Developing Software with UML: Object-Oriented Analysis and Design in Practice (2nd Edition)

321 Pages·2002·2.11 MB·English

by  Bernd Oestereich

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Inheritance
Discriminator 2
Superclass Superclass Discriminator 2
Subclass4 Subclass4
Discriminator 1
Discriminator 1
Subclass1 Subclass2 Subclass3 Subclass1 Subclass2 Subclass3
Association
Multiplicity
Read direction
«Stereotype»
RelationName
1 {Tagged value} *
Class1 Class2
role Visibility role : interface
directedAssociation orderedAssociation
{ordered}
/derivedAssociation Realization/Refinement
qualifiedAssociation
Dependency
Qualifier dependent independent
Aggregation
Part Composite Composite
Whole
Composite Multiplicity
depEexnisdteennctPeart Part Multiplicity role Part
n-ary
Association
Class1 Class2 Class1 Class2
Association Class3
Class
Current Version Notation Overview
Info and Download: http://www.oose.de/uml Unified Modeling Language (UML 1.4) Part 2/4
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Developing
software
with UML
i
8353 Prelims pi-x (12 pgs) 3/4/02 9:51 AM Page ii
The Addison-Wesley Object Technology Series
Grady Booch, Ivar Jacobson, and James Rumbaugh, Series Editors
For more information check out the series web site [http://www.aw.com/cseng/otseries/].
Arlow/Neustadt, UML and the Unified Process Jacobson/Griss/Jonsson, Software Reuse: Architecture, Process
Armour/Miller, Advanced Use Case Modeling, Volume 1 and Organization for Business Success
Atkinson, Component Based Product Line Engineering with UML Jordan, C++ Object Databases: Programming with the ODMG
Standard
Binder, Testing Object-Oriented Systems: Models, Patterns, and
Tools Kruchten, The Rational Unified Process, An Introduction, Second
Edition
Blakely, CORBA Security: An Introduction to Safe Computing
with Objects Lau, The Art of Objects: Object-Oriented Design and Architecture
Leffingwell/Widrig, Managing Software Requirements: A
Booch, Object Solutions: Managing the Object-Oriented Project
Unified Approach
Booch, Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with Applications,
Marshall, Enterprise Modeling with UML: Designing Successful
Second Edition
Software through Business Analysis
Booch/Rumbaugh/Jacobson, The Unified Modeling Language
Mowbray/Ruh, Inside CORBA: Distributed Object Standards
User Guide
and Applications
Box, Essential COM
Oestereich, Developing Software with UML: Object-Oriented
Box/Brown/Ewald/Sells, Effective COM: 50 Ways to Improve
Analysis and Design in Practice
Your COM and MTS-based Applications
Page-Jones, Fundamentals of Object-Oriented Design in UML
Cockburn, Surviving Object-Oriented Projects: A Manager’s
Pohl, Object-Oriented Programming Using C++, Second Edition
Guide
Pooley/Stevens, Using UML: Software Engineering with Objects
Collins, Designing Object-Oriented User Interfaces
and Components
Conallen, Building Web Applications with UML
Quatrani, Visual Modeling with Rational Rose 2000 and UML
D’Souza/Wills, Objects, Components, and Frameworks with
Rector/Sells, ATL Internals
UML-The Catalysis Approach
Reed, Developing Applications with Visual Basic and UML
Douglass, Doing Hard Time: Developing Real-Time Systems with
Rosenberg/Scott, Use Case Driven Object Modeling with UML:
UML: Objects, Frameworks, and Patterns
A Practical Approach
Douglass, Real-Time UML, Second edition: Developing Efficient
Royce, Software Project Management: A Unified Framework
Objects for Embedded Systems
Ruh/Herron/Klinker, IIOP Complete: Understanding CORBA
Fontura/Pree/Rumpe, The UML Profile for Framework Architectures
and Middleware Interoperability
Fowler, Analysis Patterns: Reusable Object Models
Rumbaugh/Jacobson/Booch, The Unified Modeling Language
Fowler/Beck/Brant/Opdyke/Roberts, Refactoring: Improving the
Reference Manual
Design of Existing Code
Schneider/Winters, Applying Use Cases: A Practical Guide
Fowler/Scott, UML Distilled. Second Edition: A Brief Guide to
Shan/Earle, Enterprise Computing with Objects: From
the Standard Object Modeling Language
Client/Server Environments to the Internet
Gomaa, Designing Concurrent, Distributed, and Real-Time
