Date palm biotechnology protocols. Volume I, Tissue culture applications

345 Pages·2017·13.38 MB·English

by  Al-Khayri

Methods in
Molecular Biology 1637
Jameel M. Al-Khayri
S. Mohan Jain
Dennis V. Johnson Editors
Date Palm
Biotechnology
Protocols
Volume I
Tissue Culture Applications
M M B
ETHODS IN OLECULAR IO LO GY
SeriesEditor
JohnM.Walker
School of Lifeand MedicalSciences
University ofHertfordshire
Hatfield, Hertfordshire,AL109AB,UK
Forfurther volumes:
http://www.springer.com/series/7651
Date Palm Biotechnology
Protocols Volume I
Tissue Culture Applications
Edited by
Jameel M. Al-Khayri
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology
King Faisal University
Al-Hassa, SA
S. Mohan Jain
Agricultural Sciences
University of Helsinki
Helsinki, FL
Dennis V. Johnson
Cincinnati, OH, USA
Editors
JameelM.Al-Khayri S.MohanJain
DepartmentofAgricultural AgriculturalSciences
Biotechnology UniversityofHelsinki
KingFaisalUniversity Helsinki,FL
Al-Hassa,SA
DennisV.Johnson
Cincinnati,OH,USA
ISSN1064-3745 ISSN1940-6029 (electronic)
MethodsinMolecularBiology
ISBN978-1-4939-7155-8 ISBN978-1-4939-7156-5 (eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-1-4939-7156-5
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2017945286
©SpringerScience+BusinessMediaLLC2017
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Preface
Biotechnologyisplayinganessentialroleinsustainingsufficientfoodsupplieschallengedby
the burgeoning human population and current global environmental changes. Develop-
ment of plant biotechnology has reached advanced stages of applications in several impor-
tant food crops. Palm fruit crops, particularly those grown predominantly in developing
countries, are attracting increasing research attention in response to greater funding allo-
catedforplantbiotechnologyresearchinthesecountries.Cultivationofdatepalm(Phoenix
dactylifera L.), an economically important tree species grown in the arid and semiarid
regions of the Middle East and North Africa, has expanded to Australia, Southern Africa,
South America, Mexico and the southwestern USA. In addition to its high nutritive value
andversatiletreeby-products,dateshavediversemedicinalpropertiesduetoahighcontent
of bioactive compounds including carotenoids, polyphenols, tannins, and sterols. These
compoundsareknownforantioxidantactivity,cholesterol-loweringproperties,andchemo-
preventionwhichmayinhibitcancer,diabetes,andcardiovasculardiseases.
Our earlier book entitled Date Palm Biotechnology provided a comprehensive coverage
onvariousbiotechnologicalaspectsinrelationtodatepalm.ThisbookDatePalmBiotech-
nology Protocols is intended to supplement the previous volume and to provide precise
stepwiseprotocolsinthefieldofdatepalmbiotechnology.Materials,equipment,methods,
and analysis are detailed for easy adoption by novices and substantiated with relevant
referencesforspecialistsdesiringtoindulgeinnewbiotechnologicalapplications.
The book consists of two volumes, Vol 1: Tissue Culture Applications and Vol 2:
Germplasm Conservation and Molecular Breeding. This first volume comprises 27 chapters
grouped in six parts: Part I Adventitious Organogenesis; Part II Somatic Embryogenesis;
Part III Contamination, Hyperhydricity, and Acclimatization; Part IV Cell Suspension,
Protoplast,andBioreactors;PartVGeneticTransformation;andPartVISecondaryMeta-
bolitesandAbioticStress.Eachprotocolchapterstartswithabriefintroductionrelevantto
the topic methodology and then lists the necessary materials, including chemical and
equipment, as well as reagent preparation, followed by detailed reproducible procedural
stepssupportedwithobservationalnotesandillustrativephotographs.Thechaptersinthis
book are authored and reviewed by prominent specialists demonstrating distinct research
contributions to date palm biotechnology, invited from industry, universities, and research
institutes.
This two-volume book is a valuable resource to students, researchers, scientists, com-
mercialproducers,consultants,andpolicymakersinterestedinagricultureorplantsciences
particularly in date palm biotechnology. This protocol manual is highly recommended for
teachingadvancedlevelundergraduateaswellasgraduatecoursesindatepalmbiotechnol-
ogyorother relevantcourses.
Wewouldliketoexpressoursinceregratitudeforthegenerosityandexcellentcoopera-
tion of the chapter authors of these two volumes. In total, 125 scientists, representing 21
countries, have provided their detailed knowledge of the biotechnological protocols being
v
vi Preface
employedtoimprovethedatepalmandenhanceitscontributiontotheworld’sfoodneeds.
Thesetwoscientificbooksrepresenttheepitomeofinternationalcooperation,transcending
thevariousdifferences,whichexistintheworld,andemphasizingthecommonsolutionsto
feedingtheburgeoninghumanpopulationoftheplanetweallshare.
