Table Of ContentCyber Peace
Charting a Path Toward a Sustainable,
Stable, and Secure Cyberspace
Edited by Scott J. Shackelford,
Frédérick Douzet and
Christopher Ankersen
Cyber Peace
The international community is too often focused on responding to the latest cyber
attack instead of addressing the reality of pervasive and persistent cyber conflict. From
ransomware against the city government of Baltimore to state-sponsored campaigns tar-
geting electrical grids in Ukraine and the United States, we seem to have relatively little
bandwidth left over to ask what we can hope for in terms of “peace” on the Internet,
and how to get there. It’s also important to identify the long-term implications for such
pervasive cyber insecurity across the public and private sectors, and how they can be
curtailed. This edited volume analyzes the history and evolution of cyber peace and
reviews recent international efforts aimed at promoting it, providing recommendations
for students, practitioners, and policymakers seeking an understanding of the complex-
ity of international law and international relations involved in cyber peace. This title is
also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Scott J. Shackelford is Cybersecurity Risk Management Program Chair and Executive
Director of the Ostrom Workshop at Indiana University. He is also an affiliated scholar
at both the Harvard Kennedy School’s Belfer Center for Science and International
Affairs and Stanford’s Center for Internet and Society, as well as a senior fellow at the
Center for Applied Cybersecurity Research.
Frédérick Douzet is Professor of Geopolitics at the University of Paris 8, Director of the
French Institute of Geopolitics research team (IFG Lab), and Director of the Center for
Geopolitics of the Datasphere (GEODE). She was appointed a member of the French
Defense Ethics Committee in January 2020.
Christopher Ankersen is Clinical Professor of Global Affairs and Faculty Lead, Global
Risk Specialization at New York University’s Center for Global Affairs. He has previ-
ously worked for the United Nations and the Canadian Armed Forces.
Cyber Peace
charting a path toward a sustainable,
stable, and secure cyberspace
Edited by
SCOTT J. SHACKELFORD
Indiana University-Bloomington
FRÉDÉRICK DOUZET
University of Paris 8
CHRISTOPHER ANKERSEN
New York University
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names: Shackelford, Scott J., editor. | Douzet, Frédérick, editor. | Ankersen, Christopher, editor.
title: Cyber peace : charting a path toward a sustainable, stable, and secure cyberspace /
edited by Scott J. Shackelford, Frédérick Douzet, Christopher Ankersen.
description: Cambridge, United Kingdom ; New York, ny : Cambridge
University Press, 2022. | Includes bibliographical references and index.
identifiers: lccn 2021058612 | isbn 9781108845038 (hardback) | isbn 9781108954341 (ebook)
subjects: lcsh: Cyberterrorism – Prevention. | Cyberspace – Government policy. |
BISAC: LAW / International
classification: lcc hv6773.15.c97 c88 2022 | ddc 363.325–dc23/eng/20220112
lc record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021058612
isbn 978-1-108-84503-8 Hardback
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accurate or appropriate.
This volume is dedicated to our families for their ongoing support and
encouragement, as well as to all those working for peace, both online and offline
Contents
List of Contributors page ix
Acknowledgments xviii
Introduction xix
Scott J. Shackelford, Frédérick Douzet, and Christopher Ankersen
part i beyond stability, toward cyber peace: key
concepts, visions, and models of cyber peace
1 Cyber Peace: Is That a Thing? 3
Renée Marlin-Bennett
2 Domestic Digital Repression and Cyber Peace 22
Jessica Steinberg, Cyanne E. Loyle, and Federica Carugati
part ii modalities: how might cyber peace be
achieved? what practices and processes might need
to be followed in order to make it a reality?
3 Information Sharing as a Critical Best Practice for
the Sustainability of Cyber Peace 39
Deborah Housen-Couriel
4 De-escalation Pathways and Disruptive Technology: Cyber
Operations as Off-Ramps to War 64
Brandon Valeriano and Benjamin Jensen
5 Cyber Peace and Intrastate Armed Conflicts: Toward Cyber
Peacebuilding? 94
Jean-Marie Chenou and John K. Bonilla-Aranzales
6 Artificial Intelligence in Cyber Peace 117
Tabrez Y. Ebrahim
vii
viii Contents
part iii lessons learned and looking ahead
7 Contributing to Cyber Peace by Maximizing the Potential
for Deterrence: Criminalization of Cyberattacks under
the International Criminal Court’s Rome Statute 131
Jennifer Trahan
8 Trust but Verify: Diverse Verifiers Are a Prerequisite to
Cyber Peace 154
Rob Knake and Adam Shostack
9 Building Cyber Peace While Preparing for Cyber War 170
Frédérick Douzet, Aude Géry, and François Delerue
part iv reflections and research notes
10 Imagining Cyber Peace: An Interview with a Cyber
Peace Pioneer 195
Camille François and Christopher Ankersen
11 Overcoming Barriers to Empirical Cyber Research 205
Anne E. Boustead and Scott J. Shackelford
12 Bits and “Peaces”: Solving the Jigsaw to Secure Cyberspace 212
Stéphane Duguin, Rebekah Lewis, Francesca Bosco,
and Juliana Crema
13 Cyber Hygiene Can Support Cyber Peace 223
Megan Stifel, Kayle Giroud, and Ryan Walsh
14 Crowdsourcing Cyber Peace and Cybersecurity 230
Vineet Kumar
15 Advanced Persistent Threat Groups Increasingly Destabilize
Peace and Security in Cyberspace 236
Anne-Marie Buzatu
Index 243
