dholera airport update

418 Pages·2016·14.04 MB·English

Environmental Impact Assessment

for

Dholera Greenfield International Airport,

Navagam, Gujarat

Airports Authority of India

NABET Accredited Environmental Consultant

No. 2, 2nd Street, Thangam Colony,
Anna Nagar West, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600040
Tele: 044 2616 1123, www.abctechnolab.com
EIA/EMP for Development of Proposed Dholera Greenfield International Airport
Airports Authority of India Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Compliance of TOR
Executive Summary
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Preamble 1-1
1.2 General Information on Airport Sector 1-2
1.3 Environmental Clearance Process 1-2
1.4 Regulatory Compliance Requirement 1-3
1.5 Terms of Reference 1-4
1.6 Validity of Environmental Clearance 1-6
1.7 Post Environmental Clearance Monitoring 1-6
1.8 Transferability of Environmental Clearance 1-6
1.9 Brief Description of the Project 1-6
1.9.1 Salient features of the site 1-7
1.9.2 Location of Dholera Airport 1-7
1.9.3 Geographical Condition of Dholera 1-8
1.10 Structure of Environmental Impact Assessment Report 1-8

CHAPTER 2 : DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT

2.1 Introduction 2-1
2.2 Need of Dholera Greenfield International Airport 2-1
2.3 Site for Dholera Greenfield International Airport 2-2
2.4 Traffic Potential of the Proposed Greenfield Airport 2-2
2.5 Freight Traffic 2-4
2.6 Annual Aircraft Movement 2-5
2.7 Airport Development 2-6
2.7.1 Runway Length 2-7
2.7.2 Aerodrome Category 2-7
2.7.3 Aerodrome Reference Point 2-9
2.7.4 Runway Orientation 2-9
2.7.5 Runway Dimension 2-9
2.7.6 Runway End Safety Area 2-10
2.7.7 Taxiways 2-10
2.7.8 Size of Apron 2-10
2.7.9 Pavement Strength 2-10
2.7.10 Wind direction Indicator 2-11
2.7.11 Landing Direction Indicator 2-11
2.7.12 Ground Support Equipment (GSE) Parking Area 2-11
2.7.13 ATC Control Tower 2-11
2.8 Fuel Farm 2-11
2.9 Navigational/ Landing Aids (NAVAIDS) 2-11
2.10 Terminal Buildings 2-12
2.11 Cargo Terminal 2-12
2.12 Operational Area Boundary Wall and Perimeter Road 2-13
2.13 Utilities 2-13
2.13.1 Air Conditioning 2-13
2.13.2 Power Requirements 2-13

2.13.3 Water Requirement and Source of Water 2-14

2.13.4 Landscaping Plan 2-14
2.13.5 Parking Facilities at Airport 2-15

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EIA/EMP for Development of Proposed Dholera Greenfield International Airport
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2.13.6 Fire Fighting Facilities 2-15
2.13.7 Rain Water Harvesting 2-17

CHAPTER 3 : DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.1 Introduction 3-1
3.2 Physical Environment 3-1
3.2.1 Topography And Physiography 3-1
3.2.2 Geology & Minerals 3-1
3.2.3 Soil Characteristics 3-2
3.2.4 Water Resource and Water Quality 3-6
3.2.5 Climatology and Meteorology 3-20
3.2.6 Ambient air Quality 3-24
3.2.7 Ambient Noise Level 3-39
3.2.8 Natural Hazards and Disaster Risk 3-40
3.2.9 Landuse Pattern 3-44
3.3 Biological Environment 3-47
3.3.1 Introduction 3-47
3.3.2 Terrestrial Ecology 3-47
3.3.3 Aquatic Ecology 3-54
3.3.4 Coastal Ecology 3-55
3.4 Socio-Economic Environment 3-60
3.4.1 Introduction 3-60
3.4.2 Demographic and Occupational Pattern of Ahmedabad District 3-60
3.4.3 Demographics Details of the Settlements in the Study Area 3-63
3.4.4 Socio-Economic Status of the Study Area 3-64
3.4.5 Cropping Pattern 3-64
3.4.6 Livestock 3-65
3.4.7 Living Standards and Infrastructure 3-65
3.5 Heritage Structures with Study area 3-66