Al-Hassa,SA JameelM.Al-Khayri
Helsinki,FL S.MohanJain
Cincinnati,OH,USA DennisV.Johnson
Contents
Preface ..................................................................... v
Contributors................................................................. xi
PART I ADVENTITIOUS ORGANOGENESIS
1 Cultivar-DependentDirectOrganogenesisofDatePalmfromShoot
TipExplants............................................................ 3
LarbiAbahmane
2 NAA-InducedDirectOrganogenesisfromFemaleImmatureInflorescence
ExplantsofDatePalm................................................... 17
HussamS.M.Khierallah,SalehM.Bader,andMakkiA.Al-Khafaji
3 DirectOrganogenesisfromImmatureFemaleInflorescenceofDatePalm
byGradualReductionof2,4-DConcentration ............................. 27
EzzEl-DinG.Gadalla
4 OptimizedDirectOrganogenesisfromShootTipExplantsofDate
Palm .................................................................. 37
RehabSidky
5 DirectOrganogenesisandIndirectSomaticEmbryogenesisbyInVitro
ReversionofMatureFemaleFloralBudstoaVegetativeState................ 47
EmanM.M.Zayed
PART II SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS
6 EnhancedIndirectSomaticEmbryogenesisofDatePalmUsingLow
LevelsofSeawater....................................................... 63
RaniaA.Taha
7 EnhancedIndirectSomaticEmbryogenesisfromShoot-TipExplants
ofDatePalmbyGradualReductionsof2,4-DConcentration................ 77
ZeinabE.Zayed
8 IndirectSomaticEmbryogenesisfromMatureInflorescenceExplants
ofDatePalm ........................................................... 89
AliM.Al-Ali,Chien-YingKo,SultanA.Al-Sulaiman,SamiO.Al-Otaibi,
AbdUlmoneemH.Al-Khamees,andMegahedH.Ammar
9 IndirectSomaticEmbryogenesisofDatePalmUsingJuvenileLeaf
ExplantsandLow2,4-DConcentration ................................... 99
LotfiFki,WalidKriaa,AmeniNasri,EmnaBaklouti,OlfaChkir,
RajaB.Masmoudi,AlainRival,andNoureddineDrira
10 Desiccation-EnhancedMaturationandGerminationofDatePalm
SomaticEmbryosDerivedfromCellSuspensionCulture.................... 107
NazimBoufis,KhayreddineTitouh,andLakhdarKhelifi
vii
viii Contents
11 DesiccationandColdHardeningofDatePalmSomaticEmbryos
ImproveGermination ................................................... 119
HusseinJ.Shareef
12 HistologicalEvidenceofIndirectSomaticEmbryogenesisfrom
ImmatureFemaleDatePalmInflorescences................................ 129
EmanM.M.ZayedandOlaH.Abdelbar
13 HistologicalAnalysisoftheDevelopmentalStagesofDirectSomatic
EmbryogenesisInducedfromInVitroLeafExplantsofDatePalm ........... 145
OlaH.Abdelbar
PART III CONTAMINATION, HYPERHYDRICITYAND ACCLIMATIZATION
14 IdentifyingandControllingContaminationofDatePalmTissue
Cultures ............................................................... 165
AbeerH.I.Abdel-Karim
15 ControllingHyperhydricityinDatePalmInVitroCulturebyReduced
ConcentrationofNitrateNutrients ....................................... 175
MaiadaM.El-DawayatiandZeinabE.Zayed
16 ImprovementofInVitroDatePalmPlantletAcclimatizationRate
withKinetinandHoaglandSolution ...................................... 185
MonaM.Hassan
PART IV CELL SUSPENSION, PROTOPLASTAND BIOREACTORS
17 PlantRegenerationfromSomaticEmbryogenicSuspensionCultures
ofDatePalm........................................................... 203
MansourA.Abohatem,YazidBakil,andMohmmedBaaziz
18 SynchronizationofSomaticEmbryogenesisinDatePalmSuspension
CultureUsingAbscisicAcid.............................................. 215
HussainA.Alwael,PoornanandaM.Naik,andJameelM.Al-Khayri
19 MicrocalliInductioninProtoplastsIsolatedfromEmbryogenicCallus
ofDatePalm........................................................... 227
Khayreddine Titouh,NazimBoufis,andLakhdarKhelifi
20 TemporaryImmersionSystemforDatePalmMicropropagation.............. 239
AhmedOthmani,ChokriBayoudh,AmelSellemi,andNoureddineDrira
21 PlantformBioreactor forMassMicropropagationofDatePalm .............. 251
AbdulminamH.A.Almusawi,AbdullahJ.Sayegh,AnsamM.S.Alshanaw,
andJohnL.GriffisJr
PART V GENETIC TRANSFORMATION
