Table Of ContentStudies in Classification, Data Analysis,
and Knowledge Organization
ManagingEditors EditorialBoard
H.-H.Bock,Aachen Ph.Arabie,Newark
W.Gaul,Karlsruhe D.Baier,Cottbus
M.Vichi,Rome F.Critchley,MiltonKeynes
R.Decker,Bielefeld
E.Diday,Paris
M.Greenacre,Barcelona
C.Lauro,Naples
J.Meulman,Leiden
P.Monari,Bologna
S.Nishisato,Toronto
N.Ohsumi,Tokyo
O.Opitz,Augsburg
G.Ritter,Passau
M.Schader,Mannheim
C.Weihs,Dortmund
Titles in the Series:
E. Diday, Y. Lechevallier, and M. Schwaiger and O. Opitz (Eds.)
O. Opitz (Eds.) Ordinal and Exploratory Data Analysis in
Symbolic Data Analysis. 1996 Empirical Research. 2003
R. Klar and O. Opitz (Eds.) M. Schader, W. Gaul, and M. Vichi (Eds.)
Classification and Knowledge Between Data Science and Applied
Organization. 1997 Data Analysis. 2003
C. Hayashi, N. Ohsumi, K. Yajima, H.-H. Bock, M. Chiodi, and
Y. Tanaka, H.-H. Bock, and Y. Baba (Eds.) A. Mineo (Eds.)
Data Science, Classifaction, Advances in Multivariate Data
and Related Methods. 1998 Analysis. 2004
I. Balderjahn, R. Mather, and D. Banks, L. House, F.R. McMorris,
M. Schader (Eds.) P. Arabie, and W. Gaul (Eds.)
Classification, Data Analysis, and Classification, Clustering, and Data
Data Highways. 1998 Minig Applications. 2004
A. Rizzi, M. Vichi, and H.-H. Bock (Eds.) D. Baier and K.-D. Wernecke (Eds.)
Advances in Data Science Innovations in Classification, Data
and Classification. 1998 Science, and Information Systems. 2005
M. Vichi and O. Optiz (Eds.) M. Vichi, P. Monari, S. Mignani, and
Classification and Data Analysis. 1999 A. Montanari (Eds.)
New Developments in Classification
W. Gaul and H. Locarek-Junge (Eds.)
and Data Analysis. 2005
Classification in the Information
Age. 1999 D. Baier, R. Decker, and L. Schmidt-Thieme (Eds.)
Data Analysis and Decision Support. 2005
H.-H. Bock and E. Diday (Eds.)
Analysis of Symbolic Data. 2000 C. Weihs and W. Gaul (Eds.)
Classification - the Ubiquitous
H. A. L. Kiers, J.-P. Rasson, P.J.F.
Challenge. 2005
Groenen, and M. Schader (Eds.)
Data Analysis, Classification, and M. Spiliopoulou, R. Kruse, C.
Related Methods. 2000 Borgelt, A. Nürnberger, and W. Gaul (Eds.)
From Data and Information Analysis
W. Gaul, O. Opitz, M. Schader (Eds.)
to Knowledge Engineering. 2006
Data Analysis. 2000
V. Batagelj, H.-H. Bock, A. Ferligoj,
R. Decker and W. Gaul (Eds.)
and A. Žiberna (Eds.)
Classification and Information
Data Science and Classification. 2006
Processing at the Turn of the
Millenium. 2000 S. Zani, A. Cerioli, M. Riani, M. Vichi (Eds.)
Data Analysis, Classification and the
S. Borra, R. Rocci, M. Vichi,
Forward Search. 2006
and M. Schader (Eds.)
Advances in Classification and Data P. Brito, P. Bertrand, G. Cucumel,
Analysis. 2000 F. de Carvalho (Eds.)
Selected Contributions in Data Analysis
W. Gaul and G. Ritter (Eds.)
and Classification. 2007
Classification, Automation, and New
Media. 2002 R. Decker, H.-J. Lenz (Eds.)
Advances in Data Analysis. 2007
K. Jajuga, A. Sokolowski, and
H.-H. Bock (Eds.) C. Preisach, H. Burkhardt, L. Schmidt-Thieme,
Classification, Clustering and Data R. Decker (Eds.)
Analysis. 2002 Data Analysis, Machine Learning and Applications.