CHAPTER 4: ANTICIPATED OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT &
MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 Introduction 4-1
4.2 Anticipated Impact and Mitigation Measures for Pre-Construction Phase 4-4
4.3 Anticipated Impact and Mitigation Measures for Construction Phase 4-5
4.3.1 Topography & Physiography 4-5
4.3.2 Land Use Pattern 4-6
4.3.3 Soil Quality 4-7
4.3.4 Drainage Pattern 4-8
4.3.5 Flood as Natural Disaster 4-9
4.3.6 Water Resources 4-9
4.3.7 Water Quality 4-10
4.3.8 Ambient Air Quality 4-11
4.3.9 Noise Levels 4-13
4.3.10 Terrestrial Ecology 4-16
4.3.11 Occupational Safety and Health 4-17

4.3.12 Socio-Economic Environment 4-18

4.4 Operation Phase 4-20

4.4.1 Topography and Physiography 4-21

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Airports Authority of India Table of Contents

4.4.2 Water Resources 4-21
4.4.3 Water Quality 4-22
4.4.4 Soil 4-23
4.4.5 Ambient Air Quality 4-23
4.4.6 Noise Levels 4-33
4.4.7 Traffic Management 4-36
4.4.8 Land Use Pattern 4-38
4.4.9 Terrestrial Ecology 4-38
4.4.10 Coastal Environment 4-39
4.4.11 Heritage Structures 4-40
4.4.12 Occupational Hazards and Safety 4-40
4.4.13 Components Creating Impacts to Socio-Economic Environment 4-42

CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

5.1 Introduction 5-1
5.2 Alternative of Project Site 5-1
5.3 Alternative for Energy Conservation 5-6
5.4 Alternative for Conservation of Water 5-6
5.5 Rainwater Harvesting 5-6

CHAPTER 6 : ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

6.1 Statutory Compliance /Returns 6-1
6.2 Environmental Monitoring 6-1
6.2.1 Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring 6-2
6.2.2 Water Quality Monitoring 6-2
6.2.3 Noise Levels Monitoring 6-2
6.2.4 Soil 6-2
6.3 Environmental Reporting System 6-5
6.4 Environmental Monitoring Cost 6-7

CHAPTER 7 : RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

7.1 Introduction 7-1
7.2 Approach for the Risk Analysis 7-1
7.3 Fuel Storage at the Greenfield International Airport 7-1
7.4 Hazard Identification 7-2
7.4.1 Introduction 7-2
7.4.2 Identification of Hazards Due to Storage of HSD and ATF 7-2
7.4.3 Identification of Hazards Based on MSIHC Rule, 2000 7-4
7.4.4 Maximum Credible Accident Analysis (MCAA) 7-7
7.4.5 Scenarios Considered for MCA Analysis 7-8
7.4.6 Risk Mitigation Measures 7-19
7.5 Disaster Management Plan 7-20
7.5.1 Objective of Emergency Planning 7-21
7.5.2 Categorization of Emergencies 7-21
7.5.3 Key Functions of Airport Operator and Other Supporting 7-22
Organizations/Agencies/Services for mitigation of emergency at proposed
International Airport.
7.5.4 Emergency Operations/Coordination Centers Established for Mitigation of 7-23
Emergencies

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EIA/EMP for Development of Proposed Dholera Greenfield International Airport
Airports Authority of India Table of Contents

7.5.5 Media Management 7-25
7.5.6 Emergency Procedures 7-26
7.6 Training and Education 7-28
7.7 Mock Drills and Exercises 7-28
7.8 Updating of Emergency Plan 7-30

CHAPTER 8: PROJECT BENEFITS

8.1 General 8-1
8.2 Direct and Indirect Benefits 8-1
8.3 Improvements in the Physical Infrastructure 8-2
8.4 Socio-Economic Benefits 8-2
8.5 Employment Potential – Skilled; Semi-Skilled and Unskilled 8-2

