oregon
ravi aSSoMull, MBBChir, MrCP
Research Fellow Morgan l. BroWn, MD, PhD
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Unit Resident, Department of Anesthesiology
Cardiologist and Pain Medicine
Imperial College NHS Trust University of Alberta
London, United Kingdom Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Sonya v. BaBu-narayan, MBBS, BSc, MrCP alBert v. g. BruSChke, MD, PhD
Honorary Clinical Research Fellow Emeritus Professor of Cardiology
National Heart and Lung Institute Department of Cardiology
Imperial College London Leiden University Medical Center
Adult Congential Heart Disease Fellow Leiden, The Netherlands
Royal Brompton Hospital
London, United Kingdom Werner BuDtS, MD, PhD
Professor of Medicine
Carl l. BaCker Cardiology
Professor of Surgery Catholic University of Leuven
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Head of Adult Congenital Heart Disease
A. C. Buehler Professor of Cardiovascular-Thoracic Surgery University of Hospitals and Leuven Clinic
Division Head, Cardiovascular-Thoracic Surgery Leuven, Belgium
Children’s Memorial Hospital
Chicago, Illinois aliDa l. P. CaForio
Assistant Professor
CriStina BaSSo, MD, PhD Cardiological, Thoracic, and Vascular Sciences
Associate Professor, Pathology University of Padova Medical School
Department of Medico-Diagnostic Sciences and NHS Senior Staff Cardiologist
Special Therapies Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova–
University of Padua Medical School Policlinico Universitario
Padua, Italy Padova, Italy
vii
viii ContriButorS
DenniS v. CokkinoS, MD BarBara J. Deal, MD
Professor Emeritus Division Head, Cardiology
University of Athens Children’s Memorial Hospital
Director Emeritus M. E. Wodika Professor of
Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center Cardiology Research
Director Cardiovascular Department Feinberg School of Medicine
Biomedical Research Foundation Northwestern University
Academy of Athens Chicago, Illinois
Athens, Greece
JoSePh a. Dearani, MD
JaCk M. ColMan, MD, FrCPC Professor of Surgery
Associate Professor of Medicine (Cardiology) Division of Cardiovascular Surgery
University of Toronto Mayo Clinic
Cardiologist Rochester, Minnesota
Mount Sinai Hospital
Staff Cardiologist, Congenital Cardiac gerharD-Paul Diller, MD, PhD
Centre for Adults Consultant Cardiologist
Peter Munk Cardiac Centre Adult Congenital Heart Disease Programme
Toronto General Hospital and Programme for Pulmonary Arterial
Toronto, Ontario, Canada Hypertension
Royal Brompton Hospital
MiChael S. Connelly, BSc, London, United Kingdom
MBBS, MrCP
Clinical Assistant Professor konStantinoS DiMoPouloS, MD, MSc,
Department of Cardiac Sciences PhD, FeSC
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Consultant Cardiologist
University of Calgary Adult Congenital Heart Centre and Centre for
Staff Cardiologist Pulmonary Hypertension
Peter Lougheed Centre Royal Brompton Hospital and Imperial College
Foothills Medical Centre London, United Kingdom
Calgary, Alberta, Canada
annie Dore, MD, FrCP(c)
heiDi M. Connolly, MD Associate Professor of Medicine
Consultant, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases University of Montreal
Professor of Medicine, College of Medicine Consultant Cardiologist
Mayo Clinic Adult Congenital Heart Centre
Rochester, Minnesota Montreal Heart Institute
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
DoMeniCo CorraDo, MD, PhD
Professor, Cardiovascular Medicine JaCqueline DurBriDge, MBBS, FrCa
Inherited Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Unit Consultant Obstetric Anaesthetist
Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, and Chelsea and Westminster Hospital
Vascular Sciences London, United Kingdom
University of Padova Medical School
Padova, Italy alexanDer r. elliS, MD, MSc, FaaP, FaCC
Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiologist
gorDon CuMMing, BSc (MeD), MD, Children’s Hospital of the King’s Daughters
FrCPC, FaCC, Faha Assistant Professor
Board Certified Insurance Medicine Internal Medicine and Pediatrics
Medical Board Eastern Virginia Medical School
The Great-West Life Assurance Company Norfolk, Virginia
Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
SaBine ernSt, MD
MiChael CuMPer Honorary Senior Lecturer
Chairman Imperial College
Grown Up Congenital Heart Patients Consultant Cardiologist
Association Royal Brompton Hospital
London, United Kingdom Lead Electrophysiology Research
Royal Brompton Hospital
PierS e. F. DauBeney, Ma, DM, DCh, London, United Kingdom
MrCP, FrCPCh
Reader in Paediatric Cardiology SiMon J. Finney, MSc, PhD, MBChB,
National Heart and Lung Institute MrCP, FrCa
Imperial College Consultant in Intensive Care
Consultant, Paediatric and Fetal Cardiologist Adult Intensive Care Unit
Royal Brompton Hospital Royal Brompton Hospital
London, United Kingdom London, United Kingdom
ContriButorS ix
MiChael a. gatzouliS, MD, PhD, FaCC, FeSC haralD kaeMMerer, MD, vMD
Professor of Cardiology, Congenital Professor of Medicine
Heart Disease Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München
Consultant Cardiologist Klinik für Kinderkardiologie und angeborene Herzfehler
Adult Congenital Heart Centre and Centre for Pulmonary Deutsches Herzzentrum München
Hypertension München, Germany
Royal Brompton Hospital
National Heart and Lung Institute Juan PaBlo kaSki, BSc, MBBS, MrCPCh
Imperial College Specialist Registrar
London, United Kingdom Royal Brompton Hospital and Great Ormond Street Hospital
London, United Kingdom
SMitha h. gaWDe, MSc, PhD
Operational Head Paul khairy, MD, PhD, FrCPC
Metropolis Healthcare Ltd. Director, Adult Congenital Heart Centre
Mumbai, India Montreal Heart Institute
Associate Professor
MarC geWillig, MD, PhD Department of Medicine
Professor Canada Research Chair, Electrophysiology and Adult Congenital
Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology Heart Disease
University of Leuven University of Montreal
Leuven, Belgium Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Research Director, Boston Adult Congenital Heart (BACH) Service
georgioS giannakoulaS, MD, PhD Harvard University
Clinical Research Fellow Boston, Massachusetts
Royal Brompton Hospital
London, United Kingdom PhiliP J. kilner, MD, PhD
Consultant in Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
thoMaS P. grahaM, Jr, MD Royal Brompton Hospital and Imperial College
Emeritus Professor London, United Kingdom
Division of Pediatric Cardiology
Vanderbilt University MiChael J. lanDzBerg, MD
Nashville, Tennessee Assistant Professor of Medicine
Harvard Medical School
ankur gulati, Ba honS (CantaB), MB BChir, Director
Ma, MrCP Boston Adult Congenital Heart Program (BACH)
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Research Fellow Associate Director
Cardiology Specialist Registrar Adult Pulmonary Hypertension Program
Royal Brompton Hospital Associate in Cardiology
London, United Kingdom Children’s Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts
aSiF haSan, MB, BS, FrCS
Consultant Cardiothoracic Surgeon Wei li, MD, PhD
Freeman Hospital Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust
High Heaton London, United Kingdom
Newcastle upon Tyne
Tyne and Wear, United Kingdom eMManouil lioDakiS, MD
Research Fellow in Adult Congenital Heart Disease
SieW yen ho, PhD, FrCPath Royal Brompton Hospital
Professor/Consultant London, United Kingdom
Head of Cardiac Morphology
Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust SiMon t. MaCDonalD, BSc(hons), BMBCh,
London, United Kingdom DPhil, MrCP
GUCH Fellow
eriC horliCk, MDCM, FrCPC, FSCai Grown Up Congenital Heart Disease Unit (GUCH) Office
Assistant Professor of Medicine The Heart Hospital
Director, Structural Heart Disease Intervention Service London, United Kingdom
Peter Munk Cardiac Centre
University Health Network–
ShreeSha Maiya, MBBS, MrCP, DCh
Toronto General Hospital
Locum Consultant in Paediatric Cardiology
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust
London, United Kingdom
tiM hornung, MB, MrCP
Clinical Senior Lecturer
larry W. MarkhaM, MD, MS
University of Auckland
Assistant Professor
Cardiologist
Pediatrics and Medicine
Green Lane Congenital Cardiac Service
Vanderbilt University
Auckland City Hospital
Nashville, Tennessee
Auckland, New Zealand