Developments in the Science and Technology of Composite Materials: ECCM3 Third European Conference on Composite Materials 20.23 March 1989 Bordeaux-France

803 Pages·1989·26.04 MB·English

by  M. Northolt (auth.), A. R. Bunsell, P. Lamicq, A. Massiah (eds.)

DEVELOPMENTS
IN lHE SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY
OF COMPOSrTE
MATERIALS
E~M EUROPEAN ASSOCIATJON
FOR COMPOSITE MATERIALS
DEVELOPMENTS
IN THE SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY
OF COMPOSITE
MATERIALS
THIRD EUROPEAN CONFERENCE
ON COMPOSITE MATERIALS
20.23 MARCH 1989
BORDEAUX-FRANCE
EDnTJRS: AR. BUNSELL, P. LAMICQ, A MASSIAH
ELSEVIER APPUED SCIENCE: LONDON AND NEW-YORK
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SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ECCM-3
President: Mr P. LAMICQ
Societe Europeenne de Propulsion (SEP)
France
· SELECTION PAPERS COMMITTEE:
FRANCE ITALY
A.R. BUNSELL Ecole Nationale Supcrieure G.DiDRUSCO Montedison
des Mines de Paris A.SAVAOORI Enichem
F.X.
de CHARENIENA Y P.S.A.
R. NASLAIN Laboratoire des Composites
Thermostructuraux
BELGIUM SWEDEN
N.SPRECHER Owens·Coming Fiberglas Europe Th. JOHANNESSON Institute of
1. VERPOEST Kath Universiteit Leuven Technology
of Linkoping
DENMARK
H.LILHOLT Riso National Laboratory SWITZERLAND
R.PINZELLI Du Pont
de Nemours
GREAT ·BRIT AIN
M.G. BADER University of Surrey THE NETHERLANDS
J.H. GREENWOOD Era Technology I.A.N. SCOTT Shell
B. HARRIS University of Bath Laboratorium
F.L. MATTHEWS Imperial College of Science and
Tcchnology
WEST·GERMANY
K. FRIEDRICH Technische Universitlit
Hamburg-Harburg
G. GRUNINGER DFVLR
H.KELLERER MBB
• ORGANIZING COMMITTEE: EACM
A.R. BUNSELL
A. MASSIAH
J.L. ZULIAN
D. DOUMEINGTS
• CONGRESS SECRETARIAT:
H.BENEDIC
C.MADUR
PREFACE
Dr A.R. BUNSELL
President de
l'Association Europeenne des Materiaux Composites
Apres Ie succes des deux precedentes editions, Ie troisieme Congres Europeen sur
les Materiaux Composites, ECCM-3, s'annonce de tres haut niveau.
La premiere reunion s'est tenue a BORDEAUX en septembre1985 tandis que la
seconde, jumelee avec Ie sixieme Congres International sur les Materiaux
Composites, ICCM-6 eut lieu a LONDRES en juillet 1987. Ces deux reunions ont
clairement montre I'importance de la recherche sur les materiaux composites en
Europe. Elles ont pu rassembler les chercheurs venus de toute l'Europe et du monde
entier.
Ce troisieme congres nous ramene a BORDEAUX et souligne I'interet porte aux
materiaux composites a BORDEAUX et en Aquitaine, haut lieu d'application des
technologies de pointe. La creation a BORDEAUX de l'Association Europeenne des
Materiaux Composites, A.E.M.C., a ete Ie fait a la fois d'une volonte politique et d'une
prise de conscience locales ainsi que de la presence d'un tissu industriel favorable au
developpement de celie activite.
Le travail assidu du comite scientifique, compose de specialistes europeens, grace a
qui les sujets traites et les articles sont varies et de haut niveau, nous assure de la
qualite du compte rendu de ECCM-3 qui comptera desormais parmi les ouvrages de
reference. Plus notable encore, est Ie fait que ECCM-3 contribue a la construction
d'une grande communaute internationale des composites, composee de chercheurs
venus du monde entier.
D'ores et deja, je vous donne rendez-vous pour Ie 4e Congres Europeen des
Materiaux Composites, ECCM-4, qui se tiendra a STUTTGART (R.F.A.) du 25 au 28
septembre 1990.
PREFACE
Dr A.R. BUNSELL
President of
the European Association for Composite Materials
Following on the success of both its predecessors, this third European Congress on
Composite Materials, ECCM-3, is shaped as a top level event.
