Dam Protections against Overtopping and Accidental Leakage

302 Pages·2015·12.808 MB·English

by  Miguel Ángel Toledo, Rafael Moran, Eugenio Onate

DAMPROTECTIONSAGAINSTOVERTOPPINGANDACCIDENTALLEAKAGE

PROCEEDINGSOFTHE1STINTERNATIONALSEMINARONDAMPROTECTIONS
AGAINSTOVERTOPPINGANDACCIDENTALLEAKAGE,MADRID,SPAIN,24–26
NOVEMBER2014
Dam Protections against
Overtopping and Accidental
Leakage
Editors
Miguel ÁngelToledo & Rafael Morán
DepartmentofCivilEngineering:Hydraulics,EnergyandEnvironment
E.T.S.deIngenierosdeCaminos,TechnicalUniversityofMadrid,Madrid,Spain
Eugenio Oñate
InternationalCenterforNumericalMethodsinEngineering,Barcelona,Spain
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ISBN:978-1-138-02808-1(Hardback)
ISBN:978-1-315-68535-9(eBookPDF)
DamProtectionsagainstOvertoppingandAccidentalLeakage–Toledo,Morán&Oñate(Eds)
©2015Taylor&FrancisGroup,London,ISBN:978-1-138-02808-1
Table of contents
Preface IX
Acknowledgements XI
ScientificandOrganizingCommittees XIII
Organizinginstitutions XV
Supportinginstitutions XVII
Sponsoringcompany XIX
Keynotelectures
Technicalmanual:Overtoppingprotectionfordams 3
T.E.Hepler
Reviewofembankmentdamprotectionsandadesignmethodologyfor
downstreamrockfilltoes 25
R.Morán
Floodovertoppingprotectionforconcretedams 41
W.R.Fiedler
Failureofembankmentdamsduetoovertoppingoraccidentalleakage
Damfailuresofembankmentdamscausedbyovertoppingoraccidentalleakage–
Newaspectsforbreachwideninganddeepeningprocesses 59
A.Vogel,J.-R.Courivaud&K.Jarecka
Failureofdamsduetoovertopping–Ahistoricalprospective 73

M.J.Harris
OvertoppingandinternalerosiononsmalldamsinBurkinaFaso 83
A.Nombré,E.A.Somda,M.Kabore&F.Millogo
Failureofthedownstreamshoulderofrockfilldamsinovertoppingoraccidental
leakagescenario 89
M.Á.Toledo,H.Campos,Á.Lara&R.Cobo
Structuralfailureoftheclaycoreortheupstreamfaceofrockfilldamsin
overtoppingscenario 101
M.Á.Toledo,R.M.Alves&R.Morán
Simulationofthebeginningoffailureinrockfilldamscausedbyovertopping 111
A.Larese,R.Rossi&E.Oñate
V
CFDstudyofthetimedependentflowpatternaroundtheslopeofrockfill
damsinovertoppingscenario 123
J.SanMauro,M.Á.Toledo&R.Morán
Softprotectionsforembankmentdams
Designofovertopping-resistantrockfilldams 133
M.Á.Toledo&L.Morera
Isoresistantdoubleslopefortheoptimizationofovertopping-resistant
rockfilldams 143
M.Á.Toledo&L.Morera
Practicalchallengesandexperiencefromlarge-scaleovertoppingtestswith
placedriprap 151
P.H.Hiller&L.Lia
Hardprotectionsforembankmentdams
Continuously-reinforcedconcreteslabspillwaysbuiltoverembankmentdamsinSpain:
MolinodelaHozandLlodioDams 161
R.M.Alves&R.Morán
Comprehensiveliteraturereviewondamovertoppingincidents 169
N.Tavakoli
BarrigaDamspillway:acasestudyofwedge-shapedblockstechnology 181
R.Morán&M.Á.Toledo
Physicalandnumericalmodelingforunderstandingthehydraulicbehaviour
ofWedge-Shaped-Blocksspillways 193
F.J.Caballero,F.Salazar,J.SanMauro&M.Á.Toledo
Masonrydamsfailureduetoovertoppinganditsprotections
Failuresofmasonryorconcretedamsbyovertopping 207
A.Vogel,F.Laugier&E.Bourdarot

Laboratorymeasurementsandnumericalsimulationsofovertopping
nappeimpingementjets 219
J.M.Carrillo&L.G.Castillo
Characterizationofthedynamicactionsandscourestimationdownstreamofadam 231
L.G.Castillo&J.M.Carrillo
Highly-convergingchutesasanovertoppingprotectionforconcretedams:
physicalandnumericalmodelling 245
L.Morera,J.SanMauro,F.Salazar&M.Á.Toledo
Miscellaneous
Probabilisticmethodsforhydrologicdamsafetyanalysis 261
I.Flores,A.Sordo-Ward&L.Garrote
VI
Two-dimensionaldirectrainfallhydraulicmodelsappliedtodirectcalculation
ofhydrologiceventsindamstopreventovertopping 275
P.Batanero,I.Martínez&E.Martínez
CFDanalysisofflowpatterninlabyrinthweirs 287
F.Salazar,J.SanMauro,E.Oñate&M.Á.Toledo
Analysisofthedesignofenergy-dissipatingstructureinspillways 295
I.Robles,A.Palacio&A.Rodríguez
Authorindex 305

VII

DamProtectionsagainstOvertoppingandAccidentalLeakage–Toledo,Morán&Oñate(Eds)
©2015Taylor&FrancisGroup,London,ISBN:978-1-138-02808-1
Preface
During the last decades, and especially in the recent years, the technology of dam protection
againstovertoppingandaccidentalleakage,mainlyduetointernalerosion,hasundergonemajor
advancement.Althoughtheyaredifferenttechnicalproblems,frequentlytheavailabletechnology
forthesolutionisthesame,sobothissuesareconsideredtogetherinthisbook.
The increasing demand for safety in modern societies, combined with the limited availability
of financial resources, has created the need for cost-effective solutions. Different technologies
havebeensuccessfullyappliedtoaconsiderablenumberofdamsallovertheworld,butcasesare
scatteredacrossthetechnicalpublications.Alsotheincreasinglywidescientificworkrelatedtothis
subjectisdispersedanddisconnectedfromtheprofessionalwork.Soitwasconsideredconvenient
topromoteaninternationalforumforshowinganddiscussingcasesandresearchesrelatedtodam
protection.
The book contains a selection of the proceedings of the 1st International Seminar on Dam
ProtectionagainstOvertoppingandAccidentalLeakageheldinMadrid(Spain)in24–26November
2014.Thelatestadvancesondamprotectionsandaportfolioofapplicationsinrepresentativecase
studiesareincluded.Topicsofthebookare:failureanalysisofembankmentdams;softandhard
protectionsforembankmentdams;failureandprotectionofconcretedamsandadditionalissues
relatedtodamprotections.Thebookalsoincludesasummaryofthetechnicalmanual“Overtopping
ProtectionforDams”,publishedbytheUSFederalEmergencyManagementAgency(FEMA)in
March2014,thatwaspresentedinEuropeduringtheseminar.
This book can be considered as a comprehensive summary of the background about dam
protectionsincludingcasestudiesandappliedresearchworldwide.

IX