Warmer/Kleppe, The Object Constraint Language: Precise
Applications with UML
Modeling with UML
Gorton, Enterprise Transaction Processing Systems: Putting the
White, Software Configuration Management Strategies and
CORBA OTS, Encina++ and Orbix OTM to Work
Rational ClearCase: A Practical Introduction
Heinckiens, Building Scalable Database Applications: Object-
Whitehead, Component-based Development: Principles and
Oriented Design, Architectures, and Implementations
Planning for Business Systems
Hofmeister/Nord/Dilip, Applied Software Architecture
Jacobson/Booch/Rumbaugh, The Unified Software Component Software Series
Development Process
Clements Szyperski, Series Editor
Jacobson/Christerson/Jonsson/Overgaard, Object-Oriented
Software Engineering: A Use Case Driven Approach Allen, Realizing eBusiness with Components
Jacobson/Ericsson/Jacobson, The Object Advantage: Business Cheesman/Daniel, UML Components: A Simple Process for
Process Reengineering with Object Technology Specifying Component-Based Software
8353 Prelims pi-x (12 pgs) 3/4/02 9:51 AM Page iii
BERND OESTEREICH
Developing
software
with UML
Object-oriented analysis and
design in practice
Second edition
Pearson Education
An imprint of
London • Boston • Indianapolis • New York • Mexico City • Toronto
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PEARSON EDUCATION LIMITED
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Originally published as Objektorientierte Softwareentwicklung mit der UML, 5. Auflage
© R. Oldenbourg Verlag 2001
All rights reserved.
English edition © Pearson Education Ltd 2002
Authorised translation from German language edition published by Oldenbourg
Wissenschaftsverlag GmbH
The right of Bernd Oestereich to be identified as the Author of this Work has been asserted by him
in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
ISBN 0-201-75603-X
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Language is the dream we make from the world.
Schuldt
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Contents
Preface ix
1 Introduction
1
1.1 Object-oriented Software Development 2
1.2 History of Object-orientation 3
1.3 OOAD in Practice 8
1.4 Holistic Approach 11
2 Object-orientation for Beginners
17
2.1 Object-orientation for Beginners 18
2.2 Classes, Objects, Instances 19
2.3 Attributes, Operations, Constraints, Relationships 20
2.4 Object Identity 22
2.5 Responsibilities 24
2.6 Taxonomy and Inheritance 25
2.7 Abstract Classes 34
2.8 Associations 35
2.9 Aggregations 35
2.10 Message Exchange 39
2.11 Collections 42
2.12 Polymorphism 44
2.13 Persistence 47
2.14 Classification of Classes 50
2.15 Design Patterns 56
2.16 Components 58
3 Analysis
63
3.1 Introduction 64
3.2 Developing the System Idea and Objective 64
3.3 Identifying Stakeholders 65
3.4 Identifying Business Processes 68
3.5 Identifying Stakeholders’ Interests 70
3.6 Identifying Business Use Cases 72
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viii Contents
3.7 Describing the Essence of Use Cases 76
3.8 Identifying System Use Cases 82
3.9 Collecting and Studying Materials 87
3.10 Describing the Requirements 89
3.11 Identifying Business Classes 92
3.12 Creating a Technical Dictionary 94
3.13 Developing a Use Case Process Model 99
3.14 Describing the System Interface 104
3.15 Explorative Interface Prototyping 108
4 Design
113
4.1 Defining the Application Architecture 114
4.2 Identifying Domain Components 118
4.3 Developing Component-specific Class Models 120
4.4 (Further) Developing State Models 123
4.5 Identifying and, if Necessary, Restructuring Component
Dependencies 125
4.6 Designing Component Interfaces 127
4.7 Developing Collaboration Models 129
4.8 Developing Process-oriented Component Tests 132
4.9 Developing Class Tests 135
4.10 Defining Attributes 138
4.11 Specifying Dialogs 142
4.12 Discussion of Design 145
5 UMLFundamentals
157
5.1 Introduction 158
5.2 Types of Diagrams 160
5.3 Use Case Diagrams 161
5.4 Class Diagrams (Basic Elements) 172
5.5 Class Diagrams (Relational Elements) 219
5.6 Behavioral Diagrams 250
5.7 Implementation Diagrams 272
Appendices 275
Appendix A Glossary 277
Appendix B References 289
Index 293