DEVELOPMENT OF SCALE TO MEASURE THE ATTITUDE OF FARMERS TOWARDS ...

217 Pages·2002·1.73 MB·English

SMI
DEVELOPMENT OF SCALE TO MEASURE THE
THA
ATTITUDE OF FARMERS TOWARDS
S.
GREENHOUSE TECHNOLOGY
M.Sc
.
(Agri
.)
AGR
ICU
LTU
RAL
EXT
BY
ENSI
SMITHA S.
ON
B. Sc. (Hons) Agri.
2013
DEPARTMENT OF EXTENSION EDUCATION
B. A. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
ANAND - 388 110
2013
Regd. No. 04–1654–2011
DEVELOPMENT OF SCALE TO MEASURE ATTITUDE OF
THE FARMERS TOWARDS GREENHOUSE TECHNOLOGY
A
THESIS
SUBMITTED TO THE
ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE
OF
Master of Science
(AGRICULTURE)
IN
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
BY
SMITHA S.
B. Sc. (Hons) Agri.
DEPARTMENT OF EXTENSION EDUCATION
B. A. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
ANAND - 388 110
GUJARAT (INDIA)
2013
(Registration No. 04-1654-2011)
Dr. B. M. Patel
Professor
Department of Extension Education
B. A. College of Agriculture
Anand Agricultural University
Anand - 388110
Gujarat (India)
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the thesis entitled
“Development of scale to measure attitude of the farmers
towards greenhouse technology” submitted by SMITHA S.
(04-1654-2011) in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of Master of Science (Agriculture) in
Agricultural Extension of the Anand Agricultural
University, Anand is a record of bonafide research work
carried out by her under my personal guidance and
supervision and the thesis has not previously formed the
basis for the award of any degree, diploma or other similar
title.

Place: Anand (B.M. Patel)
Date: /06/2013 Major
Guide
DECLARATION
This is to certify that whole of the research work reported in the
thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the
degree of Master of Science in Agriculture in the subject of
Agricultural Extension is the result of investigation done by
undersigned under the direct guidance and supervision of
Dr. B.M. Patel, Professor, Department of Extension Education,
B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand
and no part of the research work has been submitted for any other
degree so far.
Place: Anand (Smitha S)
Date: /06/2013
Countersigned by
(B.M. Patel)
Professor
Department of Extension Education
B. A. College of Agriculture
Anand Agricultural University
Anand- 388 110
Gujarat (India)
DEVELOPMENT OF SCALE TO MEASURE ATTITUDE OF
THE FARMERS TOWARDS GREENHOUSE TECHNOLOGY
Name of Student Major Advisor
SMITHA S. Dr. B. M. PATEL
B. A. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
ANAND - 388 110
ABSTRACT
The ultimate success of improved agricultural technology is
measured by the stability in production unaffected by the vagaries of
season, or biotic and abiotic stresses. Indian agriculture is still heavily
monsoon dependant and has to reach the level of stability required for
continued growth. Thus, greenhouses cultivation could serve as a
viable solution, facilitating off season cultivation and protecting crop
from unfavourable outdoor conditions. Greenhouses are framed or
inflated structures covered with transparent or translucent material
large enough to grow crops under partial or complete controlled
environmental conditions to get optimum growth and productivity.
Advantages of green house includes increase in yield, year
round production of crops , disease-free and genetically superior
transplants can be produced continuously, efficient utilization of
Abstract

chemicals and pesticides, water requirement is limited, hardening of
tissue cultured plants, production of quality produce free of
blemishes, most useful in monitoring and controlling the instability of
various ecological system, modern techniques of hydroponic (Soil less
culture), aeroponics and nutrient film techniques are possible only
under greenhouse cultivation.
Considering the advantages, we should motivate the farmers to
adopt greenhouse technology. For the adoption of recommended
technology, there must be positive attitude of the farmers towards
greenhouse technology. Attitude refers to the degree of positive or
negative effects associated with adoption of greenhouse technology.
Since, change in knowledge and attitude preceded adoption of an
innovation, it is therefore, always important to find out the present
status of their attitude and factors responsible of farmers attitude
towards greenhouse technology. However, nowadays no systematic,
valid and reliable scale to measure attitude of the farmers towards
greenhouse technology is available. Considering this, it is planned to
develop a valid, reliable scale and measure the attitude of farmers
towards greenhouse technology. For general information on this
dimension, this study entitled “Development of scale to measure
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Abstract

attitude of the farmers towards Greenhouse technology.” was
planned with following specific objectives:
1. To study the profile of the farmers.
2. To develop and standardize a scale to measure attitude of the
farmers’ towards greenhouse technology.
3. To measure the attitude of the farmers towards greenhouse
technology.
4. To ascertain relationship between profile of farmers and their
attitude towards greenhouse technology.
5. To identify constraints faced by the farmers in adopting
greenhouse technology.
6. To explore suggestions from the farmers to overcome the
constraints faced by them.
METHODOLOGY:
To employ scale developed in this study, a list of progressive
farmers who adopted greenhouse/net house in Anand district were
collected from the Zilla Sewa Sadan. Out of the total 74
greenhouse/net house holders in the district, 50 were randomly
selected. In this way, the sample size was made to 50 farmers.
The independent variables undertaken in this study were: age,
education, social participation, occupation, time lag in adoption, land
holding, size of greenhouse, annual income, extension participation,
training received, innovativeness, economic motivation, risk
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Abstract

orientation and scientific orientation. The dependent variable chosen
for the purpose of the study was attitude of farmers towards
greenhouse technology.
The independent and dependent variables were measured by
using suitable scales and procedures adopted by various researchers.
For measurement of dependent variable, attitude of farmers towards
greenhouse technology scale was developed by researcher. A simple
ranking technique was applied to measure the constraints faced
by farmers and for suggestions also. The interview schedule was
prepared keeping in view the objectives of the study. Before its actual
use, it was pre-tested and translated into Gujarati. The data of this
study were collected by arranging personal interview with 50 farmers
of Anand district who adopted greenhouse technology. The data so
collected were classified, tabulated and analyzed in order to make the
findings meaningful. The statistical measures such as percentage,
mean score, arbitrary mean and coefficient of correlation were used.
MAJOR FINDINGS
1. Majority (80.00 and 72.00 per cent) of the farmers belonged to
young to middle age group and had higher secondary to college
level of education, respectively.
2. Vast majority (78.00 per cent) of the farmers have membership
in one or more than one organizations. Whereas, about three-
fourth (74.00 per cent) of farmers had taken 3-4 years to adopt
4
Abstract

the technology from the first hearing of the technology. Nearly
two-third (68.00 per cent) of farmers had agriculture and
animal husbandry as their main occupation
3. Great majority (86.00 per cent and 80.00 per cent) of the
farmers possessed small to medium size of land holding and
have Rs.300001/- to Rs.900000/- annual income. Whereas,
about three-fourth (76.00 per cent) of farmers had medium to
large sized greenhouse.
4. Vast majority (68.00 and 82.00 per cent) of the farmers was
found to have low to medium level of extension participation and
had received more than two days training.
5. Three-fifth (60.00 per cent) of the farmers had medium to high
level of innovativeness. Whereas, overwhelming majority (90.00
per cent) of the farmers had medium to very high level of
economic motivation.
6. A great majority (78.00 and 80.00 per cent) of the farmers were
found to have medium to high level of risk orientation and
scientific orientation, respectively.
7. Scale developed by the researcher to measures attitude of the
farmers towards greenhouse technology was found reliable and
valid and out of thirty-three statements, twelve statements were
selected as there was strong agreement or disagreement among
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