2008
·
Christine Preisach Hans Burkhardt
·
Lars Schmidt-Thieme Reinhold Decker
(Editors)
Data Analysis,
Machine Learning
and Applications
Proceedingsof the 31st Annual Conference
of the Gesellschaftfür Klassifikation e.V.,
Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg,
March 7–9, 2007
With226figuresand96tables
123
Editors
Christine Preisach Professor Dr. Hans Burkhardt
Institute of Computer Science and Lehrstuhl für Mustererkennung und
Institute of Business Economics and Bildverarbeitung
Information Systems Universität Freiburg
University of Hildesheim Gebäude 052
Marienburgerplatz 22 79110 Freiburg i. Br.
31141 Hildesheim Germany
Germany
Professor Dr. Dr. Lars Schmidt-Thieme Professor Dr. Reinhold Decker
Institute of Computer Science and Fakultät für Wirtschaftswissenschaften
Institute of Business Economics and Lehrstuhl für Betriebswirtschaftslehre,
Information Systems insbes. Marketing
Marienburgerplatz 22 Universitätsstraße 25
31141 Hildesheim 33615 Bielefeld
Germany Germany
ISBN: 978-3-540-78239-1 e-ISBN: 978-3-540-78246-9
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008925870
© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is
concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting,
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Preface
This volume contains the revised versions of selected papers presented during the
31stAnnualConferenceoftheGermanClassificationSociety(GesellschaftfürKlas-
sifikation – GfKl). The conference was held at the Albert-Ludwigs-University in
Freiburg,Germany,inMarch2007.ThefocusoftheconferencewasonDataAnaly-
sis,MachineLearning,andApplications,itcomprised200talksin36sessions.Ad-
ditionally 11 plenary and semi-plenary talks were held by outstanding researchers.
With 292 participants from 19 countries in Europe and overseas this GfKl Confer-
ence, once again, provided an international forum for discussions and mutual ex-
change of knowledge with colleagues from different fields of interest. From alto-
gether 120 full papers that had been submitted for this volume 82 were finally ac-
cepted.
With the occasion of the 30st anniversary of the German Classification Society
theassociatedsocietiesSekcjaKlasyfikacjiiAnalizyDanychPTS(SKAD),Verenig-
ingvoorOrdinatieenClassificatie(VOC),JapaneseClassificationSociety(JCS)and
ClassificationandDataAnalysisGroup(CLADAG)havesponsoredthefollowingin-
vitedtalks:PaulEilers-StatisticalClassificationforReliableHigh-volumeGenetic
Measurements(VOC);EugeniuszGatnar-FusionofMultipleStatisticalClassifiers
(SKAD);AkinoriOkada-Two-DimensionalCentralityofaSocialNetwork(JCS);
Donatella Vicari - Unsupervised Multivariate Prediction Including Dimensionality
Reduction(CLADAG).
Thescientificprogramincludedabroadrangeoftopics,besidesthemaintheme
oftheconference,especiallymethodsandapplicationsofdataanalysisandmachine
learningwereconsidered.Thefollowingsessionswereestablished:
I.TheoryandMethods
SupervisedClassification,Discrimination,andPatternRecognition(G.Ritter);Clus-
ter Analysis and Similarity Structures (H.-H. Bock and J. Buhmann); Classifica-
tion and Regression (C. Bailer-Jones and C. Hennig); Frequent Pattern Mining (C.
Borgelt);DataVisualizationandScalingMethods(P.Groenen,T.Imaizumi,andA.
Okada);ExploratoryDataAnalysisandDataMining(M.MeyerandM.Schwaiger);
MixtureAnalysisinClustering(S.Ingrassia,D.Karlis,P.SchlattmannandW.Sei-
VI Preface
del); Knowledge Representation and Knowledge Discovery (A. Ultsch); Statistical
Relational Learning (H. Blockeel and K. Kersting); Online Algorithms and Data
Streams(C.Sohler);AnalysisofTimeSeries,LongitudinalandPanelData(S.Lang);
ToolsforIntelligentDataAnalysis(M.HahslerandK.Hornik);DataPreprocessing
andInformationExtraction(H.-J.Lenz);TypingforModeling(W.Esswein).
