Cylindrical Antennas and Arrays

650 Pages·2002·5.42 MB·English

by  Ronold W. P. King

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Cylindrical Antennas and Arrays
Cylindricalantennasaretheradiatingelementsinmostmajorradiocommunicationsystems,
includingbroadcastingnetworks,cellulartelephonesystemsandradar.Inthisbook,theauthors
presentpracticaltheoreticalmethodsfordeterminingcurrentdistributions,inputadmittancesand
impedances,andfieldpatternsofawidevarietyofcylindricalantennasandarrays,includingthe
isolatedantenna,thetwo-elementarray,thecirculararray,curtainarrays,Yagiandlog-periodic
arrays,planararraysandthree-dimensionalarrays.Coveragealsoincludestheanalysisofhorizontal
andverticalantennasover,onandintheearthandsea,largeresonantarraysofelectricallyshort
dipolesandachapteronthetheoryandtechniquesofexperimentalmeasurement.Writtenbythree
oftheleadingengineersinthefield,andbasedonworld-classresearchcarriedoutatHarvardover
thelast40years,CylindricalAntennasandArraysisdestinedtobecomethebasicreferencefor
practicingengineersandadvancedstudentsformanyyearstocome.
RonoldW.P.KingisGordonMcKayProfessorofAppliedPhysics,EmeritusatHarvardUniversity.
SincejoiningtheHarvardfacultyin1938,hehassupervisedtheresearchofover100Ph.D.
students.HeisaLifeFellowoftheIEEE;aFellowoftheAmericanPhysicalSociety;anda
memberoftheBavarianAcademyofSciencesandtheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciences.
HeholdstheDistinguishedServiceAwardfromtheUniversityofWisconsin(1973),theCentennial
MedaloftheIEEE(1985),theHaroldPenderAwardfromtheUniversityofPennsylvania(1986),
theDistinguishedAchievementAwardoftheIEEEAntennas&PropagationSociety(1991),the
IEEEGraduateTeachingAward(1997),andtheChen-ToTaiDistinguishedEducatorAwardfrom
theIEEEAntennas&PropagationSociety(2001).
GeorgeJ.FikiorisisalecturerattheNationalTechnicalUniversityofAthens(NTUA)inGreece.After
obtaininghisPh.D.atHarvardUniversityin1993heworkedforsixyearsasanelectronicsengineer
attheAirForceResearchLaboratory,HanscomAFB,USAbeforejoiningtheNTUAin1999.
Richard B. Mack is a consultant with his own company, Mack Consulting, specializing in electro-
magneticmeasurementtechniques.

Cylindrical
Antennas and Arrays
Revised and enlarged 2nd edition of
‘Arrays of Cylindrical Dipoles’
Ronold W. P. King
GordonMcKayProfessorofAppliedPhysics,Emeritus,HarvardUniversity
George J. Fikioris
Lecturer,NationalTechnicalUniversityofAthens,Greece
Richard B. Mack
ConsultantinEMMeasurementTechniques,MackConsulting
  
Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo
Cambridge University Press
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Published in the United States by Cambridge University Press, New York
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Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521431071
© Cambridge University Press 2002
This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of
relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place
without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.
First published in print format 2002
ISBN-13 978-0-511-06756-3 eBook (EBL)
ISBN-10 0-511-06756-9 eBook (EBL)
ISBN-13 978-0-521-43107-1 hardback
ISBN-10 0-521-43107-7 hardback
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s for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this book, and does not
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SHAKESPEARE

Contents
Preface pagexiii
Prefacetofirstedition xvii
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Linearantennas 1
1.2 Maxwell’sequationsandthepotentialfunctions 3
1.3 PowerandthePoyntingvector 5
1.4 Thefieldofthinlinearantennas:generalequations 7
1.5 Thefieldoftheelectricallyshortantenna;directivity 11
1.6 Thefieldofantennaswithsinusoidallydistributedcurrents;radiation
resistance 13
1.7 Impedanceofantenna:EMFmethod 16
1.8 Integralequationsforthecurrentdistribution 20
1.9 Directnumericalmethods 23
2 Anapproximateanalysisofthecylindricalantenna 31
2.1 Thesinusoidalcurrent 31
2.2 Theequationforthecurrent 32
2.3 Propertiesofintegrals 33
2.4 Rearrangedequationforthecurrent 36
2.5 Reductionofintegralequationtoalgebraicequation 36
2.6 Evaluationofcoefficients 39
2.7 Theapproximatecurrentandadmittance 40
2.8 Numericalexamples;comparisonwithexperiment 41
2.9 Theradiationfield 43
2.10 Anapproximatetwo-termtheory 48
2.11 Thereceivingantenna 50
vii
viii Contents
3 Thetwo-elementarray 54
3.1 Themethodofsymmetricalcomponents 54
3.2 Propertiesofintegrals 57
3.3 Reductionofintegralequationsforphasesequencestoalgebraicequations 59
3.4 Thephase-sequencecurrentsandadmittances 62
3.5 Currentsforarbitrarilydrivenantennas;self-andmutualadmittancesand
impedances 64
3.6 Currentsforonedriven,oneparasiticantenna 66
3.7 Thecouplet 67
3.8 Fieldpatterns 68
3.9 Thetwo-termapproximation 70
4 Thecirculararray 79
4.1 Integralequationsforthesequencecurrents 80
4.2 Sequencefunctionsandarrayproperties 86
4.3 Self-andmutualadmittances 88
4.4 Currentsandfields;arrayswithonedrivenelement 95
4.5 Matrixnotationandthemethodofsymmetricalcomponents 103
4.6 Generalformulationandsolution 107
5 Thecircuitandradiatingpropertiesofcurtainarrays 112
5.1 Comparisonofconventionalandtwo-termtheories 112
5.2 Two-termtheoryofcurtainarrays 114
5.3 Example:thethree-elementarray 124
5.4 Electronicallyscannedarrays 128
5.5 Examplesofthegeneraltheoryforlargearrays 137
5.6 Thespecialcasewhenβ h =π/2 148
0
5.7 Summary 151
6 Arrayswithunequalelements:parasiticandlog-periodicantennas 153
6.1 Applicationofthetwo-termtheorytoasimpleparasiticarray 153
6.2 Theproblemofarrayswithparasiticelementsofunequallengths 160
6.3 ApplicationtotheYagi–Udaarray 162