Deep Structure and Past Kinematics of Accreted Terranes

285 Pages·22.053 MB·English

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DeepS tructaunrdeP ast
KinematoifcA sc cretTeedr ranes
JohW.n H illhouse
Editor
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AmericGaeno physUinciaoln
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InternationoafGl e oUdneiasonynd G eophysics
LibraorfCy o ngreCsast aloging-in-PDuabtlai cation
Deeps tructuarned p askti nematoifca sc cretteedr ranes.
(Geophysmiocnaolg ra;p h50lIUGsGe ri;e 5s)
"A selectoifop na perpsr esentiensd y mposiu1m2a tt heX IXG eneral
Assembloyft heI UGG,h elAdu gus1t5 -181,9 87i,nV ancouver"-Pref.
1.G eologSyt,r uctural-Congr2e.Gs esoedsy.n amics-Congresses.
3.E arth-Crust-CongreIs.Hs ielsl.h ouJsoeh,nW . III.n ternational
Uniono fG eodesayn dG eophycss.i GenerAasls embl(y1 9:t h198:7 Van­
couveBr.,C .I)I I.S eries.
QE601.D3149 89 551.7 89-6579
ISBN0 -87590-454-8
Copyrig1h9t8 9b yt heA mericaGne ophysiUcnailo n2,0 00F loriAdvae nue,
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CONTENTS
Preface
J.W .H illhoxiu se
1. GlobaMle sozoiRce constructiUosnisn g ReviCsoendti nenDtaatlaa ndT erraneH istoriAe s:
ProgreRsesp ort
K.M .W ilsMo.Jn ,.R osaonlWd,. W .H ay 1
2. GeodynamiIcn terpretaFtrioomnP sa leomagneDtaitcao fL atPea leozoRiocc ksi nt he
SoutheArnn des
A.E .R apalJi.nFi .V, i lMa.sL ,.B obbainoDd,. A .V alenc4i1 o
3. TheF alkland IsNleawn dPsa:l aeomagnDeattiaca ndT heiOrr igians a DisplacTeedr rane
FromS outhern Africa
G.K .T ayalnoJdro hSnh aw 59
4. PaleomagneDtaitcaa ndt heA ccretiooftn h eG uerrerToe rranSeo,u theMrne xico
ContinenMtaarlg in
H.B ohnLe.Al l,v a-VaSl.Gd oinvziaal,e zJ-.UH rureustciaa,- FDu.cJ u.Mg oaruacnh-iZ,e nteno,
anPd. S chaa7f3
5. PlatKei nematCiocn troolnsA ccretion
D.M .J urdy9 3
6. Refinemenotfst he" Baja British CoPlluamtbei-aT"e cMtoodneilcf orN orthward
TranslatAiloonn gt heM argionf W esterNno rthA merica
P.J .U mhoefJeoDrer, a goJvefiCfca hrya,,n Dd. C .E ngebr1e0t1s on
7. Paleomagnetoifst mh eM ississipUpiPa Pni pea ndt he Western Moafrt ghieN no rth
AmericaCnr aton
D.T .A .S ymoannsMd . T .L ewch1u1k3
8. StructuarnadlP aleomagneEtviicd enfcoer T ertiaBreyn dinogf t heE asteBrrno okRsa nge
FlexurAel,a ska
P.W .P lumMl.eS y.V, a ncaenG,di uMliiloa z1z27o
9. PaleomagnetoifsC mr etaceoaunsdP aleoceSneed imentaRroyc ksA crostsh eC astle
MountaiFna ulSto,u thC entrAalla ska
J.A .S tamatKa.Pk .Ko osd,a Lm.aF ,.V ittaonrTdi. Lo .,P avl1i5s1
10.N ew AspectosfR otatioDnyanla micWsi thitnh eN orth American-DPuacctiifiSlche e aZro ne
E.R .I vin17s9
11.T heD eepS tructoufrN eo rthA mericaAnc cretTeedr ranFerso mD eepS eismiRce flectiDoant a
C.J .P ott2e03r
12.S eismiAcn isotroopfty heS ubcrusLtiatlh osphienrE eu ropeA:n otheCrl uet oR ecognition
ofA ccretTeedr ranes?