The first meeting took place in BORDEAUX in September 1985 and the second,
which was twinned with the Sixth International Conference on Composite Materials,
ICCM-VI in LONDON in July 1987. Both meetings demonstrated clearly the breadth
of research on composites which goes on in Europe and served to bring together
researchers from many countries, within Europe and from across the world.
This third conference brings us back to BORDEAUX and in doing so underlines the
commitment that the South West of France, centred on this city, has made to the
development of composite materials. A combination of political will and foresight, as
well as industrial activity, has created an infrastructure centred on BORDEAUX which
has made the activities of the European Association for Composite Materials, E.A.C.M.,
and the organisation of those European conferences possible.
The wide range of subjects and the high quality of the papers which has been asured
by the diligent work of the scientific committee involving the cooperation of
specialists throughout Europe ensures that the proceedings of ECCM-3 will be a work
of reference. Perhaps more importantly ECCM-3 is bringing together once again
researchers from across Europe and the rest of the world and contributes to the
creation of a large international composite community.
A future date to be noted already is the Fourth European Congress on Composite
Materials (ECCM-4) to be held in STUTTGART (West-Germany) from 25th to 28th
September 1990.
INTRODUCTION AUX THEMES DU CONGRES
P. LAMica
President du
Comite Scientifique de ECCM-3
La preparation du programme scientifique pour ECCM-3 s'est deroulee selon un
processus tres classique, semblable a celui de ECCM-1. Les resumes re9us ont ete
classes, puis envoyes aux lecteurs pour appreciation, chaque resume etant examine
par au moins deux personnes.
Les progres de l'Association Europeenne des Materiaux Composites entre ces
deux conferences sont apparus nellement lors de celie operation : pres de vingt-cinq
responsables scientifiques de toute l'Europe ont participe a celie evaluation. Signe
des temps aussi, I'emploi generalise du telefax a perm is des echanges d'informations
flu ides et rapides, tout en evitant les voyages grands consommateurs de temps. Au
total, une procedure souple, malgre I'augmentation du nombre de communications
re9ues, et largement europeanisees par rapport a ECCM-1 ou un evaluateur sur deux
etait fran9ais. L'efficacite est due en grande partie a I'action du secretariat, que je
veux remercier ici de nous avoir grandement facilite la tiiche.
Nous avons rencontre quelques problemes de choix entre les sessions de
presentation orale et la session de presentation par posters. Quelques auteurs ont
exprime nellement leur preference pour I'une ou I'autre forme d'expression, ce qui
a oriente certaines decisions. Pour les autres, nous avons privilegie la coherence de
chaque session orale autour de son theme, tout en essayant d'y placer les
communications, a caractere plus large, susceptibles de provoquer une discussion
generale.
Les sujets plus specialises font souvent I'objet de discussions beaucoup plus
passionnantesdevant un panneau, avec tout Ie temps necessaire et en petit groupe.
Nous les avons mis preferentiellement dans une grande seance posters.
Les resumes que nous avons re9us a I'appui des propOSitions de communication
nous ont paru d'un excellent niveau d'ensemble. lis annoncent tres probablement des
communications de qualite. Cela est de bon augure pour que des debats animes
puissent s'engager et pour que chaque participant a ECCM-3 ait Ie sentiment
d'elargir et d'approfondir sa connaissance des composites.
Mon voeu, au nom de tous ceux qui ont participe a I'elaboration de ce
programme, est que la communaute europeenne des composites se sente plus forte et
plus unie grace a cette conference.
INTRODUCTION TO THE CONFERENCE THEMES
P. LAMica
President of the
Scienfitic Committee of ECCM-3
The preparation of the scientific program for ECCM-3 was undertaken according
to a very conventional process, similar to that of ECCM-1. The abstracts received
were classified and then sent to readers for evaluation, each abstract being examined
by at least two people.
The progress achieved by the European Association for Composite Materials
between these two conferences appeared clearly from this operation ; close on
twenty-five scientific leaders from all over Europe took part in this assessment. As
a further sign of the times, the widespread use of the Fax enabled smooth and fast
exchanges of information, while avoiding time-consuming travel. All in all, a
flexible procedure, despite the increase in the number of papers received, and
widely Europeanized with respect to ECCM-1, where one assessor out of two was
French. Efficiency is largely due to the work of the secretariat, and I should like to
thank them here for having considerably assisted us in our task.
