Table Of ContentWoodhead Publishing Series in Biomaterials
Design and Applications of
Theranostic Nanomedicines
Edited by
Somasree Ray
Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics,
Gupta College of Technological Sciences,
Asansol, West Bengal, India
Amit Kumar Nayak
Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics,
Seemanta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Jharpokharia, Mayurbhanj, Odisha, India
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Dedicated to our beloved teacher
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List of contributors
Bandar E. Al-Dhubiab Department of PharmaceuticalSciences, College of Clini-
cal Pharmacy,KingFaisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
Ashique Al Hoque Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur Univer-
sity, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
AbulKalamAzad FacultyofPharmacy,PharmaceuticalTechnologyUnit,AIMST
University, Kedah, Malaysia
JayaBajpai BoseMemorialResearchLab,DepartmentofChemistry,Government
Autonomous Science CollegeJabalpur, Madhya Pradesh,India
A.K.Bajpai BoseMemorialResearchLab,DepartmentofChemistry,Government
Autonomous Science CollegeJabalpur, Madhya Pradesh,India
SaadBakrim LaboratoryofMolecularEngineering,ValorizationandEnvironment,
Department of Sciences and Techniques, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn
ZohrUniversity, Taroudant,Souss-Massa, Morocco
AbdelaaliBalahbib LaboratoryofBiodiversity,Ecology,andGenome,Facultyof
Sciences, Mohammed VUniversity inRabat, Rabat, Rabat-Salé-Kénitra,Morocco
Souvik Basak Dr. B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Sciences, Dr.
Meghnad Saha Sarani, Bidhan Nagar, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
Anindita Behera School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan
Deemedto be University, Bhubaneswar,Odisha,India
UttamKumarBhattacharyya GuptaCollegeofTechnologicalSciences,Asansol,
West Bengal, India
AbdelhakimBouyahya LaboratoryofHumanPathologiesBiology,Departmentof
Biology,FacultyofSciences,andGenomicCenterofHumanPathologies,Facultyof
Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed VUniversity inRabat, Rabat, Morocco
Elizabeth Carvajal-Millan Biopolymers, Research Center for Food and Develop-
ment,CIADA.C.,CarreteraGustavoE.AstiazaranRosasNo.46,Hermosillo,Sonora,
Mexico
xiv Listofcontributors
Samrat Chakraborty Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur Uni-
versity,Kolkata,WestBengal,India;GuptaCollegeofTechnologicalSciences,Asan-
sol, West Bengal, India
ApalaChakraborty DepartmentofPharmaceuticalTechnology,JadavpurUniver-
sity,Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Imane Chamkhi Centre GEOPAC, Laboratoire de Geobiodiversite et Patrimoine
Naturel Université Mohammed V de, Institut Scientifique Rabat, Rabat, Rabat-Salé-
Kénitra, Morocco
Pronobesh Chattopadhyay Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence
Research Laboratory, Tezpur,Assam, India
Rashmi Choubey Bose Memorial Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Gov-
ernmentAutonomousScience College Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh,India
HiraChoudhury DepartmentofPharmaceuticalTechnology,SchoolofPharmacy,
International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Avik Das Gupta Collegeof Technological Sciences, Asansol, West Bengal, India
Monodip De Dr. B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Sciences, Dr.
