Table Of ContentEIGHTH EDITION
Deviant Behavior
Crime, Conflict, and Interest Groups
Charles H. McCaghy
Bowling Green State University
Timothy A. Capron
California State University, Sacramento
J. D. Jamieson
Texas State University
Sandra Harley Carey
Texas State University
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First published 2008, 2006, 2003, 2000 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Published 2016 by Routledge
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ISBN: 9780205570836 (pbk)
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Deviant behavior : crime, conflict, and interest groups / Charles H. McCaghy … [et al.].—Eighth ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-205-57083-6
ISBN-10: 0-205-57083-6
1. Criminology. 2. Deviant behavior. I. McCaghy, Charles H.
HV6025.M375 2008
364—dc22
2007030098
Please visit the companion website at www.routledge.com/9780205570836
3
CONTENTS
Preface
The Concept of Deviant Behavior
PART ONE
1
Perspectives on Deviants: The Early Development of Criminal Deviance
Theory
Who Is Deviant?
The Rational Deviant—The Classical School
The Deviant as Determined—Positivist Criminology
Examining the Physical Characteristics of Deviants
Phrenology—The Beginning of the Scientific Study of the Deviant
The Positivist School
Critical Thinking Exercises
Check It Out on the Web
Endnotes
2
Theories of Criminal Deviance
Examining Heredity and Mental Deficiencies
A Short Note on Eugenics
Twin Studies
The Bell Curve
Physical Characteristics Revisited
Biological Inferiority
Somatology
XYY Chromosome Syndrome
Brain Malfunction
Emerging Biology-Based Theories
Personality Defects and Attributes
Psychopathy
Traits and Thinking
Unconscious Motivation
Sociobiology—Trailblazing or Backtracking?
4
The Rise of Social Determinism
Economic Influences
Karl Marx
Willem Bonger
Anomie
Durkheim’s Anomie
Merton’s Anomie
Subcultures of Deviance
Social Disorganization and Learning
Differential Association Theory
Control Theory
Classical Theory Revisited
Women and Deviance Theories
Integration of Theories
Critical Thinking Exercises
Check It Out on the Web
Endnotes
3
Why Is Certain Behavior Deviant?
The Labeling Perspective
The Production of Deviance
The Effect of Labeling on Behavior
Conflict Perspectives
Culture Conflict
Group Conflict
Conflict and Authority
Radical Theory
Postmodern Criminology
Once Again:What Is Deviant?
Interest Group Conflict and Deviance
Critical Thinking Exercises
Check It Out on the Web
Endnotes
Crime as Deviant Behavior
PART TWO
5
4
Crime in the Streets—Against the Person
Measuring Crime
Murder and Aggravated Assault
Dimensions of Homicide
Violence: A U.S. Value
The Subculture of Interpersonal Violence
The Conflict over Guns
Forcible Rape
Dimensions of Rape
Violence and Sex
Violent Sex and Conflict
Critical Thinking Exercises
Check It Out on the Web
Endnotes
5
Crime in the Streets—Against Property
Robbery
Dimensions of Robbery
Types of Robbers
Burglary
Dimensions of Burglary
The World of Burglary
Motor Vehicle Theft
Dimensions of Motor Vehicle Theft
Joyriders, Professionals, and Others
Larceny-Theft
The Extent of Shoplifting
Types of Shoplifters
Reactions to Shoplifting
Arson
Types of Arsonists
Larceny in the American Heart
The Rip-Off Philosophy
Critical Thinking Exercises
Check It Out on the Web
6
Endnotes
6
Assaults against Children and Spouses
Physical Abuse of Children
Problems of Definition
The Discovery and Medicalization of Physical Abuse
Extent
Characteristics
Stress, Power, and Culture
Spouse Abuse
The Discovery of Spouse Abuse
Extent
Characteristics
Stress and Power—Again
Sexual Abuse of Children
Extent
Characteristics
Types of Molesters and Their Offenses
Adult–Child Sex: A Matter of Liberation?
Critical Thinking Exercises
Check It Out on the Web
Endnotes
7
Deviance and Organizations
Employee Theft
Pilferage
Embezzlement
Organizations as Victims
Police Corruption
Meat- and Grass-Eaters
Rotten Apples or Rotten Barrels?
Corporate Deviance
Price-Fixing: A Fact of American Industry?
“Would You Buy a Used Car from This Person?”
“You Are What You Eat”
The Badness of Good Business
7
Organized Crime
Characteristics and Structure
From Muscle to Respectability
Ethnic Succession
Sources of Profit
Critical Thinking Exercises
Check It Out on the Web
Endnotes
Deviant Behavior in Contemporary Society
PART THREE
8
Deviant Drug Use
Drug Use as Deviance
Classification of Drugs
Alcohol
Alcohol as a Drug
Alcohol Use and Deviance
Alcoholism, Disease, and Problem Drinking
Correlates of Problem Drinking
Heroin
Heroin as a Drug
Heroin Use and Deviance
Correlates of Heroin Use
Marijuana
Marijuana as a Drug
Marijuana Use and Deviance
Correlates of Marijuana Use
Cocaine
Cocaine as a Drug
Cocaine Use and Deviance
Correlates of Cocaine Use
Prescription Drug Abuse
Performance-Enhancing Drugs
Critical Thinking Exercises
Check It Out on the Web
Endnotes
8
9
Mental Disorders
What Is Mental Disorder?
Correlates of Mental Disorder
Genetics
Social Class
Minorities and Mental Health
Family Setting
Male/Female Differences
Stress
Disease or Label?
Mental Disease as a Myth
A Labeling Theory of Mental Disorder
Criticisms and Contributions of Labeling Theory
Conflict and the Therapeutic State
Common Mental Disorders
Depression
Phobias
Treatment
Critical Thinking Exercises
Check It Out on the Web
Endnotes
10
Suicide
Definition
History of Suicide
Current Attitudes toward Suicide
Public Opinion and Public Policy
Professional Opinion
Sociological Theories of Suicide
Social Integration
Status Integration
Community Migration
Incidence of Suicide
International
United States
9
Risk Factors and Correlates of Suicide
Risk Factors for Suicide
Correlates of Suicide
Failure to Seek Help
Warning Signs
Precipitating Events
Helping Someone Who Is Suicidal
Attempting Suicide
Physician-Assisted Suicide
Prevention and Protection
Critical Thinking Exercises
Check It Out on the Web
Endnotes
11
Cyberdeviance
with Jeffrey Arbaugh
Origins of the Computer Underground
A Typology of the Computer Underground
The Relevant Actors of the Computer Underground
Subcultures of Deviance in the Computer Underground
Is the Computer Underground a Subculture?
Crime and the Internet
Sexual Deviance and Cyberspace
Opportunity for Sexual Deviance in Cyberspace
An Interview with White Eagle
Critical Thinking Exercises
Check It Out on the Web
Endnotes
12
Sexual Deviance and Sexual Harassment
An Interview with Tony
Prostitution
The Context of Prostitution
Becoming a Prostitute
The Pimp
10