II.Applications
MarketingandManagementScience(D.Baier,Y.Boztug,andW.Steiner);Banking
and Finance (K. Jajuga and H. Locarek-Junge); Business Intelligence and Person-
alization(A.Geyer-SchulzandL.Schmidt-Thieme);DataAnalysisinRetailing(T.
Reutterer); Econometrics and Operations Research (W. Polasek); Image and Sig-
nal Analysis (H. Burkhardt); Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (R. Backofen, H.-P.
KlenkandB.Lausen);MedicalandHealthSciences(K.-D.Wernecke);TextMining,
WebMining,andtheSemanticWeb(A.NürnbergerandM.Spiliopoulou);Statistical
NaturalLanguageProcessing(P.Cimiano);Linguistics(H.GoeblandP.Grzybek);
SubjectIndexingandLibraryScience(H.-J.HermesandB.Lorenz);StatisticalMu-
sicology (C. Weihs); Archaeology and Archaeometry (M. Helfert and I. Herzog);
Psychology(S.Krolak-Schwerdt);DataAnalysisinHigherEducation(A.Hilbert).
ContributedSessions(byCLADAGandSKAD)
Latent class models for classification (A. Montanari and A. Cerioli); Classification
and models for interval-valued data (F. Palumbo); SelectedProblems in Classifica-
tion(E.Gatnar);RecentDevelopmentsinMultidimensionalDataAnalysisbetween
research and practice I (L. D’Ambra); Recent Developments in Multidimensional
DataAnalysisbetweenresearchandpracticeII(B.Simonetti).
The editors would like to emphatically thank all the section chairs for doing
suchagreatjobregardingtheorganizationoftheirsectionsandtheassociatedpaper
reviews.
Cordial thanks also go to the members of the scientific program committee for
their conceptual and practical support as well as for the paper reviews: D. Baier
(Cottbus), H.-H. Bock (Aachen), H. Bozdogan (Tennessee), J. Buhmann (Zürich),
H.Burkhardt(Freiburg),A.Cerioli(Parma);R.Decker(Bielefeld),W.Gaul(Karl-
sruhe),A.Geyer-Schulz(Karlsruhe),P.Groenen(Rotterdam),T.Imaizumi(Tokyo),
K.Jajuga(Wroclaw),R.Kruse(Magdeburg),S.Lang(Innsbruck),B.Lausen(Erlan-
gen-Nürnberg), H.-J. Lenz (Berlin), F. Murtagh (London), H. Ney (Aachen), A.
Okada (Tokyo), L. Schmidt-Thieme (Hildesheim), C. Schnoerr (Mannheim), M.
Spiliopoulou(Magdeburg),C.Weihs(Dortmund),D.A.Zighed(Lyon).
Furthermorewewouldliketothanktheadditionalreviewers:A.Hotho,L.Mar-
inho,C.Preisach,S.Rendle,S.Scholz,K.Tso.
The great success of this conference would not have been possible without the
support of many people mainly working in the backstage. We would like to par-
ticularly thank M. Temerinac (Freiburg), J. Fehr (Freiburg), C. Findlay (Freiburg),
E. Patschke (Freiburg), A. Busche (Hildesheim), K. Tso (Hildesheim), L. Marinho
(Hildesheim) and the student support team for their hard work in the preparation
Preface VII
of this conference, for the support during the event and the post-processing of the
conference.
TheGfKlConference2007wouldnothavebeenpossibleinthewayittookplace
withoutthefinancialand/ormaterialsupportofthefollowinginstitutionsandcom-
panies(inalphabeticalorder):Albert-Ludwigs-UniversityFreiburg–FacultyofAp-
pliedSciences,GesellschaftfürKlassifikatione.V.,MicrosoftMünchenandSpringer
Verlag.Weexpressourgratitudetoallofthem.Finally,wewouldliketothankDr.
Martina Bihn from Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, for her support and dedication to
theproductionofthisvolume.