CHAPTER 9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

9.1 Introduction 9-1
9.2 Environmental management Measures 9-1
9.2.1 Soil 9-1
9.2.2 Water Quality 9-2
9.2.3 Sewage (Waste Water) Management 9-2
9.2.4 Solid Waste Management 9-6
9.2.5 Air Quality 9-8
9.2.6 Noise Levels 9-9
9.2.7 Vehicle Parking and Management 9-10
9.2.8 Energy Conservation Measures 9-10
9.2.9 Minimization of Greenhouse Gas Emissions 9-10
9.2.10 Pesticide Use and Management 9-11
9.2.11 Bird Hazards 9-11
9.2.12 Landscaping and Green Belt Development Plan 9-12
9.2.13 Rain Water Harvesting 9-14
9.2.14 Demographic and Socio-Economic Environment 9-14
9.2.15 Fire Protection Measures 9-15
9.3 Environmental Management Plan 9-16
9.3.1 Environmental Management Cell (EMC) 9-16
9.3.2 Training 9-16
9.3.3 Grievance Redressal Mechanism 9-34
9.3.4 Reporting and Monitoring System 9-34
9.4 Corporate Social Responsibility Program 9-37
9.5 Budget for Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan 9-38

CHAPTER 10: DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT

10.1 Disclosure of Consultant Engaged 10-1
10.2 Expertise of ABC Techno Lab India Private Limited 10-2
10.3 NABET Accredited Environmental Experts Team for EIA Study 10-3

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EIA/EMP for Development of Proposed Dholera Greenfield International Airport
Airports Authority of India Table of Contents

Annexure :

1. Annexure 1: Action Taken Report for Issues / Suggestions / Objections / Opinion Raised by the
Participants During the Public Hearing and Responded by the Representative of the Propjet Proponent.

2. Annexure 2: Minutes of Meeting for Public Hearing Held for Dholera International Airport

3. Annexure 3: Photographs of Public Hearing Held for Dholera International Airport

4. Annexure 4: Copy of Advertisement for dates of Public Hearing Held for Dholera International Airport

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EIA/EMP for Development of Proposed Dholera Greenfield International Airport
Airports Authority of India Table of Contents

List of Tables
CHAPTER 2 : PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Table 2.1 Traffic Forecast of Dholera Greenfield Airport Up-to year 2045-46 2-3
Table 2.2 Freight Tonnage For Planning Process of Cargo Terminals 2-4
Table 2.3 Annual Aircraft Movement 2-5
Table 2.4 Aerodrome Category 2-7

CHAPTER 3 : DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Table 3.1 Soil Characteristics of the Study Area 3-5
Table 3.2 Ground water levels in villages Around Proposed Airport 3-8
Table 3.3 Indian Standard Specification for Drinking Water 3-12
Table 3.4 Ground Water Quality in the Study Area during Post Monsoon Season 3-16
Table 3.5 Analysis Results of Sabarmati River Water 3-19
Table 3.6 Highest and Lowest Temperatures in the Area 3-21
Table 3.7 Wind Speed in the Area 3-21
Table 3.8 Wind Direction in the Area 3-22
Table 3.9 Special Weather Phenomena in the Area 3-23
Table 3.10 Summary of Micro meteorological Conditions near the site 3-23
Table 3.11 Techniques Used For Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 3-29
Table 3.12 National Ambient Air Quality Standards 3-32
Table 3.13 Ambient Air Quality at Pipli Village (AAQM) 3-33
Table 3.14 Ambient Air Quality at Navagam Village (AAQM2) 3-34
Table 3.15 Ambient Air Quality at Kamatalav Village (AAQM3) 3-35
Table 3.16 Ambient Air Quality at Buranpur Village (AAQM4) 3-36
Table 3.17 Ambient Air Quality at Ambli Village (AAQM5) 3-37
Table 3.18 Ambient Air Quality at Mitli Village (AAQ6) 3-38
Table 3.19 Day and Night time Leq for Ambient Noise Levels 3-40
Table 3.20 Broad Scale Vulnerability of Ahmedabad & Bhavnagar Districts 3-42
Table 3.21 Cyclones Crossed Coastal Districts of Gujarat State (1891–2006) 3-42
Table 3.22 Landuse and Land Cover for 10 km Study Area 3-45
Table 3.23 Plant Species Observed in the Area 3-48
Table 3.24 Abundance Rating of Wild Animals 3-51
Table 3.25 Checklist of Birds In The Area 3-52
Table 3.26 Reptiles In Study Area 3-54
Table 3.27 Fresh Water Fishes In The study Area 3-54
Table 3.28 Flora of Coastal Zone 3-53
Table 3.29 Marine Algae In Coastal Area 3-56
Table 3.30 Distribution of Epifauna &Their Microhabitate 3-57
Table 3.31 Demographic pattern of Ahmedabad District 3-60
Table 3.32 Demographic and Occupational Pattern of Anand district 3-62
Table 3.33 Demographic Details of the Study Area 3-67
Table 3.34 Occupational Pattern of the Study Area 3-69