Meghnad Saha Sarani, Bidhan Nagar, Durgapur,West Bengal, India
Piyali Dey Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam down town University,
Guwahati,Assam,India;PiyaliDey,AssistantProfessor,AssamdowntownUniver-
sity,Guwahati, Assam, India
IbrahimM.El-Sherbiny NanomedicineResearchLaboratories,CenterforMateri-
als Science, Zewail City of Science and Technology,Giza,Egypt
Naoual Elmenyiy Laboratory of Physiology, Pharmacology and Environmental
Health, Faculty of Science, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Fez-
Mekn(cid:1)es, Morocco
NasreddineElOmari LaboratoryofHistology,Embryology,andCytogenetic,Fac-
ulty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Rabat-
Salé-Kénitra, Morocco
Ouadie Mohamed El Yaagoubi Laboratory of Biochemistry, Environment and
Agri-Food(URAC36)dFacultyofSciencesandTechniquesdMohammedia,Hassan
II University Casablanca, Casablanca, Casablanca-Settat, Morocco
Muhammad Asim Farooq Drug Delivery, Disposition, and Dynamics, Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences,MonashUniversity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
BapiGorain SchoolofPharmacy,FacultyofHealthandMedicalScience,Taylor’s
University,SubangJaya,Selangor,Malaysia;DepartmentofPharmaceuticalSciences
and Technology,Birla Institute ofTechnology, Mesra, Ranchi, India
Listofcontributors xv
Maryam Hakkour Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology, and Genome, Faculty of
Sciences, Mohammed VUniversity inRabat, Rabat, Rabat-Salé-Kénitra,Morocco
Md Saquib Hasnain Department of Pharmacy, Palamau Institute of Pharmacy,
Chianki, Daltonganj, Jharkhand, India
Amna Jabeen Faculty of Pharmacy, Lahore College of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Lahore,Punjab, Pakistan
SumanMallik Narayana Super Speciality Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal,India
Amira Mansour Nanomedicine Research Laboratories, Center for Materials Sci-
ence, ZewailCity ofScience and Technology, Giza, Egypt
Mayra A. Mendez-Encinas Department of Chemical Biological and Agropecuary
Sciences, University of Sonora, Avenida Universidad e Irigoyen, Caborca, Sonora,
Mexico
BiswajitMukherjee DepartmentofPharmaceuticalTechnology,JadavpurUniver-
sity, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
AnroopB.Nair DepartmentofPharmaceuticalSciences,CollegeofClinicalPhar-
macy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa,SaudiArabia
AmitKumarNayak DepartmentofPharmaceutics,SeemantaInstituteofPharma-
ceutical Sciences, Jharpokharia, Mayurbhanj, Odisha,India
SantwanaPadhi KIITTechnologyBusinessIncubator,KIITDeemedtobeUniver-
sity, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Anjali Pal Bose Memorial Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government
Autonomous Science CollegeJabalpur, Madhya Pradesh,India
ParthasarathiPanda Dr.B.C.RoyCollegeofPharmacy&AlliedHealthSciences,
Dr. Meghnad Saha Sarani, Bidhan Nagar, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
Brahamacharry Paul Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur Uni-
versity,Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Ng Yen Ping Faculty of Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy Unit, AIMST University,
Kedah, Malaysia
ShilpiRawat BoseMemorialResearchLab,DepartmentofChemistry,Government
Autonomous Science CollegeJabalpur, Madhya Pradesh,India
Somasree Ray Gupta College of Technological Sciences, Asansol, West Bengal,
India
MaliniSen GuptaCollegeofTechnologicalSciences,Asansol,WestBengal,India
RamkrishnaSen DepartmentofPharmaceuticalTechnology,JadavpurUniversity,
Kolkata, West Bengal, India
xvi Listofcontributors
Shalmoli Seth Gupta College of Technological Sciences, Asansol, West Bengal,
India
NatalieTrevaskis DrugDelivery, Disposition,andDynamics,MonashInstituteof
Pharmaceutical Sciences, MonashUniversity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
DicksonPiusWande DepartmentofPharmaceuticsandPharmacyPractice,School
of Pharmacy, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam,
Tanzania
Preface
In the recent scenario, theranostic nanomedicines facilitate multifunctional activities
including diagnosis and therapy of various diseases. Over the past few years,
numerous therapeutic and diagnostic agents are being delivered at the targeted site
withminimumsideeffectsandpropertherapeutic/diagnosticaction(s)foranextended
period of time. An ideal theranostic nanomedicine not only genuinely diagnoses and
detectsanydiseaseatitspreliminarystagebutalsoprovidesthemostfavorabletreat-
ment.Thisbookentitled“DesignandApplicationsofTheranosticNanomedicines”
coverstherecentinnovationsinthedesigningofnanomedicinescomposedofnatural
and/or synthetic polymers and inorganic nanomaterials with their helpful theranostic
applications.Italsoprovidesaconciseoverviewofutilityoftheamalgamatedactions
ofthesetheranosticnanostructuresasnanomedicinesinthepharmaceuticalandhealth-
care industry. This book also acts as an important reference for the readers and pro-
vides detail information about targeted delivery of nanotheranostics and how they
workas both diagnosticand therapeutic tools intreatingcomplex diseases.
This bookisa collectionof 15chapters presenting different keytopicsrelated to
nanomedicines, their designing and theranostic applications by the leading academi-
cians, scientists, and researchers across the world. A concise sketch on each chapter
contentshas been presentedfor thereaders to providea clear overview of this book.
