Table Of ContentDEIXIS AND INFORMATION PACKAGING
IN RUSSIAN DISCOURSE
Pragmatics & Beyond
New Series
Editor:
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Teun A. Van Dijk (University of Amsterdam); Richard Watts (University of Bern)
50
Lenore A. Grenoble
Deixis and Information Packaging in Russian Discourse
DEIXIS AND INFORMATION
PACKAGING IN
RUSSIAN DISCOURSE
LENORE A. GRENOBLE
Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
JHN BENJAMINS PUBLISHING COMPANY
AMSTERDAM/PHILADELPHIA
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of
American National Standard for Information Sciences — Permanence of
Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Grenoble, Lenore A.
Deixis and information packaging in Russian discourse / Lenore A. Grenoble.
p. cm. -- (Pragmatics & beyond, ISSN 0922-842X ; new ser. 50)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Russian language-Deixis. 2. Russian language-Discourse analysis. I. Title. II. Series.
PG2398.D44G74 1998
491.75-dc21 98-14821
ISBN 90 272 5063 4 (Eur.) / 1-55619-812-4 (US) (alk. paper) CIP
© Copyright 1998 - John Benjamins B.V.
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any
other means, without written permission from the publisher.
John Benjamins Publishing Co. · P.O.Box 75577 1070 AN Amsterdam · The Netherlands
John Benjamins North America · P.O.Box 27519 · Philadelphia PA 19118-0519 · USA
CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES ix
PREFACE xi
LIST OF TRANSCRIPTION CONVENTIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS xvi
PART I. PRIMARY DEIXIS 1
CHAPTER 1. A FRAMEWORK FOR DEIXIS AND INFORMATION PACKAGING
1.1 Discourse, deixis, and information packaging 3
1.1.1 Theoretical issues in defining deixis 4
1.1.2 Deixis and information packaging 6
1.1.3 A framework for discourse 7
1.2 Dimensions of deixis and information packaging 13
1.2.1 Discourse deixis 16
1.2.2 Deixis or anaphora? 18
1.2.3 Discourse particles 21
1.3 The deictic center and the deictic field 26
1.3.1 The origo 27
1.3.2 The deictic field 28
1.3.3 Egocentricity and deictic shifts 29
1.4 The deictic frame of reference 32
CHAPTER 2. THE PRIMARY DEICTIC DIMENSIONS
2.1 Primary deixis 35
2.2 A framework for spatial descriptions 35
2.2.1 The oppositions ±proximal and ±inclusive 36
2.2.2 Fundamentals of locating expressions 38
2.3 Spatial deixis 43
2.3.1 Deictic motion verbs 43
2.3.2 "Hidden" deixis and the spatial prefixes 46
VI CONTENTS
2.4 Temporal deixis 52
2.4.1 Tense in Russian 54
2.5 Person, pronouns, and participants 62
2.5.1 Pronominal systems and discourse deixis 65
2.5.2 Presentatives 69
2.5.3 Demonstrative pronouns 72
2.6 Conclusion 75
PART II. DEIXIS AND THE TEXT 77
CHAPTER 3. SPATIO-TEMPORAL MAPPINGS: DIRECTIONAL DEICTICS
3.1 Directional discourse deictics 79
3.2 Spatial directional deictics 80
3.2.1 Locating expressions in the text 80
3.2.2 Space and the text 81
3.3 Temporal directional deictics 86
3.3.1 Discourse time 91
3.3.2 Event time 94
3.3.3 Converging time lines in discourse 97
3.4 The here and now 99
3.4.1 The now—sejčas and teper' 99
3.4.2 The here—tut and zdes' 104
3.4.3 The intersection of time and space—tut 109
3.5 Conclusion 111
CHAPTER 4. KNOWLEDGE AND EVIDENTIALITY
4.1 Sources of knowledge 113
4.2 Reported speech 115
4.2.1 Temporal reference and deixis 127
4.2.2 The matrix verb in reported speech 129
4.3 Sources of knowledge and evidentiality 132
4.3.1 Quotati ve particles 135
4.3.2 The verb govorit' as an evidential 142
4.4 Evidential adverbs and conjunctions 144
4.5 Footing and speaker evaluation 147
CONTENTS vii
4.6 Conclusion 149
PART III. DISCOURSE AND INFORMATION PACKAGING 151
CHAPTER 5. INFORMATION PACKAGING
5.1 Information packaging 153
5.1.1 Discourse topic 155
5.1.2 Topic/comment 159
5.1.3 Framing topics 166
5.2 Discourse units 170
5.2.1 Scene-setting devices 173
5.2.2 Verbal categories and episode boundaries 175
5.2.3 Openings and closings 178
5.2.4 Repetition 185
5.3 Sentential-level tracking 188
5.3.1 The participant framework and anaphora 188
5.3.2 Thematic switch 196
5.3.3 Participant tracking 199
5.4 Deixis and focus 200
5.4.1 Quasi-clefts 201
5.4.2 Left-dislocation 205
5.5 Conclusion 207
CHAPTER 6. GROUNDING AND SALIENCY
6.1 Grounding and saliency 208
6.2 Predicate properties 215
6.2.1 Tense and aspect 216
6.2.2 Mood 229
6.2.3 Event order 232
6.3 Individuation and the participants 235
6.3.1 Animacy and person 237
6.3.2 Number 240
6.3.3 Definiteness 242
6.4 Syntactic encodings—voice and transitivity 246
6.4.1 Voice in Russian 246
viii CONTENTS
6.4.2 Participant frameworks 253
6.5 Conclusion 254
CHAPTER 7. CONCLUSION 257
APPENDIX: TEXTS 260
NOTES 287
REFERENCES 301
NAME INDEX 327
SUBJECT INDEX 331
Tables and figures
TABLES
TABLE 1. Dimensions of deixis and information packaging 15
TABLE 2. Communicative functions of primary deixis
TABLE 3. Communicative functions in information packaging 33
TABLE 4. ±proximal and ±inclusive in primary deixis 3 8
TABLE 5. Spatial and participant factors in the distribution of po- and pri- 52
TABLE 6. Tense/aspect paradigm 54
TABLE 7. Personal pronouns in Russian 68
TABLE 8. Conative verbs in reported speech 131
TABLE 9. Saliency hierarchy 223
TABLE 10. Distribution of predicate types in oralnarrative 260
FIGURES
FIGURE 1. Spatial and temporal representations of time 111
FIGURE 2. Event time 112
FIGURE 3. Reported speech continuum 119