22 GeneticTransformationofDatePalmViaMicroprojectile
Bombardment.......................................................... 269
MousaMousavi,AmirMousavi,AliA.Habashi,KazemArzani,
BaharehDehsara,andMohsenBrajeh
Contents ix
23 MicroprojectileBombardmentTransformationofDatePalm
UsingtheInsecticidalCholesterolOxidase(ChoA)Gene .................... 281
MaiA.AllamandMahmoudM.Saker
24 TransientGUSGeneExpressioninDatePalmFruitUsingAgroinjection
TransformationTechnique............................................... 295
MoheiEl-DinM.Solliman,HebaallahA.Mohasseb,
AbdullatifA.Al-Khateeb,JameelM.Al-Khayri,
andSulimanA.Al-Khateeb
PART VI SECONDARY METABOLITES AND ABIOTIC STRESS
25 BioreactorSteroidProductionandAnalysisofDatePalm
EmbryogenicCallus..................................................... 309
SherifEl-SharabasyandMaiadaEl-Dawayati
26 ExtractionandEstimationofSecondaryMetabolitesfromDate
PalmCellSuspensionCultures ........................................... 319
PoornanandaM.NaikandJameelM.Al-Khayri
27 InVitroAssessmentofAbioticStressinDatePalm:Salinity
andDrought........................................................... 333
JameelM.Al-Khayri,PoornanandaM.Naik,andHussainA.Alwael
Index...................................................................... 347
Contributors
LARBIABAHMANE (cid:1) PlantBiotechnologyLaboratory,INRA,MarrakechRegionalCenter
ofAgriculturalResearch,Marrakech,Morocco
ABEERH.I.ABDEL-KARIM (cid:1) CentralLaboratoryofDatePalmResearchandDevelopment,
AgriculturalResearchCenter,Giza,Egypt
OLAH.ABDELBAR (cid:1) DepartmentofAgriculturalBotany,FacultyofAgriculture,AinShams
University,Cairo,Egypt
MANSOURA.ABOHATEM (cid:1) DepartmentofBiology,FacultyofEducationandLanguages,
AmranUniversity,Amran,Yemen;PlantTissueCultureLaboratory,PublicCorporation
forAgriculturalServices,MinistryofAgricultureandIrrigation,Sana´a,Yemen
ALIM.AL-ALI (cid:1) PlantTissueCultureandGeneticEngineeringLaboratory,National
AgricultureandAnimalResourcesResearchCenter,MinistryofEnvironment,Waterand
Agriculture,Riyadh,SaudiArabia
MAKKIA.AL-KHAFAJI (cid:1) DepartmentofHorticultureandLandscapeGardening,
CollegeofAgriculture,UniversityofBaghdad,Baghdad,Iraq
ABDULMONEEMH.AL-KHAMEES (cid:1) PlantTissueCultureandGeneticEngineering
Laboratory,NationalAgricultureandAnimalResourcesResearchCenter,Ministryof
Environment,WaterandAgriculture,Riyadh,SaudiArabia
ABDULLATIFA.AL-KHATEEB (cid:1) DepartmentofAgriculturalBiotechnology,Collegeof
AgricultureandFoodSciences,KingFaisalUniversity,Al-Hassa,SaudiArabia
SULIMANA.AL-KHATEEB (cid:1) DepartmentofEnvironmentandNaturalResources,
CollegeofAgricultureandFoodSciences,KingFaisalUniversity,Al-Hassa,SaudiArabia
JAMEELM.AL-KHAYRI (cid:1) DepartmentofAgriculturalBiotechnology,CollegeofAgriculture
andFoodSciences,KingFaisalUniversity,Al-Hassa,SaudiArabia
MAIA.ALLAM (cid:1) GeneticEngineeringandBiotechnologyDivision,DepartmentofPlant
Biotechnology,NationalResearchCenter,Giza,Egypt
ABDULMINAMH.A.ALMUSAWI (cid:1) CellandBiotechnologyResearchUnit,CollegeofScience,
BasraUniversity,Basra,Iraq
SAMIO.AL-OTAIBI (cid:1) PlantTissueCultureandGeneticEngineeringLaboratory,National
AgricultureandAnimalResourcesResearchCenter,MinistryofEnvironment,Waterand
Agriculture,Riyadh,SaudiArabia
ANSAMM.S.ALSHANAW (cid:1) DatePalmResearchCentre,BasraUniversity,Basra,Iraq
SULTANA.AL-SULAIMAN (cid:1) PlantTissueCultureandGeneticEngineeringLaboratory,
NationalAgricultureandAnimalResourcesResearchCenter,MinistryofEnvironment,
WaterandAgriculture,Riyadh,SaudiArabia
HUSSAINA.ALWAEL (cid:1) DepartmentofAgriculturalBiotechnology,CollegeofAgricultureand
FoodSciences,KingFaisalUniversity,Al-Hassa,SaudiArabia
MEGAHEDH.AMMAR (cid:1) PlantProductionDepartment,CollegeofFoodandAgriculture
Sciences,KingSaudUniversity,Riyadh,SaudiArabia
KAZEMARZANI (cid:1) DepartmentofHorticultureScience,FacultyofAgriculture,Tarbiat
ModaresUniversity,Tehran,Iran
MOHMMEDBAAZIZ (cid:1) LaboratoiredeBiotechnologies-Biochimie,ValorisationetProtectiondes
Plantes,Faculte´ desSciencesSemlalia,Universite´ CadiAyyad,Marrakech,Morocco
xi