Hildesheim,FreiburgandBielefeld,February2008 ChristinePreisach
HansBurkhardt
LarsSchmidt-Thieme
ReinholdDecker
Contents
PartI Classification
Distance-basedKernelsforReal-valuedData
LluísBelanche,JeanLuisVázquez,MiguelVázquez ..................... 3
FastSupportVectorMachineClassificationofVeryLargeDatasets
JanisFehr,KarinaZapiénArreola,HansBurkhardt...................... 11
FusionofMultipleStatisticalClassifiers
EugeniuszGatnar ................................................. 19
Calibrating Margin–based Classifier Scores into Polychotomous
Probabilities
MartinGebel,ClausWeihs ......................................... 29
ClassificationwithInvariantDistanceSubstitutionKernels
BernardHaasdonk,HansBurkhardt .................................. 37
ApplyingtheKohonenSelf-organizingMapNetworkstoSelectVariables
KamilaMigda(cid:273)Najman,KrzysztofNajman ............................. 45
ComputerAssistedClassificationofBrainTumors
NorbertRöhrl,JoséR.Iglesias-Rozas,GaliaWeidl....................... 55
Model Selection in Mixture Regression Analysis – A Monte Carlo
SimulationStudy
MarkoSarstedt,ManfredSchwaiger .................................. 61
ComparisonofLocalClassificationMethods
JuliaSchiffner,ClausWeihs ......................................... 69
Incorporating Domain Specific Information into Gaia Source
Classification
KesterW.Smith,CarolaTiede,CorynA.L.Bailer-Jones................... 77
X Contents
IdentificationofNoisyVariablesforNonmetricandSymbolicDatain
ClusterAnalysis
MarekWalesiak,AndrzejDudek ..................................... 85
PartII Clustering
FamiliesofDendrograms
PatrickErikBradley ............................................... 95
MixtureModelsinForwardSearchMethodsforOutlierDetection
DanielaG.Calò ..................................................103
OnMultipleImputationThroughFiniteGaussianMixtureModels
MarcoDiZio,UgoGuarnera........................................111
Mixture Model Based Group Inference in Fused Genotype and
PhenotypeData
BenjaminGeorgi,M.AnneSpence,PamelaFlodman,AlexanderSchliep .....119
TheNoiseComponentinModel-basedClusterAnalysis
ChristianHennig,PietroCoretto .....................................127
AnArtificialLifeApproachforSemi-supervisedLearning
LutzHerrmann,AlfredUltsch........................................139
HardandSoftEuclideanConsensusPartitions
KurtHornik,WalterBöhm ..........................................147
RationaleModelsforConceptualModeling
SinaLehrmann,WernerEsswein .....................................155
MeasuresofDispersionandCluster-TreesforCategoricalData
UlrichMüller-Funk................................................163
InformationIntegrationofPartiallyLabeledData
SteffenRendle,LarsSchmidt-Thieme..................................171
Contents XI
PartIII MultidimensionalDataAnalysis
DataMiningofanOn-lineSurvey-AMarketResearchApplication
Karmele Fernández-Aguirre, María I. Landaluce, Ana Martín, Juan I.
Modroño ........................................................183
NonlinearConstrainedPrincipalComponentAnalysisintheQuality
ControlFramework
MicheleGallo,LuigiD’Ambra.......................................193
NonParametricControlChartbyMultivariateAdditivePartialLeast
SquaresviaSpline
RosariaLombardo,AmaliaVanacore,Jean-FrancçoisDurand .............201
SimpleNonSymmetricalCorrespondenceAnalysis
AntonelloD’Ambra,PietroAmenta,ValentinRousson ....................209
FactorialAnalysisofaSetofContingencyTables
AmayaZárraga,BeatrizGoitisolo ....................................219
PartIV AnalysisofComplexData
GraphMining:Repositoryvs.CanonicalForm
ChristianBorgeltandMathiasFiedler.................................229
ClassificationandRetrievalofAncientWatermarks
GerdBrunner,HansBurkhardt ......................................237
SegmentationandClassificationofHyper-SpectralSkinData
HannesKazianka,RaimundLeitner,JürgenPilz.........................245
FSMTree: An Efficient Algorithm for Mining Frequent Temporal
Patterns
SteffenKempe,JochenHipp,RudolfKruse .............................253
AMatlabToolboxforMusicInformationRetrieval
OlivierLartillot,PetriToiviainen,TuomasEerola........................261
A Probabilistic Relational Model for Characterizing Situations in
DynamicMulti-AgentSystems
DanielMeyer-Delius,ChristianPlagemann,GeorgvonWichert,Wendelin
Feiten,GisbertLawitzky,WolframBurgard .............................269
ApplyingtheQ EstimatorOnline
n
RobinNunkesser,KarenSchettlinger,RolandFried ......................277
