Table Of ContentCyberspace, Cybersecurity, and Cybercrime
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Cyberspace, Cybersecurity, and Cybercrime
Janine Kremling
California State University, San Bernardino
Amanda M. Sharp Parker
Campbell University
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Kremling, Janine, 1977- author. | Parker, Amanda M. Sharp.
Title: Cyberspace, cybersecurity, and cybercrime / Janine Kremling, California State University, San Bernardino, Amanda M. Sharp Parker,
Campbell University.
Description: First Edition. | Thousand Oaks : SAGE Publications, [2017] | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2017018240 | ISBN 9781506347257 (pbk. : alk. paper)
Subjects: LCSH: Information society. | Information technology—Management. | Computer crimes. | Computer crimes—Prevention.
Classification: LCC HM851 .K74 2017 | DDC 303.48/33—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017018240
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
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Brief Contents
1. Preface
2. Acknowledgments
3. Chapter 1 • Cyberspace, the Internet, and the World Wide Web
4. Chapter 2 • What Is Cybersecurity?
5. Chapter 3 • Threat Factors—Computers as Targets
6. Chapter 4 • Threats to Cybersecurity by Criminals and Organized Crime
7. Chapter 5 • Threats to Cybersecurity by Hacktivists and Nation-States
8. Chapter 6 • National Security: Cyberwarfare and Cyberespionage
9. Chapter 7 • Cyberterrorism
10. Chapter 8 • An Evolving Threat: The Deep Web
11. Chapter 9 • Cybersecurity Operations
12. Chapter 10 • Cybersecurity Policies and Legal Issues
13. Chapter 11 • What the Future Holds
14. Appendix: Cybersecurity-Related Organizations
15. Glossary
16. Notes
17. Index
18. About the Authors
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Detailed Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1 • Cyberspace, the Internet, and the World Wide Web
• Case Study 1.1: The Dark Side of the Internet
The Beginning of the Internet and Cyberspace
• Case Study 1.2: The First-Ever Web Server
The Purpose of the Internet
Operations and Management Aspect
Social Aspect
Commercialization Aspect
• Legal Issue 1.1: Napster: The First File Sharing Program
Vulnerabilities of the Internet
What Is a Vulnerability?
Time and Space
Lack of Barriers to Entry
Anonymity/Identity
Asymmetries of Cyberspace
1s and 0s
• Think About It 1.1
What Distinguishes Cyberspace, the Internet, and the World Wide Web?
• Legal Issue 1.2: Is It a Crime to Link to Infringed/Illegal Content?
• What Can You Do? Preparing for the Job of the Future: Careers in Cybercrime and
Cybersecurity
➢ Summary
➢ Key Terms
➢ Discussion Questions
➢ Internet Resources
➢ Further Reading
Chapter 2 • What Is Cybersecurity?
• Think About It 2.1: What Is Cybersecurity and Why Is It Important?
Origins and Nature of Cybersecurity
• Think About It 2.2: War Games
Definitions
Definition of Cybersecurity
• Case Study 2.1: The Original Hacker: Kevin Mitnick
Cybersecurity Policies
• Case Study 2.2: FusionX
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Overview of Cyberspace Intrusions
Network-Based Attacks
• Case Study 2.3: Vitek Boden
Wireless Attacks
Man-in-the-Middle Attacks
• Legal Issue 2.1: Hacking . . . With a Body Count?
➢ Securing Your Wi-Fi in a Wireless World
➢ Summary
➢ Key Terms
➢ Discussion Questions
➢ Internet Resources
➢ Further Reading
➢ Appendix 2A
Chapter 3 • Threat Factors—Computers as Targets
• Case Study 3.1: The Top 10 Data Breaches
The Evolution of Cybercrime
Phases of Convergence
Main Targets in Information Technology
• Think About It 3.1: Russian Cyberspies and the 2016 Presidential Election
Computers as a Target
Threats to Mobile Devices
• Case Study 3.2: Democratic Election Campaign—Hackers Steal Campaign Information
Viruses, Worms, and Trojan Horses
Viruses
Risks Created by Viruses
Risks to Mobile Devices
• Case Study 3.3: The First Viruses
Worms
• Legal Issue 3.1: The Morris Worm
Risks Created by Worms
Trojan Horses
Risks Created by Trojan Horses
• Case Study 3.4: The U.S. Government Firewall Virus
Preventing Malware Intrusions
Antivirus Software
Firewall
Thoughtful User Behavior
• Think About It 3.2: Pokémon Go, Cybercriminals, and Cybersecurity
Encryption
• What Can You Do? Encrypting Your Computer
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Future Developments
➢ Summary
➢ Key Terms
➢ Discussion Questions
➢ Internet Resources
➢ Further Reading
Chapter 4 • Threats to Cybersecurity by Criminals and Organized Crime
Cybercrimes
Norse Attack Map
Why Do People Commit Cybercrimes?
Fraud and Financial Crimes
Consumer Crimes
Identity Theft
• What Can You Do? Counter Measures—Protecting Your Identity
Phishing Scams
• Case Study 4.1: Advance Fee Fraud—Nigerian Phishing Scam
• What Can You Do? Countermeasures to Phishing Scams
Spam
Banks and Financial Corporations
Botnets
Logic Bombs
Viruses
Internet-Initiated Sexual Offending and Exploitation
Internet-Initiated Sexual Offending
Child Pornography
• Legal Issue 4.1
Snuff Films
Trafficking in Persons
• Think About It 4.1: Countermeasures to Child Pornography—Operation Predator and
Operation Globe
Mail-Order Brides
Cyberbullying
Cyberharassment
Cyberstalking
Online Denigration
Online Impersonation
Online Exclusion
Tools Used
Social Media
YouTube
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