VladiBsalbauavSkan Jd.P lomer20o9v a
13.P aleozoic AccreHtiisotnoaroryfty h eN orthA mericaPnl atMea rgi(nC entraanld S outhern
AppalachiaCnosn)s:t raiFnrtosm t heA ge,O rigiann dD istributoifGo rna nitRiocc ks
A.K risShinnaEh .aA ,.H unda,nJ d.P .H oga2n1 9
14.P aleomagneSttiucd oy ft heU pperC retaceoIzuusm iS trike-BSalsiipAn l ongt heM edian
TectonLiicn ei nS outhweJsatp an
KazutKoo dam23a9
15.P aleomagneEtviicd enfcoer P leistocene Clockwisien t hReoO tsaitoHi iolnl As :P ossible
Recorodf I nteractBieotnw eetnh eP hilippSienaeP lataen dN ortheaJsatp an
MasaKtDoy aamnaHd i roKsihtia z2a49t o
16.T ectonic ImpliocfaP teiromnos- TriaPsaslieco magneRteiscu lFtrso mN ortha ndS outhC hina
XixZih aaon Rd. S . C2o6e7
ix
PREFACE
The concepotf "accretteedr ranetsh,a"tc ontinents constraibnye tdh ep atteronf sea-flomoarg netic
growb y thea dditioofn d isplacferda gmenotfs c rustw,as anomaliaensd b y thea ssumptioofn s ymmetriscp reading,
thec entrtaolp iocf a recenmtu ltidisciplsiynmaproys ium predicotb liqusel iopf ther equirmeadg nitudteo e xplain
sponsorbeyd t heI nternatiUonniaoln o f Geodesayn d event hel argedri splacemenHtosw.e veri,t w as pointed
Geophysi(cIsU GG).T hisv olumec ontaian ss electoifo n outt hatp ossibelrer orisn t hep latree construclteiaodn s
paperpsr esentiendS ymposiu1m 2a tt heX IX General toc onsideraubnlcee rtainitnit ehse s livpe ctortsh,e reby
Assembloyf theI UGG, heldA ugus1t 5-1189,8 i7n, limititnhge p redictpiovwee ro f thek inematmiocd els.
VancouverC.o nvenorEsd wardI rvinagn dD avidS tone Seismirce flectpiroong ramssu cha sL ITHOPROBEi n
focusetdh ep rograomn twom ajort hemes.T he first Canadaa ndC OCORP int heU niteSdt atehsa ver evealed
wast ot ractkh ed isplacemoefn tte rranuessi npga leomag­thed eeps tructuorfet erranienst hen ortheCronr dillera
netismg,e ologmiacp pinga,n dp aleontoloTghye. s econd ande lsewheorne t hec ontinenTth.e base of the
themew as toe xplorteh ed eeps tructuorfe a ccreted Wrangelltiear ranoen VancouveIrs lanfdo,r e xamplei,s
terranuessi nsge ismologigceaolc,h emicaanld,p otential­ definebdy a subhorizotnhtrauls fta ulatt 1 5-2k0m
fielmde thodsG.i vent hes copeo f thosteo picist,i sn o depth.A fundamentqaule stiiosnh ow northwarmdo tion
surpritshea tt hep articipraenptrse senmtaendy specialtieosf Cordilletrearnr aniessa ccmomodateadt d eptht;h e
withitnh ef ielodf solid-eagretohp hsyicsT.h e program answemru std ependo n thei nterplbaeyt weesnt eep
includceads eh istorfireosm a collectoifo fno ldb elts transcurrfeanutl tasn dt heu nderlyibnogu ndintgh rusts.
spanninmgu ch timea ndl ongd istancferso,m t he The abovee xampleasr ej usta samplinogf then ew
Proterozsouitcu reosf NorthA merictao t heC enozoic researacnhd s piritdeids cusstihoantc haractertihzee d
accretioncaormyp lexoefs t heP acifriicm . symposiumR.e grettabtlhyi,vs o lumed oesn oti ncludael l
The symposiumo'bsj ectiwveerse p erhapbse st of the4 9p resentatimoannsy; o f thep aperhsa veb een
expressbeyd t hes erieosf paperasb outd isplacemaenndt publisheelds ewherNee.v ertheltehsesv ,o lumec ontaian s
accretioofn t erranienst heC anadiaCno rdilleDruab.b ed selectoiofn p apertsh atr epresetnhtesb readtohf the
by somea s" BajBar itiCsohl umbiaf"o ri tst ectonic program(.F ort hec ompletper ograsme e":A bstract
resemblantcoeB ajaC aliforntihaer, e giowna st hes ubject VolumeI ,X IX GeneraAls sembloyf theI UGG,p . 105-
of liveldyi scusscioonnc erniintgsd eeps tructufraeu,l ting1, 171,9 87av,a"i labflreo mD epartmeonft G eological
stratigraapnhdyp ,a leopositPiaolne.o magnethiasvtes ScienceUsn,i versiotfy B ritiCsohl umbiVaa,n couveBr.,C .,
proposetdh atw esterBnr itiCsohl umbimao ved2 00k0m Canada.)
northwarrde latitvoet hec ratonmiacr gidnu rintgh eL ate I wouldl ikteo t hanka uthorasn dr eviewefrosr t heir
Cretaceoouns t heb asiosf discordamnatg netic enthusiasptairct icipaitnit ohni psr ojectI.n particulIa r,
inclinatiMoanpsp.i ngh ass howna largceu mulative wantt ot hankW illiaHma rber(tU niversiotfy P ittsburgh)
offseatc rosdse xtrsatlr ike-fsaluilpt isn t her egiobnu, t andA GU stafmfe mbersJ aneEtv ansa ndL ori
thet otaelq ualosn lya bouth alfo f thed isplacement Klinzmanfno re ditoraisasli stance.