CHAPTER 4 : ANTICIPATED OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT &
MITIGATION MEASURES

Table 4.1 Impact Assessment Rating Matrix 4-2
Table 4.2 Impact Assessment Rating Matrix 4-3
Table 4.3 Typical Noise Levels of Construction Equipment 4-14

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EIA/EMP for Development of Proposed Dholera Greenfield International Airport
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Table 4.4 Noise Modelling Results 4-15
Table 4.5 Estimated Aircraft Emissions for Proposed Dholera Airport 4-24
Table 4.6 Emissions From DG Sets Stack 4-26
Table 4.7 Estimated Vehicular Emission s at Proposed Dholera Airport 4-26
Table 4.8 Total Emission Sources and Emission Rates 4-26
Table 4.9 Predicted 24-Hourly Short Term Incremental Concentrations 4-28
Table 4.10 Resultant Concentrations Due To Incremental GLC's 4-29
Table 4.11 Noise Levels And Area of Influence 4-34
Table 4.12 Tourism Destinations in The DSIR 4-43

CHAPTER 5 : ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

Table 5.1 Alternative Analysis for Sites for Proposed Airport 5-3

CHAPTER 6 : ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

Table 6.1 Environmental Monitoring Plan for Proposed Dholera International 6-3
Airport
Table 6.2 Stage-Wise Environmental Reporting System 6-6
Table 6.3 Cost of Environmental Monitoring 6-7

CHAPTER 7: Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan

Table 7.1 Damage Effects due to Overpressures 7-6
Table 7.2 Illustrative Damage Effects due to Overpressures 7-6
Table 7.3 Selected Scenarios for Consequence Calculations 7-8

CHAPTER 9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

Table 9.1 List of Indigenous Species of Trees and Small Trees for Plantation 9-13
Table 9.2 List of Indigenous Species of Grasses for Landscaping 9-13
Table 9.3 Environmental Management Plan for Proposed Dholera Airport 9-17
Table 9.4 Reporting Process and Responsibilities for Implementation of EMP 9-36
Table 9.5 Budget for Implementation of Environmental Management Plan 9-38

CHAPTER 10 : DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED

Table 10.1 NABET Accredited Team for EIA Study 10-3

LIST OF FIGURES

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Figure 1.1 Stages to obtain the Prior Environmental Clearance 1-3
Figure 1.2 Location of Proposed Greenfield Airport 1-9
Figure 1.3 10 Km Radius Study Area 1-10

CHAPTER 2 : PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Figure 2.1 Proposed Dholera Airport Site 2-2
Figure 2.2 Proposed Dholera Airport Site on Google Map 2-3
Figure 2.3 Site Plan for Dholera Airport 2-8

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EIA/EMP for Development of Proposed Dholera Greenfield International Airport
Airports Authority of India Table of Contents

Figure 2.4 Water Balance Diagram for Proposed Dholera Airport 2-15
Figure 2.5 Parking Plan for Proposed Dholera Airport 2-18

CHAPTER 3 : DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Figure 3.1 Soil Sampling Locations 3-4
Figure 3.2 Coastal Regulation Zone with Respect Boundary of the Site 3-6
Figure 3.3 Drainage Map of the Study Area 3-7
Figure 3.4 Classification as Per State Ground Water Authority 3-8
Figure 3.5 Geomorphology And Geo Hydrology of Region 3-9
Figure 3.6 Irrigation and Hydrology of Region 3-10
Figure 3.7 Ground & Surface Water Sampling Locations 3-11
Figure 3.8 Wind Rose Diagram for Day Time 3-25
Figure 3.9 Wind Rose Diagram for Night Time 3-26
Figure3.10 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations 3-28
Figure3.11 Earth Quake Zones of Gujarat 3-41
Figure3.12 Multi Hazard Zones of Gujarat State 3-41
Figure3.13 Wind and Cyclone Zones of Gujarat State 3-43
Figure3.14 Gujarat Flood Zones 3-44
Figure3.15 Landuse Pattern of the Study Area 3-45
Figure3.16 Landuse and Land Cover of the Study Area Through Satellite Imagery 3-46