Chapter 1 entitled “Theranostic nanostructures as nanomedicines: Benefits,
costs, and future challenges” focuses on the current research on nanostructure-
based therapeutics and diagnostics systems, including benefits, costs, and future
challenges.
Chapter2entitled“Theranosticnanogels:Designandapplications”describesthe
designsandapplicationsoftheranosticnanogelswithaparticularemphasisindiscus-
sing theimaging modality usedfor thediagnostic function.
Chapter3entitled“Exosomes:Anoveltoolfordiagnosisandtherapy”highlights
variousfeatures ofexosomes, their roles indiagnosis, and therapeutic applications.
Chapter 4 entitled “Engineered liposomes as drug delivery and imaging agents”
reviewsthedevelopment,progress,andapplicationsofvariousengineeredliposomes
for delivery of drugs and imaging agents, individually or in combinations as
theranostics.
Chapter5entitled“Polymericmicellesfortheranosticuses”addressescomprehen-
sivediscussionsinvolvingdescriptionandpreparationofpolymericmicelles,mecha-
nism of drug release from micelles, and their potential theranostic applications
specially indifferent stagesof cancer therapy.
xviii Preface
Chapter 6 entitled “Dendrimers: An effective drug delivery and therapeutic
approach”highlightstheusefulnessofdendriticstructuresandtheirpotentialapplica-
tionsin thetreatment ofvarious diseases.
Chapter 7 entitled “Nanocochleates: A novel lipid-based nanocarrier system for
drugdelivery”coversrecentadvancementsinnanocochleate-baseddrugdeliverysys-
tems with multiple aspects of nanocochleates such as their chemistry, components,
mechanismofactions,methodsofpreparation,stability,advantages,characterization,
applications, and currentcommercial status.
Chapter8entitled“Theranosticapplicationsofnanoemulsionsinpulmonarydis-
eases” deals withcomprehensivediscussionson the preparation and characterization
of nanoemulsions, advantages and disadvantages of nanoemulsions, clearance of
nanoemulsions, applications as novel theranostic tools (as nanoemulsion-based drug
delivery systems and nanoemulsion-based diagnostics) in treatment/management of
pulmonary diseases.
Chapter9entitled“Polymericnanoparticlesastumor-targetingtheranosticplat-
form”reviewsdifferentstrategiesdevelopedfortheapplicationofpolymericnanopar-
ticles for tumor-targeting diagnosis and therapy, with a closer look at the recent
studies, and discusses how the strategic development has progressed throughout the
years for the bench-to-market conversion ofconcept tocommercialization.
Chapter 10 entitled “Site-specific theranostic uses of stimuli responsive nanohy-
drogels, design, and applications of theranostic nanomedicines” summarizes the
importanceofnanohydrogels’responsetotheinternalstimulilikepH,redoxpotential,
etc.,andexternalstimuliliketemperature,light,magneticfield,etc.,usedfortheranos-
ticapplicationslikedeliveryofdrugsatthespecifictargetsiteswithcontrolledrelease
kinetics to tumor tissue andother disease conditions aswellas disease diagnosis.
Chapter 11 entitled “Ligand appended theranostic nanocarriers for targeted
bloodebrain barrier” encompasses preliminary introduction of ligand-appended
nanocarriers,theirsynthesis,characterization,andtheranosticapplicationsincrossing
bloodebrain barrier with targeting abilities. The underlying challenges and future
prospects havealso been highlighted for stimulating advanced research inthis area.
Chapter 12 entitled “Nanotheranostics in CNS malignancy” presents a brief dis-
cussion on various types of nanotheranostic agents that are used in the treatment of
glioma and central nervous system (CNS) malignancy including gold nanoparticles,
quantum dots, magnetic nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, solid lipid
nanoparticles, dendrimers, liposomes, etc.
Chapter13entitled“Applicationofnanotheranosticsincancer”reviewsandeval-
uatestheadvancesinthedevelopmentsofnanomedicinesforthetreatments,diagnos-
tics,andtheranostics ofcancer. Thischapterhasalsodiscussedthelimitationsinthe
provision of effective clinical usages of cancer nanotheranostics.
Chapter 14 entitled “Self-assembled protein nanoparticles for multifunctional
theranostic uses” discusses self-assembled protein-based nanomaterials in depth,
withafocusonnanoparticles.Theirmultifunctionaltheranosticusesindeliveringther-
apeutic medicines have also been explored with a practical discussion on how they
might be useful as prospective techniques for efficient and safe delivery in the treat-
ment/management ofdifferent diseases.