measurebdy paleomagnetiAslmt.h ougthh ea mounto f
displacemiesnc to ntrovermsainayl g,e ologiasgtrse teh at
fast-movioncge anipcl atehsa veb eent hed rivinfgo rce
fort erranmeo vementisn t hew esterCno rdilleSreav.e ral
speakeprrse sentreedc onstrucotfi oocnesa nipcl ate JohnW . Hillhouse
motionasn dp redictreedl atimvoet ionasl ogn theP acific U. S.G eologicSaulr vey
marginof NorthA mericaT.h e modelsw,h icha re MenloP arkC,a lifornia
xi
Geophysical Monograph Series Deep Structure and Past Kinematics of Accreted Terranes Vol. 50
GLOBAL MESOZOIC RECONSTRUCTIONS USING REVISED CONTINENTAL DATA
AND TERRANE HISTORIES: A PROGRESS REPORT
Kevin M. Wilson, Michael J. Rosol, and William W. Hay
Museum, CIRES and Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309
Abstract. A number of regional terrane recon- Introduction
structions conflict with inferred global plate
history or with data from adjacent regional stud- The theory of plate tectonics was developed in
ies. Global plate tectonic reconstructions have the 1960's [Dietz,1961; Wilson, 1965; Vine, 1966;
ignored terranes until recently, and as a result LePichon, 1968] and led to a re-examination of the
are over-simplified. This paper represents a changing paleogeography indicated by the much
progress report on an attempt to "marry" Mesozoic older [Wegener, 1915] theory of continental drift
global plate reconstructions and terrane analysis [e.g. Bullard et al., 1965; Dietz & Holden,
to produce examples of a "third generation" of 1970]. Increasingly sophisticated attempts were
global plate tectonic maps. The best approach to made during the 1970's and early 1980's to produce
such an endeavor involves reiterative intercom- "second generation" models of global and regional
parison of all regional data amongst each other tectonics [e.g. Smith & Briden, 1977; Barron et
and with the evolving global model. Data con- al., 1978; 1981; Norton & Sclater, 1979; Rab-
flicts within and between terranes and regions inowitz & LaBrecque, 1979; Powell et al., 1980;
must be resolved by a system of relative reliabil- Vink, 1982; Pindell & Dewey, 1982; Ziegler et al.,
ity "weighting". For the purpose of completing a 1983; Lawyer et al., 1985].
global tectonic synthesis, the most reliable and Meanwhile, another "revolution" in geological
useful data are those which constrain "departure" thinking was introduced by the discovery of dis-
(rift) and "arrival" (collision/accretion) times. placed or suspect tectonostratigraphic terranes
Certain ad hoc decisions aid in the analysis; for [Monger & Ross, 1971; Audley-Charles et al., 1972;
example, plates and their terrane passengers are Jones et al., 1972; 1978; Stauffer, 1974; Beck,
constrained to move at half-spreading rates of 1976; Hillhouse,1977; Irwin et al., 1977; Fan,
less than 20 cm/yr, and only one net vector is 1978; Bowen et al., 1978]. Again a new theory led
allowed per plate. Inspection of the maps pro- to re-examination of old ideas, and the rapid
duced for this progress report suggests the fol- growth of terrane analysis as a sub-discipline was
lowing preliminary results: 1) more than 100 ter- assured [e.g. Sengor, 1979; 1984; 1987; Hamilton,
ranes and microcontinents are required to explain 1979; Coney et al., 1980; Ridd, 1980; Kamp, 1980;
Mesozoic tectonic history; 2) terranes were con- Hillhouse & Gromme, 1980; 1984; Mitchell, 1981;
tinuously added to the plate tectonic gristmill Nur & Ben Avraham,1982; Saito & Hashimoto, 1982;
throughout the Mesozoic; 3) there were at least Tozer, 1982; Jones et al., 1983; 1986; Klimetz,
two major types of continental rifting operating 1983; Karig, 1983; Burke et al., 1984; Zhang et
in the Mesozoic: spalling-off of "chips off the al., 1984; Dercourt et al., 1985; Howell et al.,
old blocks", and late propagation of rifts into 1985; Hallam, 1986].
the centers of continents to produce their breakup As a result of the necessity for detailed anal-
and dispersion; 4) it may not be necessary to ysis, terrane researchers have focused on solving
invoke breakup of the "Pacifica" and "Cimmerian" regional problems [e.g. Holloway,1982; Fujita &
continents; 5) a number of large islands drifted Newberry, 1982; Ernst, 1983; Monger, 1984; Pigram
across climate zones in the Mesozoic; and 6) it is & Panggabean, 1984; McCabe et al., 1985; Xiong &
possible to reconcile seemingly contradictory Coney, 1985; Chamberlain & Lambert, 1985; Chang et
terrane histories using relative data reliability al., 1986], while global paleogeographers have
weighting, simple plate motions and normal spread- continued to focus on major continental blocks
ing rates. These results demonstrate the applica- until quite recently [Lawyer & Scotese, 1987;
bility of "third generation" plate history analy- Wilson, 1987]. This situation has unfortunately
sis and mapping techniques. led to a number of regional terrane reconstruc-
tions that conflict with global plate history or
Copyright 1989 by with data from adjacent regional studies. Global
International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics plate tectonic reconstructions have been over-
and American Geophysical Union. simplified and need to include the new terrane
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