CHAPTER 4 : ANTICIPATED OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT &
MITIGATION MEASURES

Figure 4.1 Attenuation of Noise from Source during Construction 4-15
Figure 4.2 Predicted Ground Level Concentrations for SOX 4-30
Figure 4.3 Predicted Level Concentrations for NOX 4-31
Figure 4.4 Predicted Level Concentrations for CO 4-32
Figure 4.5 Noise Footprints for Aircraft Noise Levels 4-35

CHAPTER 5 : ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

Figure 5.1 Alternative Sites for Proposed Dholera Airport 5-5

CHAPTER 7 : RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Figure 7.1 Thermal Radiation Radii From Spreading Pool Fire 7-10
Figure 7.2 Late Explosion Worst Case Radii 7-11
Figure 7.3 Flash Fire Envelope Distances 7-12
Figure 7.4 Thermal Radiation Radii From Spreading Pool Fire 7-15
Figure 7.5 Late Explosion Worst Case Radii 7-16
Figure 7.6 Flash Fire Envelope 7-17
Figure 7.7 Intensity Radii for Thermal Radiations 7-18

CHAPTER 9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

Figure 9.1 Schematic Diagram for Sewage Treatment Plant for Proposed Airport 9-8
Figure 9.2 Organogram for Environmental Management Cell 9-33

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EIA/EMP for Development of Proposed Dholera Greenfield International Airport
Airports Authority of India TOR Compliance
Compliance of Terms of Reference issued by MOEF&CC, New Delhi,
MOEF vide F. No 10-85/2011-IA.III dated 1st October 2014
Sn. TOR Points Compliance

i. Examine the effect of the proposed There will be no effect of the proposed
activity on the coastal environment. Dholera International Airport on the Coastal
environment since Coastal regulation zone
is about 500 m from the boundary of the
proposed airport as earmarked by Institute
of Remote Sensing, Anna University,
Chennai. No activity will be allowed toward
Coastal Regulation Zone. Treated waste
water from the proposed airport will be
utilisedforflushing,HVACand
development of green belt within the airport
premises. No treated waste water will be
discharged outside the proposed airport.
The details in this regards have been
summarized in Section 4.4.10 in Chapter 4
of the EIA report at page 4-39 to 4-40.
ii. Submit the details of the heritage There is no heritage, historical or
structures within 10 km of the project archaeological structure within 10 km
site and likely impacts along with distance from the proposed Dholera
mitigation measures. International Airport. Therefore, no impact
is anticipated due to proposed airport.
Hence, no mitigation measure is required.
The details are given in Section 3.5 in
Chapter 3 at page 3-66 and Section 4.4.11
of Chapter 4 at page 4-40.

iii. Examine and submit details of levels, The Geographical coordinates of the Airport
quantity required to fillings, source of Reference Point (ARP) was determined by
filling material and transportation the Survey of India (SOI) team by taking
long duration GPS Observations. The
details etc. Submit details of
coordinates of the ARP in WGS-84 System

Comprehensive Risk Assessment and are 22°21'35"N, 72°18'27"E and elevation is
Disaster Management Plan including 10 m AMSL. The entire proposed airport
emergency evacuation during natural area is almost on flat ground having
and man-made disaster integrating elevation similar to the ARP. As compared
to the high tide level (HTL) 5.5m and High
with existing airport.
Flood Level (HFL) 1.5m over the HTL, the

location of Airport site is above the HFL
and therefore no significant filling is
required. However if land filling is required
at some places of the site, the requirement
can be fulfilled through the site itself and
identified borrow areas. The details are
given in Section 4.3. at page 4-5 1 in
Chapter 4

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