We came up against a few problems in making a choice between the oral
presentation sessions, and the poster sessions. Some authors clearly expressed their
preference for one or the other form of expression, which guided us in certain
decisions. For the others, we have pride of place to the coherence of each oral session
around its central theme, while at the same time trying to insert wider-ranging
papers likely to give rise to a general discussion.
The more specialized subjects often lead to much more lively discussions around
a poster presentation, with all the time required, and with a small group. We
therefore opted to include them in a major poster session.
The abstracts received to back the proposals for papers appeared to us to be of a
very high level, in general. They are very probably the heralds of high-quality
presentations. That augurs well for lively discussions and to enable each participant
of ECCM-3 to feel that his knowledge of composites has been widened and deepened.
In the name of all those who have taken part in the preparation of this program,
I very much hope that the European composite community will feel stronger, and
more united, thanks to this conference.
SOMMAIRE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SESSION CHAIRMEN ............................................................................... XXI
PLENARY PAPERS ................................................................................. .
POLYMERES I POLYMERS:
"Mecanismes et cinctiques de reticulation de systemes thermo-
durcissables en presence de renfon - relations structures
proprietes thermiques"
M.P. GRENIER-LOUSTALOT, P. GRENIER ............................................... 35
"Modified bismaleimides for carbon fibre composites"
P. KONIG, H. STENZENBERGER, M. HERZOG, W. ROMER ....................... 43
"Enhanced bonding of fiber reinforcements to thermoset resins"
G. SUGERMAN, S.M. GABA YSON, W.E. CHITWOOD, SJ. MONTE ............ 5 I
"influence of the thickening agents and some external parame-
ters to the formulation on the viscosimetric kinetics of the pre-
impregnated polyester"
A. VALEA PEREZ, M.L. GONZALEZ, I. MONDRAGON ............................. 57
FIBRES:
"The modulus of alumina fibres containing mesopores dependen-
ce of orientation distribution"
M.H. STACEY ............................................................................................. 65
"Statistical mechanical breakdown of single fibres and micro-
composites using video microphotographic techniques"
H.D. WAGNER, L.W. STEENBAKKERS...................................................... 71
"The strength of tungsten-cored silicon-carbide fibres and the
influence of a polymer matrix"
M.G. BADER, D.A. CLARKE............ .......................................................... 79
MATRICES CERAMIQUES / CERAMIC MATRIX:
"Fibre reinforced alumina ceramic composites by sol-gel
processing"
M. CHEN, P.F. JAMES, F.R. JONES, J.F. BAILEy....................................... 87
"Silicon carbo-nitride ceramic matrix composites by polymer
pyrolysis"
R. LUNDBERG, P. GOURSAT...................................................................... 93
"Composites a matrice ccramique, nouveaux materiaux a tres
hautes performances" '\
J.e. CAVALIER, A LACOMBE, 1.M. ROUGES ........................................... 99
"Interface characterization in ceramic matrix composites
fabricated using FCYI techniques"
R.A LOWDEN, D.P. STINTON, T.M. BESMAN ...................................... ;.... NC
"Resistance to crack growth in fibre reinforced cement :
effect of fibre properties"
L. DESCHRYVER, AR. BUNSELL, A. LE FLOC'H........................................ 111
"Thermo-mechanical characterization of ceramic composites
made of a las glass-ceramic matrix reinforced with silicon
carbide (nicalon) fibers"
E. MENESSIER, A GUETTE, R. PAILLER, R. NASLAIN, L. RABARDEL,
B. HOSTEN, T. MACKE, P. LESPADE ......................................................... 121
"Interface characterization by transmission electron micros-
copy and Auger electron spectroscopy in tough SiC fiber
(nicalon)-SiC matrix composite with a boron nitride interphase"
O. DUGNE, S. PROUHET, A. GUETTE, R. NASLAIN, J. SEVELY............... 129
MATRICES METALLIQUES / METAL MATRIX:
"Cast fibre reinforced aluminium alloy microstructures"
R. TRUMPER, V. SCOTT............................................................................. 139
"The influence of thermal cycling on the properties of Si3n4
whisker reinforced aluminium alloy composites"
Y. NISHIDA, M.H. MASARU, M.Y. NAKANISHI .................................... 145
"Fracture of Al-SiCw metal matrix composites"
D. CHAMBOLLE, D. BAPTISTE, P. BOMPARD .......................................... 151